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MARANAO The Maranao are a Philippine Muslim group living predominantly
around Lake Lanao in the northwest portion of the island of Mindanao. The
word "Maranao" means "people of the lake," and it is used to designate not
only the people, but also the language spoken by the people.
Closely associated with the Maranao is a group or subgroup of people variously
called Iranon, Iranun, Illanun and Ilanon. Iranon sometimes refers specifically
to people living in and around Balabagan, which is southwest of Lake Lanao
on the coast of Illana Bay. Scholars disagree on whether or not the Iranon are
of the same ethno-linguistic stock as the Maranao. Most consider the Iranon to
be rather recent antecedents of the Maranao. No adequate study has been done
to determine the exact numbers of the Iranon or their precise relationship to the
Maranao.
Racially the Maranao, like most other Filipinos, are of Malayan and Indonesian
stock, so that they are physically indistinguishable from other Filipinos.
Linguistically, Maranao is closely related to the major Filipino languages,
since it too belongs to the central Philippine subgroup. It is generally not understood
by other Mindanao groups, with the exception of the Maguindanao.
Lake Lanao, the largest lake in Mindanao and the second largest fresh water
lake in the Philippines, is approximately 2,300 feet above sea level. It empties
into the Agus River, which feeds the Maria Christina Falls about 18 miles north
of it. The southern tip of the lake is approximately 21 miles from the municipality
of Malabang on the southwestern coast of Mindanao. Thus the Maranao are
predominantly a non-coastal inland group relatively isolated from coastal Fili-