The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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In the death of Shri Sajjad Zaheer on September 13, 1973, the Committee lost yet another active and eminent member. As the deliberations of the Committee were nearing completion by that time, it was not considered necessary to fill the vacancy. 1.6 On account of the change in the portfolio of Shri Mishri Sada, Minister of State for Education, Government of Bihar, from Education to Labour, Shri Dinesh Kumar Singh, the new Minister of State for Education in Bihar was co-opted as an additional member, 1.7 February 21, 1973. It was felt, however. that the Committee should not lose the on of Shri Sada's continuous association with it. This decision raised the strength of the Committee to 17. 1.8 In place of Prof. M. Mujeeb, Vice-Chancellor, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, who benefit unable to attend further meetings of the Committee on account of ill health, Dr. Salamat Ullah, Principal, Teachers Training college, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, was appointed a member of the Committee on July 6, 1973, was Shri Kanti Chaudhuri, who had been associated with the Committee as its Member- 1.9 from the very beginning was succeeded in November 1973 by Shri Shahid Alikhan as Joint Secretary (Languages) in the Ministry of Education and accordingly took over as Member-Secretary of the Committee. Shri Kanti Chaudhuri was, however, Secretary to continue as an additional member in view of his earlier association with the Committee, 1.10 Shri M.A.S. Rajan, Joint Secretary (Information) left the Ministry of Information and asked casting and was succeeded by Shri H. C. Khanna, who took his place on the Broad 1.11 Shri P. P. Nayyar who took over as Joint Secretary (Political) in the Ministry of Home Affairs when the deliberations of the Committee were in their final stage, was Committee. Language in India www.languageinindia.com 427 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report asked to continue as member of the C Committee in place of Joint Secretary (Official Languages) for the rest of the period. 1.12 The Committee decided at its inaugural meeting to constitute four Sub-Committees to survey the educational, administrative, literary and journalistic areas of our study in an attempt to locate factors impeding the progress of Urdu and discover directions on Urdu
which official and non-official efforts must be channelized to achieve the objective of making Urdu an effective medium of communicating modem knowledge, in unison with its sister languages. The Sub- Committees were expected to prepare towards papers on broad outlines for further deliberations by the Committee. The constitution of the Sub-Committees is given below : working LITERATURE SUB-COMMITTEE (a) Shri Malik Ram Convenor 2. Shri S. Ehtesham Husain 1. Prof. Gian Chand Jain 4. Shri Ali Sardar Jafri 3. Shri Krishan Chander 5. Shri Kartar Singh Duggal 7. Shri S. Ali Jawad Zaidi 6. Prof. Masud Husain Khan 9. Prof. Mohd. Akbaruddin Siddiqui 8. JOURNALISM SUB-COMMITTEE (b) Language in India www.languageinindia.com 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on 1. Shri Abid Ali Khan Convenor 2. Shri Sajjad Zaheer 3. Shri Ranbir, Editor 'Milap' New Delhi Urdu 428
Page 1 and 2: Language in India Strength for Toda
Page 3 and 4: CHAIRMAN'S CHAIRMAN'S LETTER LETTER
Page 5 and 6: of Rationalism 14 Progressive Writi
Page 7 and 8: (iv) (iii) 41 Orissa 41 Maharashtra
Page 9 and 10: 54 Haryana 54 Delhi Pradesh 55 Karn
Page 11 and 12: and Kashmir 65 Karnataka 65 Jammu P
Page 13 and 14: of Safeguards 78 The Memorandum 78
Page 15 and 16: 101 The Great Rebellion 102 Backgro
Page 17 and 18: (Vii) Interest 125 Fort William Col
Page 19 and 20: Bibliography 136 Grants for Librari
Page 21 and 22: of Urdu at the various levels and a
Page 23 and 24: The Committee for Promotion of Urdu
Page 25: Prior to its issue, the Resolution
Page 29 and 30: Prof. M. Mujeeb 3. Prof. Abdul Alee
Page 31 and 32: New Delhi August 7, 8 and 9, 1973 1
Page 33 and 34: and Public Instruction; Directors o
Page 35 and 36: The collection and collation of fac
Page 37 and 38: HISTORICAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BA
Page 39 and 40: Early Early History History them al
Page 41 and 42: Braj Bhasha was the leading languag
Page 43 and 44: In Namdeva's creations,one can spot
Page 45 and 46: the Ate and the common man, its fou
Page 47 and 48: Urdu held sway even after the break
Page 49 and 50: Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, Surdas,
Page 51 and 52: of marsia (elegy) writing was also
Page 53 and 54: a. literary elegance, while his gha
