The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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starting Urdu medium schools or classes on the basis of population as recommended in this report. (4.153) (aii) Bihar : It was pointed out that in Bihar most of the schools imparting education also the Urdu medium in the secondary schools or having Urdu medium sections were run by the linguistic minoritie itself. No such facility was available in the Government, district board or municipal board schools. This neglected sector should be through looked after and facilities provided as recommended by us elsewhere. (4.158) better De1hi : The Committee strongly urges upon the Delhi Administration and the Ministry of Education to provide within a period of two years facilities for teaching through the Urdu medium at the secondary stage in the Union Territory on the basis of (aiii) formula now recommended. (4.162) (aiv) Haryana : The Haryana Government should make arrangements for teaching of Urdu on an expanded scale. Urdu medium schools should be started particularly in the area. (4.163) Mewat (av) Madhya Pradesh : The Government of Madhya Pradesh should open Urdu medium schools on the new basis within a period of two years. Provision should also be made 144 appointing an Urdu teacher in higher secondary schools where Urdu is taught. (4.173) (avi) Punjab : According to the decision taken by the Senate of the Punjab University in for 1971, English, Hindi or Urdu may be the medium of instruction and examination August any affiliated college or recognised institution. In view of this welcome change, there is a strong case for provision of facilities for the teaching of Urdu at the secondary level by the Government. (4.180) in Language in India www.languageinindia.com 815 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report (avii) Uttar Pradesh : In order to satisfy the persistent demands of the Urdu speakers in Uttar Pradesh, we recommend that: (i) on the basis of the general population formula and the pattern for the higher secondary schools on the basis of the projected strength of students opting for Urdu medium at the secondary schools, our recommendations should be implemented forthwith; (ii) in many pockets of Urdu speakers in Uttar Pradesh on Urdu
the above formula., may not be applicable, arrangements for teaching of Urdu should be made by starting Urdu sections in Hindi medium schools; (iii) since Urdu speakers are generally spread all over the State, it is important to ensure that at least where Urdu teacher is available in every school so that the facilities for teaching Urdu as a subject become readily available as soon as Urdu speaking students are brought on rolls; and (iv) the suggestion of the Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu for the opening of one Urdu one higher secondary school for every group of ten Urdu medium primary schools medium Three Three Language Language Formula Formula offer a workable basis for determining the requirements of Urdu medium higher secondary schools in cities with concentrations of Urdu speakers. (4.191) may The Three-Language Formula enunciated in the National Policy Resolution of 1968 provided that: (a) in Hindi speaking areas, the Three-Language Formula should be 43. English and a modern Indian language (preferably one of the Southern languages); and (b) in non- Hindi speaking areas, Hindi, English and the regional language. Several permutations, and combinations have been introduced by the various Hindi, at the implementation stage. It has created many difficulties for Urdu speakers. It is, therefore, considered necessary that in any formula that is worked out it should be ensured that students are able to study their mother tongue as well as the official States of the State. The Committee has, accordingly, suggested that the modified. language Formula should provide (i) in Hindi-speaking States (a) Hindi (with Sanskrit as part of a composite course); Three-Language Language in India www.languageinindia.com 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on (b) Urdu or any other modern Indian language excluding (a); and (c) English or any other modern European language. (ii) in non-Hindi-speaking States (a) Regional language; (b) Hindi; Urdu 816
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Language in India Strength for Toda
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CHAIRMAN'S CHAIRMAN'S LETTER LETTER
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of Rationalism 14 Progressive Writi
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(iv) (iii) 41 Orissa 41 Maharashtra
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54 Haryana 54 Delhi Pradesh 55 Karn
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and Kashmir 65 Karnataka 65 Jammu P
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of Safeguards 78 The Memorandum 78
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101 The Great Rebellion 102 Backgro
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(Vii) Interest 125 Fort William Col
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Bibliography 136 Grants for Librari
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of Urdu at the various levels and a
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The Committee for Promotion of Urdu
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Prior to its issue, the Resolution
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which official and non-official eff
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Prof. M. Mujeeb 3. Prof. Abdul Alee
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New Delhi August 7, 8 and 9, 1973 1
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and Public Instruction; Directors o
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The collection and collation of fac
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HISTORICAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BA
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Early Early History History them al
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Braj Bhasha was the leading languag
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In Namdeva's creations,one can spot
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the Ate and the common man, its fou
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Urdu held sway even after the break
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Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, Surdas,
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of marsia (elegy) writing was also
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a. literary elegance, while his gha
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fondly embraced. "Ama- nat's" opera
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like Bagh-o-Bahar, Hatim-Tai, Singh
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Contacts Contacts with with West We
