The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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course. We had informally suggested to the Government, to examine, on a priority basis, the feasibility of instituting the course early. While making the suggestion, we had in mind the possibility of Government offering to bear the cost of the training to a due extent, 121 6.166 At the instance of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, the Indian considerable of Mass Communication has already organised a four week seminar cum Institute at Lucknow in which senior journalists participated. The workshop is likely to be held in the near future. 6.167 At our Chandigarh meeting, some editors and senior journalists were concerned workshop the difficulty in recruiting trained Urdu journalists. They were of the view that a course of Urdu journalism should be started in one or two universities. The Osmania University, Hyderabad and the Punjab University, have departments of journalism but about of them has any arrangements for training Urdu journalists. The Punjab neither runs courses in Hindi and Punjabi, besides English, but not in Urdu. The witness in Punjab pleaded that as Punjab was still a thriving centre of Urdu Journalism, there was full Justification for the Punjab University starting a course in Urdu also. We University that with a little persuasion, both the Osmania and the Punjab Universities would be agreeable to run courses in Urdu Journalism. To begin with the departments of journalism in these universities could introduce a couple of papers in Urdu journalism. feel students with a good command over the language should be permitted to take up Only News News Agency Agency Services Services Services courses. In Delhi, Jamia Millia Islamia could organise a course in Urdu journalism. For a long term solution only a full-fledged course could be thought of. the Language in India www.languageinindia.com 753 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report 6.168 Many witnesses mooted the proposal that the Government should subsidize news agency services for small newspapers, including Urdu. There was also a suggestion to set up an All India Urdu News Service, which will save the Urdu Papers considerable on Urdu
and money, not to mention the avoidance of the possibility of error in translation. Now that the teleprinters in Urdu script are being manufactured in India, it might not be too difficult to persuade one of the news agencies to start such a service, with time help, if needed. 6.169 The Committee does rot view with favour the possibility of prolonged dependence of the Urdu press on Governments subsidies in this or other matters. Ultimately, the governmental itself will have to find resources to finance such projects. It may be worthwhile for press Old Old Age Age Pensions Pensions newspapers to come up with proposals for sharing the costs among themselves and ultimately taking over the responsibility fully, say within a decade. the A majority of the working journalists have to manage within meagre incomes and at the end of their career are seldom left with a pension or sizable funds to provide for 6.170 age. Our sub-committee on journalism had, accordingly, made recommendations regarding assistance in the shape of old age pension, care of dependents, etc. These are worthy of cosideration but, then again, these are not the exclusive concern of the old press. Similar conditions prevail in the language press as a whole. The affluent papers can afford to pay more but for most of the Urdu papers it is a Hand-to-mouth existence. The Government may like to consider in what ways the working journalists in Urdu and other languages can be helped in their declining years. Urdu Information Information Units Units in in States States States Language in India www.languageinindia.com 754 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report 6.171 In view the financial difficulties faced by smaller and medium newspapers in general and Urdu newspapers ion particular, the raising of the standards of the vast majority of such papers will depend, to a considerable extent on the support in flow of material from the Press Information Bureau of the Government of India and similar organisations in the States. on Urdu
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Language in India Strength for Toda
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CHAIRMAN'S CHAIRMAN'S LETTER LETTER
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of Rationalism 14 Progressive Writi
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(iv) (iii) 41 Orissa 41 Maharashtra
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54 Haryana 54 Delhi Pradesh 55 Karn
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and Kashmir 65 Karnataka 65 Jammu P
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of Safeguards 78 The Memorandum 78
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101 The Great Rebellion 102 Backgro
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(Vii) Interest 125 Fort William Col
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Bibliography 136 Grants for Librari
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of Urdu at the various levels and a
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The Committee for Promotion of Urdu
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Prior to its issue, the Resolution
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which official and non-official eff
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Prof. M. Mujeeb 3. Prof. Abdul Alee
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New Delhi August 7, 8 and 9, 1973 1
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and Public Instruction; Directors o
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The collection and collation of fac
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HISTORICAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BA
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Early Early History History them al
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Braj Bhasha was the leading languag
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In Namdeva's creations,one can spot
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the Ate and the common man, its fou
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Urdu held sway even after the break
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Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, Surdas,
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of marsia (elegy) writing was also
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a. literary elegance, while his gha
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fondly embraced. "Ama- nat's" opera
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like Bagh-o-Bahar, Hatim-Tai, Singh
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Contacts Contacts with with West We
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Age Age of of Rationalism Rationali
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Not all the poets or writers belong
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Sikhism have been published in Urdu
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A very significant event of the twe
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New New Writing Writing Gopi Chand
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The modern period is also remarkabl
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Total number of speakers Kannada 21
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It will be noticed that while the n
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Karnataka 6,51,696 20,34,482 26,36,
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21 V Name of State/ Urdu spoken as
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Urban Urban and and RRural R Rural
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Concentrations Concentrations Conce
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Darbhanga 11.61 3 Purnea 31.29 2 An
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The language problem had been exerc
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"No citizen shall, on grounds only