Page 55 and 56: fondly embraced. "Ama- nat's" opera
Page 57 and 58: like Bagh-o-Bahar, Hatim-Tai, Singh
Page 59 and 60: Contacts Contacts with with West We
Page 61 and 62: Age Age of of Rationalism Rationali
Page 63 and 64: Not all the poets or writers belong
Page 65 and 66: Sikhism have been published in Urdu
Page 67 and 68: A very significant event of the twe
Page 69 and 70: New New Writing Writing Gopi Chand
Page 71 and 72: The modern period is also remarkabl
Page 73 and 74: Total number of speakers Kannada 21
Page 75 and 76: It will be noticed that while the n
Page 77 and 78:
Karnataka 6,51,696 20,34,482 26,36,
Page 79 and 80:
21 V Name of State/ Urdu spoken as
Page 81 and 82:
Urban Urban and and RRural R Rural
Page 83 and 84:
Concentrations Concentrations Conce
Page 85 and 86:
Darbhanga 11.61 3 Purnea 31.29 2 An
Page 87 and 88:
The language problem had been exerc
Page 89 and 90:
"No citizen shall, on grounds only
Page 91 and 92:
Language Language and and Constitut
Page 93 and 94:
Hindustani Hindustani The reference
Page 95 and 96:
This aspecl of the, problem has not
Page 97 and 98:
This was a modification of the reco
Page 99 and 100:
and the decisions of the Zonal Coun
Page 101 and 102:
The status of Urdu, as can be seen,
Page 103 and 104:
a Directive under Article 347, he t
Page 105 and 106:
The State Government of Aadhra Prad
Page 107 and 108:
EDUCATION. EDUCATION. Background Ba
Page 109 and 110:
The Delhi College, founded in 1825,
Page 111 and 112:
Tile Education Despatch of 1854, is
Page 113 and 114:
The cumulative effect of all these
Page 115 and 116:
The University of Calcutta also all
Page 117 and 118:
was published in 1944. Sargent exam
Page 119 and 120:
The Provincial Education Ministers'
Page 121 and 122:
with particular reference to pupils
Page 123 and 124:
The 10 : 40 formula evolved by the
Page 125 and 126:
many hurdles and delays. As the dev
Page 127 and 128:
Minister of Andhra Pradesh indicate
Page 129 and 130:
In the course of our discussions wi
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It was suggested to us that Urdu sc
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Himachal Pradesh : Hindi is the med
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Madhya Pradesh There is a sizable n
Page 137 and 138:
The witnesses expressed general sat
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schools had been terminated. In 196
Page 141 and 142:
Urdu speakers constituted 10.5 per
Page 143 and 144:
of Bara Banki. It was, therefore, a
Page 145 and 146:
case may be. Here again, many schoo
Page 147 and 148:
exists in its original form. It had
Page 149 and 150:
provision to cover the right of ins
Page 151 and 152:
accordingly, took up the question o
Page 153 and 154:
The 15 : 60 formula for the seconda
Page 155 and 156:
The Three Language Formula. was re-
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was : middle 903, secondary 173, an
Page 159 and 160:
special notice as it has been an ac
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of Urdu speakers about continued ne
Page 163 and 164:
schools and arrangements for teachi
Page 165 and 166:
Some witness suggested the formatio
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did not work. We have dealt with it
Page 169 and 170:
States like Karnataka, Maharashtra,
Page 171 and 172:
the right given in the matter of th
Page 173 and 174:
to linguistic minorities, but -not
Page 175 and 176:
Maharashtra : The Commissioner for
Page 177 and 178:
other than Sanskrit, the case may b
Page 179 and 180:
English or any other modern Europea
Page 181 and 182:
linguistic minorities by substituti
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asic principles for training were t
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institutions. The Director of Educa
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Urdu and Telugu decreased gradually
Page 189 and 190:
training were required to teach thr
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and this can be done in the case of
Page 193 and 194:
slightly compared to 1963, there ha
Page 195 and 196:
in Himachal Pradesh from the academ
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languages. It has developed criteri
Page 199 and 200:
Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan and West
Page 201 and 202:
translations of textbooks in social
Page 203 and 204:
If the State finds it difficult to
Page 205 and 206:
languages would be published by the
Page 207 and 208:
The distribution machinery for Urdu
Page 209 and 210:
knowing Inspectors. Under the circu
Page 211 and 212:
y the libraries and pleaded for spe
Page 213 and 214:
secondary colleges in an area. Notw
Page 215 and 216:
mentioned for the opening of M. A.
