(VCCEP) Tier 1 Pilot Submission for BENZENE - Tera

Table 7.2: Summary of Ambient and Source Specific Benzene Exposure Scenarios
Exposure Scenarios
Benzene VCCEP Submission
March 2006
< 1
year old
99
1 to < 2
year old
Age Group
2 to < 6
year old
6 to < 16
year old
16 to < 19
year old
19 to < 36
year old
Ambient Exposures
Outdoor Air
Urban � � � � � �
Rural � � � � � �
Industrial Source Area � � � � � �
Indoor Air
In-home � � � � � �
In-School � �
In-Vehicle � � � � � �
Food � � � � � �
Water � � � � � �
Source-Specific Exposures
Tobacco Smoke
ETS � � � � � �
Mainstream � �
Refueling � �
Small Engine Use � �
Occupational
Production/Processing �
Non-Production �
� Included in evaluation.
A child’s exposure to benzene depends upon a number of variables, or exposure factors.
These exposure factors can be activity or physiologically related and vary with age. The
benzene childhood exposure assessment includes male and female children of all ages, and
prospective parents. The relevant exposure parameters associated with each exposure
scenario and age group are presented in Appendix A-1.
For the various types of exposure, efforts were made to characterize both typical exposures and
high-end exposures. In general, typical exposures were calculated using the average of the
reported values of exposure concentrations and exposure parameters (i.e., exposure frequency,
body weight, inhalation rate, etc.) that reflect the average values in the exposed populations.
High-end exposures for sources of benzene were calculated using exposure concentrations
representative of a 90 - 95 th percentile of the range of values in a dataset (where data were
sufficient to allow the determination of a range).