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Age Age of of Rationalism Rationali
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Not all the poets or writers belong
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Sikhism have been published in Urdu
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A very significant event of the twe
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New New Writing Writing Gopi Chand
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The modern period is also remarkabl
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Total number of speakers Kannada 21
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It will be noticed that while the n
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Karnataka 6,51,696 20,34,482 26,36,
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21 V Name of State/ Urdu spoken as
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Urban Urban and and RRural R Rural
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Concentrations Concentrations Conce
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Darbhanga 11.61 3 Purnea 31.29 2 An
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The language problem had been exerc
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"No citizen shall, on grounds only
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Language Language and and Constitut
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Hindustani Hindustani The reference
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This aspecl of the, problem has not
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This was a modification of the reco
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and the decisions of the Zonal Coun
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The status of Urdu, as can be seen,
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a Directive under Article 347, he t
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The State Government of Aadhra Prad
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EDUCATION. EDUCATION. Background Ba
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The Delhi College, founded in 1825,
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Tile Education Despatch of 1854, is
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The cumulative effect of all these
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The University of Calcutta also all
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was published in 1944. Sargent exam
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The Provincial Education Ministers'
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with particular reference to pupils
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The 10 : 40 formula evolved by the
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many hurdles and delays. As the dev
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Minister of Andhra Pradesh indicate
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In the course of our discussions wi
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It was suggested to us that Urdu sc
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Himachal Pradesh : Hindi is the med
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Madhya Pradesh There is a sizable n
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The witnesses expressed general sat
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schools had been terminated. In 196
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Urdu speakers constituted 10.5 per
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of Bara Banki. It was, therefore, a
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case may be. Here again, many schoo
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exists in its original form. It had
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provision to cover the right of ins
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accordingly, took up the question o
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The 15 : 60 formula for the seconda
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The Three Language Formula. was re-
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was : middle 903, secondary 173, an
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special notice as it has been an ac
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of Urdu speakers about continued ne
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schools and arrangements for teachi
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Some witness suggested the formatio
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did not work. We have dealt with it
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States like Karnataka, Maharashtra,
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the right given in the matter of th
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to linguistic minorities, but -not
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Maharashtra : The Commissioner for
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other than Sanskrit, the case may b
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English or any other modern Europea
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linguistic minorities by substituti
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asic principles for training were t
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institutions. The Director of Educa
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Urdu and Telugu decreased gradually
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training were required to teach thr
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and this can be done in the case of
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slightly compared to 1963, there ha
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in Himachal Pradesh from the academ
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languages. It has developed criteri
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Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan and West
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translations of textbooks in social
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If the State finds it difficult to
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languages would be published by the
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The distribution machinery for Urdu
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knowing Inspectors. Under the circu
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y the libraries and pleaded for spe
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secondary colleges in an area. Notw
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mentioned for the opening of M. A.