Page 217 and 218:
institute in the South should be lo
Page 219 and 220:
of the view that owing to various f
Page 221 and 222:
ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Vide
Page 223 and 224:
The fortunes of Sanskrit may have d
Page 225 and 226:
usiness In the administrative dep
Page 227 and 228:
different provinces of India. In th
Page 229 and 230:
any such court and in what characte
Page 231 and 232:
There was yet another disquieting f
Page 233 and 234:
composition of population in most S
Page 235 and 236:
groups to secure their support for
Page 237 and 238:
Commissioner Commissioner for for f
Page 239 and 240:
The Ministerial Committee of the So
Page 241 and 242:
We are gratified that the Union Gov
Page 243 and 244:
to the Commissioner for Linguistic
Page 245 and 246:
The State Government should make ad
Page 247 and 248:
was not equipped to undertake trans
Page 249 and 250:
Jammu and Kashmir : Representations
Page 251 and 252:
not be difficult for the State Gove
Page 253 and 254:
A well accepted concept of administ
Page 255 and 256:
elief by giving recognition to mino
Page 257 and 258:
A number of witnesses also demanded
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30 marks out of a hundred. The mark
Page 261 and 262:
In the State services, the medium o
Page 263 and 264:
the examination papers for the Stat
Page 265 and 266:
the Administration to hold a profic
Page 267 and 268:
according to the report of Linguist
Page 269 and 270:
and bye-laws issued under the Const
Page 271 and 272:
to the official languages. The poli
Page 273 and 274:
Electoral Electoral Rolls Rolls Thi
Page 275 and 276:
and implementing authorities are eq
Page 277 and 278:
the translation for notices, etc.,
Page 279 and 280:
Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Biha
Page 281 and 282:
It was generally conceded by the wi
Page 283 and 284:
Leh broadcasts Urdu programmes for
Page 285 and 286:
western and central Urrar Pradesh,
Page 287 and 288:
news bulletins were often translate
Page 289 and 290:
farmer entrepreneur small-sclae ind
Page 291 and 292:
Maharashtra, Punjab and Uttar Prade
Page 293 and 294:
"a further review at the all-India
Page 295 and 296:
JOURNALISM 101 JOURNALISM Backgroun
Page 297 and 298:
included two magazines. The aggrega
Page 299 and 300:
The The Great Great Rebellion Rebel
Page 301 and 302:
the Punjab Akhbar, Lahore; the Sham
Page 303 and 304:
The Urdu newspapers and periodicals
Page 305 and 306:
the concern at the growing unemploy
Page 307 and 308:
fast, they felt that their leadersh
Page 309 and 310:
Urdu Urdu Press Press Over Overseas
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in the thirties wag the weekly Azad
Page 313 and 314:
of a democratic system are reflecte
Page 315 and 316:
73 7 80 308 320 708 12.40 1966 83**
Page 317 and 318:
Most of the drawbacks from which Ur
Page 319 and 320:
carried out." Government of India i
Page 321 and 322:
110 of Paper 1966 1967 1968 1969 19
Page 323 and 324:
The circulation increase in the cas
Page 325 and 326:
Most of the difficulties of the Urd
Page 327 and 328:
lakh for receiving machinery on hir
Page 329 and 330:
Newsprint Newsprint Industries Orga
Page 331 and 332:
of newsprint, namely, 77,192.01 met
Page 333 and 334:
A demand has also been voiced that
Page 335 and 336:
important because to be on the Gove
Page 337 and 338:
small, functions as opinion maker a
Page 339 and 340:
The same applies to sales promotion
Page 341 and 342:
and Visual Publicity or the corresp
Page 343 and 344:
the percentage has been fluctuating
Page 345 and 346:
section or region remains uncovered
Page 347 and 348:
submit the proposal to D.A.V.P. for
Page 349 and 350:
and regularity of publication,prefe
Page 351 and 352:
of Urdu newspapers still leaves muc
Page 353 and 354:
and money, not to mention the avoid
Page 355 and 356:
Kitabat Kitabat and and Composition
Page 357 and 358:
A number of witnesses and later som
Page 359 and 360:
The basic problem that Urdu faces t
