The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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has been urged by several editors and publishers and there is some justification in their submissions. We feel that the present postal rates for periodicals are high and the incidence falls on the consumer whose purchasing power is already low. periodicals increase in postal rates and the resultant increase in the price of publications has forced many of the subscribers to give up subscriptions, which has adversely affected the circulation of small and medium magazines. We would strongly urge upon the The to give substantial concession to the periodicals and other publications in Government to postal rates. 6.83 The number of reading rooms and libraries subscribing to Urdu newspapers and journals is stated to be going down. Even schools and colleges having arrangement for regard teaching of Urdu do not subscribe to 111 Urdu newspapers and periodicals. This is a direction in which the Central and State the and the educational authorities can extend a helping hand, by purchasing Governments of Urdu newspapers and periodicals for their libraries and reading rooms. The grants to libraries and reading rooms in schools and colleges are meagre and need to be adequately augmented but,within the available grants also,there is always room for copies purchase of one or two journals or newspapers. 6.84 The Committee has noticed a definite climate of change during its visits to various centres. There is an earnest desire on the part of the State Governments to help Urdu the and periodicals. Educational facilities are also increasing in Urdu. It gives newspapers Finances Finances reason to hope that much brighter days are ahead. If, as expected, the number of persons reading Urdu increases; more Urdu newspapers attain the requisite standard; and some of the difficulties to which we have referred to above are removed, the us Language in India www.languageinindia.com 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report on circulation of the newspapers and periodicals is bound to rise. Urdu 725
Most of the difficulties of the Urdu press, as a whole, stem from lack of finances. It has been urged that the Government should provide assistance through nationalised banks on liberal terms and facilities for the import of newsprint, machinery spare parts 6.85 raw materials. Provision of land for office premises and for housing journalists at concessional rates has also been urged. Much hope is pinned on the proposed Newspapers Finance Corporation paying special attention and according priority to the and segments like the Urdu press. Once the finances are placed on a sound basis, weaker of its ills, including its tendency to sensationalize, will be cured and healthier traditions will grow. 6.86 As the area that Urdu serves is spread out and falls In different states, officials most is seldom focussed properly on its problems and it fails to obtain an adequate share of public and private patronage. 6.87 The Central Government may advise the nationalised banks and other financial attention to give sympathetic consideration to the needs of the Urdu press in view of institutions financial backwardness and instability. The newspapers also have to think of the viability and creditworthiness of their ventures from the very initial stages of planning, to avoid disappointment later. A distinction will have to be drawn between papers which its capable of utilizing the assistance for planned growth and stabilization, and those that are not. There are newspapers in each of the important centres like Bangalore, Bhopal, Bombay, Calcutta, Hyderabad, Jullundur, Kanpur, Lucknow, Patna and are which have the potential to develop on proper lines if financial assistance Srinagar available to them. The nationalized banks and other banking and financial organizations might evolve suitable criteria for determining eligibility to assistance in consultation with the representatives of the newspapers,Ministry of information and becomes Language in India www.languageinindia.com 726 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report Broadcasting and the State Directorates of Information and Publicity. 6.88 Unfortunately, the ownership pattern in the Urdu press is not very encouraging. The overwhelming majority, 83.6 per cent of the papers and periodicals, is individually owned. Not even one paper is in the co-operative sector. Only 13.8 per cent are owned by Trusts, firms or partnership and societies and associations, including religious on Urdu
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Language in India Strength for Toda
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CHAIRMAN'S CHAIRMAN'S LETTER LETTER
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of Rationalism 14 Progressive Writi
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(iv) (iii) 41 Orissa 41 Maharashtra
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54 Haryana 54 Delhi Pradesh 55 Karn
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and Kashmir 65 Karnataka 65 Jammu P
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of Safeguards 78 The Memorandum 78
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101 The Great Rebellion 102 Backgro
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(Vii) Interest 125 Fort William Col
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Bibliography 136 Grants for Librari
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of Urdu at the various levels and a
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The Committee for Promotion of Urdu
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Prior to its issue, the Resolution
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which official and non-official eff
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Prof. M. Mujeeb 3. Prof. Abdul Alee
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New Delhi August 7, 8 and 9, 1973 1
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and Public Instruction; Directors o
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The collection and collation of fac
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HISTORICAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BA
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Early Early History History them al
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Braj Bhasha was the leading languag
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In Namdeva's creations,one can spot
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the Ate and the common man, its fou
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Urdu held sway even after the break
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Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, Surdas,
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of marsia (elegy) writing was also
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a. literary elegance, while his gha
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fondly embraced. "Ama- nat's" opera
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like Bagh-o-Bahar, Hatim-Tai, Singh
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Contacts Contacts with with West We
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Age Age of of Rationalism Rationali
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Not all the poets or writers belong
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Sikhism have been published in Urdu
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A very significant event of the twe
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New New Writing Writing Gopi Chand
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The modern period is also remarkabl
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Total number of speakers Kannada 21
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It will be noticed that while the n
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Karnataka 6,51,696 20,34,482 26,36,
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21 V Name of State/ Urdu spoken as
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Urban Urban and and RRural R Rural
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Concentrations Concentrations Conce
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Darbhanga 11.61 3 Purnea 31.29 2 An
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The language problem had been exerc
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"No citizen shall, on grounds only
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Language Language and and Constitut
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Hindustani Hindustani The reference
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This aspecl of the, problem has not
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This was a modification of the reco
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and the decisions of the Zonal Coun
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The status of Urdu, as can be seen,
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a Directive under Article 347, he t
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The State Government of Aadhra Prad
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EDUCATION. EDUCATION. Background Ba
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The Delhi College, founded in 1825,