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Language Language and and Constitut
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Hindustani Hindustani The reference
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This aspecl of the, problem has not
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This was a modification of the reco
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and the decisions of the Zonal Coun
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The status of Urdu, as can be seen,
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a Directive under Article 347, he t
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The State Government of Aadhra Prad
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EDUCATION. EDUCATION. Background Ba
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The Delhi College, founded in 1825,
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Tile Education Despatch of 1854, is
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The cumulative effect of all these
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The University of Calcutta also all
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was published in 1944. Sargent exam
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The Provincial Education Ministers'
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with particular reference to pupils
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The 10 : 40 formula evolved by the
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many hurdles and delays. As the dev
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Minister of Andhra Pradesh indicate
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In the course of our discussions wi
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It was suggested to us that Urdu sc
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Himachal Pradesh : Hindi is the med
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Madhya Pradesh There is a sizable n
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The witnesses expressed general sat
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schools had been terminated. In 196
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Urdu speakers constituted 10.5 per
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of Bara Banki. It was, therefore, a
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case may be. Here again, many schoo
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exists in its original form. It had
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provision to cover the right of ins
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accordingly, took up the question o
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The 15 : 60 formula for the seconda
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The Three Language Formula. was re-
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was : middle 903, secondary 173, an
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special notice as it has been an ac
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of Urdu speakers about continued ne
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schools and arrangements for teachi
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Some witness suggested the formatio
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did not work. We have dealt with it
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States like Karnataka, Maharashtra,
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the right given in the matter of th
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to linguistic minorities, but -not
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Maharashtra : The Commissioner for
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other than Sanskrit, the case may b
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English or any other modern Europea
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linguistic minorities by substituti
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asic principles for training were t
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institutions. The Director of Educa
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Urdu and Telugu decreased gradually
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training were required to teach thr
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and this can be done in the case of
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slightly compared to 1963, there ha
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in Himachal Pradesh from the academ
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languages. It has developed criteri
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Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan and West
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translations of textbooks in social
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If the State finds it difficult to
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languages would be published by the
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The distribution machinery for Urdu
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knowing Inspectors. Under the circu
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y the libraries and pleaded for spe
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secondary colleges in an area. Notw
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mentioned for the opening of M. A.
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institute in the South should be lo
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of the view that owing to various f
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ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Vide
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The fortunes of Sanskrit may have d
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usiness In the ad- ministrative dep
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different provinces of India. In th
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any such court and in what characte
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There was yet another disquieting f
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composition of population in most S
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groups to secure their support for
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Commissioner Commissioner for for f
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The Ministerial Committee of the So
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We are gratified that the Union Gov
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to the Commissioner for Linguistic
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The State Government should make ad
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was not equipped to undertake trans
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Jammu and Kashmir : Representations
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not be difficult for the State Gove
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A well accepted concept of administ
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elief by giving recognition to mino
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A number of witnesses also demanded
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30 marks out of a hundred. The mark
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In the State services, the medium o
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the examination papers for the Stat
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the Administration to hold a profic
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according to the report of Linguist
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and bye-laws issued under the Const
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to the official languages. The poli
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Electoral Electoral Rolls Rolls Thi
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and implementing authorities are eq