Page 361 and 362:
cottage industry workers dwell. Thi
Page 363 and 364:
at Ghazipur. On his suggestion, the
Page 365 and 366:
of presses rose to 23, which publis
Page 367 and 368:
there. Financed by donations and su
Page 369 and 370:
Anthologies of Urdu 6 Literature 5
Page 371 and 372:
experiment was made by a few journa
Page 373 and 374:
and Pakistan. The facilities of typ
Page 375 and 376:
that Hindi could take the initiativ
Page 377 and 378:
give liberal subsidies to writers/p
Page 379 and 380:
Adopt Hindi technical terms in olde
Page 381 and 382:
languages. It will make for conveni
Page 383 and 384:
notes about such Urdu writers as ha
Page 385 and 386:
quality. At least the Sahitya Akade
Page 387 and 388:
Publisher's Publisher's Problems Pr
Page 389 and 390:
to sell, even after making allowanc
Page 391 and 392:
Calligraphers' Ink : The calligraph
Page 393 and 394:
e given to literary bodies, Urdu ac
Page 395 and 396:
These workshops could also conduct
Page 397 and 398:
libraries maintained by the Governm
Page 399 and 400:
languages with which it came into c
Page 401 and 402:
(1887); and the Hurriyat, Tashkent
Page 403 and 404:
therefore, Urdu has to depend heavi
Page 405 and 406:
climate of goodwill towards the lan
Page 407 and 408:
form the pattern with such amplific
Page 409 and 410:
Given a fair trial, these recommend
Page 411 and 412:
Delhi : It was stated that the Delh
Page 413 and 414:
and Urdu knowing teachers appointed
Page 415 and 416:
the above formula., may not be appl
Page 417 and 418:
The Committee noticed that the Nati
Page 419 and 420:
There may not he a case for opening
Page 421 and 422:
Inspecting Inspecting Staff Staff W
Page 423 and 424:
Urdu Urdu Research Research Institu
Page 425 and 426:
Translation Translation of of Laws
Page 427 and 428:
in Urdu should not be restricted in
Page 429 and 430:
gap has developed. The gap should b
Page 431 and 432:
whole position in consultation with
Page 433 and 434:
translated laws will be available t
Page 435 and 436:
Posts Posts and and Telegraphs Tele
Page 437 and 438:
Sign Sign Sign Boards Boards Boards
Page 439 and 440:
giving sufficient attention to Musl
Page 441 and 442:
It would be worthwhile trying to pu
Page 443 and 444:
with a sizable population of Urdu s
Page 445 and 446:
Similar arrangements should exist i
Page 447 and 448:
Advertisements to delivery of the n
Page 449 and 450:
The disproportionate rise in postal
Page 451 and 452:
Urdu Urdu Academies Academies The C
Page 453 and 454:
The composition of the Committee ap
Page 455 and 456:
Scholars Scholars Empritus Empritus
Page 457 and 458:
ooks in Devnagri script, in additio
Page 459 and 460:
Calligraphy Calligraphy There is ob
Page 461 and 462:
wherever demand for Urdu books exis
Page 463 and 464:
Sales Sales Organisation Organisati
Page 465 and 466:
I. I. RESOLUTION RESOLUTION OF OF T
Page 467 and 468:
whether the finances of the provinc
Page 469 and 470:
14-The State shall not deny to any
Page 471 and 472:
Notwithstanding anything in clause
Page 473 and 474:
that if two or more States agree th
Page 475 and 476:
351.-It shall be the duty of the Un
Page 477 and 478:
which are proposed to be taught at
Page 479 and 480:
The Commission has further suggeste
Page 481 and 482:
y the Pre- sident, has not been wel
Page 483 and 484:
languages, and the various provisio
Page 485 and 486:
egret that the question of language
Page 487 and 488:
scale is made, the State Government
Page 489 and 490:
(iii) action by Government to see t
Page 491 and 492:
linguistic majority group in each S
Page 493 and 494:
Facilities for registration of docu
Page 495 and 496:
Definition of persons eligible for
Page 497 and 498:
the second class language test in T
Page 499 and 500:
according to the States Reorganisat
Page 501:
and should any problem arise, it wo
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The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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