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institute in the South should be lo
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of the view that owing to various f
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ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Vide
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The fortunes of Sanskrit may have d
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usiness In the ad- ministrative dep
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different provinces of India. In th
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any such court and in what characte
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There was yet another disquieting f
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composition of population in most S
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groups to secure their support for
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Commissioner Commissioner for for f
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The Ministerial Committee of the So
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We are gratified that the Union Gov
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to the Commissioner for Linguistic
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The State Government should make ad
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was not equipped to undertake trans
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Jammu and Kashmir : Representations
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not be difficult for the State Gove
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A well accepted concept of administ
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elief by giving recognition to mino
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A number of witnesses also demanded
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30 marks out of a hundred. The mark
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In the State services, the medium o
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the examination papers for the Stat
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the Administration to hold a profic
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according to the report of Linguist
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and bye-laws issued under the Const
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to the official languages. The poli
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Electoral Electoral Rolls Rolls Thi
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and implementing authorities are eq
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the translation for notices, etc.,
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Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Biha
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It was generally conceded by the wi
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Leh broadcasts Urdu programmes for
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western and central Urrar Pradesh,
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news bulletins were often translate
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farmer entrepreneur small-sclae ind
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Maharashtra, Punjab and Uttar Prade
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"a further review at the all-India
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JOURNALISM 101 JOURNALISM Backgroun
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included two magazines. The aggrega
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The The Great Great Rebellion Rebel
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the Punjab Akhbar, Lahore; the Sham
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The Urdu newspapers and periodicals
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the concern at the growing unemploy
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fast, they felt that their leadersh
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Urdu Urdu Press Press Over Overseas
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in the thirties wag the weekly Azad
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of a democratic system are reflecte
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73 7 80 308 320 708 12.40 1966 83**
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Most of the drawbacks from which Ur
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carried out." Government of India i
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110 of Paper 1966 1967 1968 1969 19
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The circulation increase in the cas
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Most of the difficulties of the Urd
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lakh for receiving machinery on hir
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Newsprint Newsprint Industries Orga
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of newsprint, namely, 77,192.01 met
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A demand has also been voiced that
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important because to be on the Gove
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small, functions as opinion maker a
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The same applies to sales promotion
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and Visual Publicity or the corresp
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the percentage has been fluctuating
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section or region remains uncovered
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submit the proposal to D.A.V.P. for
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and regularity of publication,prefe
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of Urdu newspapers still leaves muc
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and money, not to mention the avoid
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Kitabat Kitabat and and Composition
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A number of witnesses and later som
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The basic problem that Urdu faces t
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cottage industry workers dwell. Thi
Page 363 and 364: at Ghazipur. On his suggestion, the
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Page 369 and 370: Anthologies of Urdu 6 Literature 5
Page 371 and 372: experiment was made by a few journa
Page 373 and 374: and Pakistan. The facilities of typ
Page 375 and 376: that Hindi could take the initiativ
Page 377 and 378: give liberal subsidies to writers/p
Page 379 and 380: Adopt Hindi technical terms in olde
Page 381 and 382: languages. It will make for conveni
Page 383 and 384: notes about such Urdu writers as ha
Page 385 and 386: quality. At least the Sahitya Akade
Page 387 and 388: Publisher's Publisher's Problems Pr
Page 389 and 390: to sell, even after making allowanc
Page 391 and 392: Calligraphers' Ink : The calligraph
Page 393 and 394: e given to literary bodies, Urdu ac
Page 395 and 396: These workshops could also conduct
Page 397 and 398: libraries maintained by the Governm
Page 399 and 400: languages with which it came into c
Page 401 and 402: (1887); and the Hurriyat, Tashkent
Page 403 and 404: therefore, Urdu has to depend heavi
Page 405 and 406: climate of goodwill towards the lan
Page 407 and 408: form the pattern with such amplific
Page 409 and 410: Given a fair trial, these recommend
Page 411 and 412: Delhi : It was stated that the Delh
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Page 417 and 418: The Committee noticed that the Nati
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Page 421 and 422: Inspecting Inspecting Staff Staff W
Page 423 and 424: Urdu Urdu Research Research Institu
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Page 429 and 430: gap has developed. The gap should b
Page 431 and 432: whole position in consultation with
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Page 435 and 436: Posts Posts and and Telegraphs Tele
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Page 439 and 440: giving sufficient attention to Musl
Page 441 and 442: It would be worthwhile trying to pu
Page 443 and 444: with a sizable population of Urdu s
Page 445 and 446: Similar arrangements should exist i
Page 447 and 448: Advertisements to delivery of the n
Page 449 and 450: The disproportionate rise in postal
Page 451 and 452: Urdu Urdu Academies Academies The C
Page 453 and 454: The composition of the Committee ap
Page 455 and 456: Scholars Scholars Empritus Empritus
Page 457 and 458: ooks in Devnagri script, in additio
Page 459 and 460: Calligraphy Calligraphy There is ob
Page 461 and 462: wherever demand for Urdu books exis
Page 463 and 464: Sales Sales Organisation Organisati
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I. I. RESOLUTION RESOLUTION OF OF T
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whether the finances of the provinc
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14-The State shall not deny to any
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Notwithstanding anything in clause
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that if two or more States agree th
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351.-It shall be the duty of the Un
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which are proposed to be taught at
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The Commission has further suggeste
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y the Pre- sident, has not been wel
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languages, and the various provisio
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egret that the question of language
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scale is made, the State Government
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(iii) action by Government to see t
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linguistic majority group in each S
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Facilities for registration of docu
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Definition of persons eligible for
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the second class language test in T
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according to the States Reorganisat
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and should any problem arise, it wo
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The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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