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the translation for notices, etc.,
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Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Biha
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It was generally conceded by the wi
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Leh broadcasts Urdu programmes for
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western and central Urrar Pradesh,
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news bulletins were often translate
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farmer entrepreneur small-sclae ind
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Maharashtra, Punjab and Uttar Prade
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"a further review at the all-India
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JOURNALISM 101 JOURNALISM Backgroun
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included two magazines. The aggrega
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The The Great Great Rebellion Rebel
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Page 303 and 304: The Urdu newspapers and periodicals
Page 305 and 306: the concern at the growing unemploy
Page 307 and 308: fast, they felt that their leadersh
Page 309 and 310: Urdu Urdu Press Press Over Overseas
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Page 313 and 314: of a democratic system are reflecte
Page 315 and 316: 73 7 80 308 320 708 12.40 1966 83**
Page 317 and 318: Most of the drawbacks from which Ur
Page 319 and 320: carried out." Government of India i
Page 321 and 322: 110 of Paper 1966 1967 1968 1969 19
Page 323 and 324: The circulation increase in the cas
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Page 327 and 328: lakh for receiving machinery on hir
Page 329 and 330: Newsprint Newsprint Industries Orga
Page 331 and 332: of newsprint, namely, 77,192.01 met
Page 333 and 334: A demand has also been voiced that
Page 335 and 336: important because to be on the Gove
Page 337 and 338: small, functions as opinion maker a
Page 339 and 340: The same applies to sales promotion
Page 341 and 342: and Visual Publicity or the corresp
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Page 345 and 346: section or region remains uncovered
Page 347 and 348: submit the proposal to D.A.V.P. for
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Page 351: of Urdu newspapers still leaves muc
Page 355 and 356: Kitabat Kitabat and and Composition
Page 357 and 358: A number of witnesses and later som
Page 359 and 360: The basic problem that Urdu faces t
Page 361 and 362: cottage industry workers dwell. Thi
Page 363 and 364: at Ghazipur. On his suggestion, the
Page 365 and 366: of presses rose to 23, which publis
Page 367 and 368: there. Financed by donations and su
Page 369 and 370: Anthologies of Urdu 6 Literature 5
Page 371 and 372: experiment was made by a few journa
Page 373 and 374: and Pakistan. The facilities of typ
Page 375 and 376: that Hindi could take the initiativ
Page 377 and 378: give liberal subsidies to writers/p
Page 379 and 380: Adopt Hindi technical terms in olde
Page 381 and 382: languages. It will make for conveni
Page 383 and 384: notes about such Urdu writers as ha
Page 385 and 386: quality. At least the Sahitya Akade
Page 387 and 388: Publisher's Publisher's Problems Pr
Page 389 and 390: to sell, even after making allowanc
Page 391 and 392: Calligraphers' Ink : The calligraph
Page 393 and 394: e given to literary bodies, Urdu ac
Page 395 and 396: These workshops could also conduct
Page 397 and 398: libraries maintained by the Governm
Page 399 and 400: languages with which it came into c
Page 401 and 402: (1887); and the Hurriyat, Tashkent
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therefore, Urdu has to depend heavi
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climate of goodwill towards the lan
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form the pattern with such amplific
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Given a fair trial, these recommend
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Delhi : It was stated that the Delh
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and Urdu knowing teachers appointed
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the above formula., may not be appl
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The Committee noticed that the Nati
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There may not he a case for opening
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Inspecting Inspecting Staff Staff W
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Urdu Urdu Research Research Institu
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Translation Translation of of Laws
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in Urdu should not be restricted in
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gap has developed. The gap should b
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whole position in consultation with
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translated laws will be available t
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Posts Posts and and Telegraphs Tele
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Sign Sign Sign Boards Boards Boards
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giving sufficient attention to Musl
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It would be worthwhile trying to pu
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with a sizable population of Urdu s
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Similar arrangements should exist i
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Advertisements to delivery of the n
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The disproportionate rise in postal
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Urdu Urdu Academies Academies The C
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The composition of the Committee ap
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Scholars Scholars Empritus Empritus
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ooks in Devnagri script, in additio
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Calligraphy Calligraphy There is ob
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wherever demand for Urdu books exis
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Sales Sales Organisation Organisati
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I. I. RESOLUTION RESOLUTION OF OF T
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whether the finances of the provinc
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14-The State shall not deny to any
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Notwithstanding anything in clause
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that if two or more States agree th
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351.-It shall be the duty of the Un
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which are proposed to be taught at
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The Commission has further suggeste
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y the Pre- sident, has not been wel
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languages, and the various provisio
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egret that the question of language
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scale is made, the State Government
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(iii) action by Government to see t
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linguistic majority group in each S
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Facilities for registration of docu
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Definition of persons eligible for
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the second class language test in T
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according to the States Reorganisat
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and should any problem arise, it wo
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The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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