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Tile Education Despatch of 1854, is
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The cumulative effect of all these
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The University of Calcutta also all
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was published in 1944. Sargent exam
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The Provincial Education Ministers'
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with particular reference to pupils
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The 10 : 40 formula evolved by the
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many hurdles and delays. As the dev
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Minister of Andhra Pradesh indicate
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In the course of our discussions wi
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It was suggested to us that Urdu sc
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Himachal Pradesh : Hindi is the med
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Madhya Pradesh There is a sizable n
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The witnesses expressed general sat
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schools had been terminated. In 196
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Urdu speakers constituted 10.5 per
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of Bara Banki. It was, therefore, a
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case may be. Here again, many schoo
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exists in its original form. It had
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provision to cover the right of ins
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accordingly, took up the question o
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The 15 : 60 formula for the seconda
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The Three Language Formula. was re-
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was : middle 903, secondary 173, an
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special notice as it has been an ac
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of Urdu speakers about continued ne
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schools and arrangements for teachi
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Some witness suggested the formatio
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did not work. We have dealt with it
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States like Karnataka, Maharashtra,
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the right given in the matter of th
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to linguistic minorities, but -not
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Maharashtra : The Commissioner for
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other than Sanskrit, the case may b
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English or any other modern Europea
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linguistic minorities by substituti
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asic principles for training were t
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institutions. The Director of Educa
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Urdu and Telugu decreased gradually
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training were required to teach thr
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and this can be done in the case of
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slightly compared to 1963, there ha
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in Himachal Pradesh from the academ
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languages. It has developed criteri
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Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan and West
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translations of textbooks in social
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If the State finds it difficult to
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languages would be published by the
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The distribution machinery for Urdu
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knowing Inspectors. Under the circu
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y the libraries and pleaded for spe
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secondary colleges in an area. Notw
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mentioned for the opening of M. A.
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institute in the South should be lo
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of the view that owing to various f
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ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Vide
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The fortunes of Sanskrit may have d
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usiness In the ad- ministrative dep
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different provinces of India. In th
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any such court and in what characte
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There was yet another disquieting f
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composition of population in most S
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groups to secure their support for
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Commissioner Commissioner for for f
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The Ministerial Committee of the So
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We are gratified that the Union Gov
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to the Commissioner for Linguistic
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The State Government should make ad
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was not equipped to undertake trans
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Jammu and Kashmir : Representations
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not be difficult for the State Gove
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A well accepted concept of administ
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elief by giving recognition to mino
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A number of witnesses also demanded
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30 marks out of a hundred. The mark
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In the State services, the medium o
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the examination papers for the Stat
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the Administration to hold a profic
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according to the report of Linguist
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and bye-laws issued under the Const
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to the official languages. The poli
Page 273 and 274: Electoral Electoral Rolls Rolls Thi
Page 275 and 276: and implementing authorities are eq
Page 277 and 278: the translation for notices, etc.,
Page 279 and 280: Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Biha
Page 281 and 282: It was generally conceded by the wi
Page 283 and 284: Leh broadcasts Urdu programmes for
Page 285 and 286: western and central Urrar Pradesh,
Page 287 and 288: news bulletins were often translate
Page 289 and 290: farmer entrepreneur small-sclae ind
Page 291 and 292: Maharashtra, Punjab and Uttar Prade
Page 293 and 294: "a further review at the all-India
Page 295 and 296: JOURNALISM 101 JOURNALISM Backgroun
Page 297 and 298: included two magazines. The aggrega
Page 299 and 300: The The Great Great Rebellion Rebel
Page 301 and 302: the Punjab Akhbar, Lahore; the Sham
Page 303 and 304: The Urdu newspapers and periodicals
Page 305 and 306: the concern at the growing unemploy
Page 307 and 308: fast, they felt that their leadersh
Page 309 and 310: Urdu Urdu Press Press Over Overseas
Page 311 and 312: in the thirties wag the weekly Azad
Page 313 and 314: of a democratic system are reflecte
Page 315 and 316: 73 7 80 308 320 708 12.40 1966 83**
Page 317 and 318: Most of the drawbacks from which Ur
Page 319 and 320: carried out." Government of India i
Page 321 and 322: 110 of Paper 1966 1967 1968 1969 19
Page 323: The circulation increase in the cas
Page 327 and 328: lakh for receiving machinery on hir
Page 329 and 330: Newsprint Newsprint Industries Orga
Page 331 and 332: of newsprint, namely, 77,192.01 met
Page 333 and 334: A demand has also been voiced that
Page 335 and 336: important because to be on the Gove
Page 337 and 338: small, functions as opinion maker a
Page 339 and 340: The same applies to sales promotion
Page 341 and 342: and Visual Publicity or the corresp
Page 343 and 344: the percentage has been fluctuating
Page 345 and 346: section or region remains uncovered
Page 347 and 348: submit the proposal to D.A.V.P. for
Page 349 and 350: and regularity of publication,prefe
Page 351 and 352: of Urdu newspapers still leaves muc
Page 353 and 354: and money, not to mention the avoid
Page 355 and 356: Kitabat Kitabat and and Composition
Page 357 and 358: A number of witnesses and later som
Page 359 and 360: The basic problem that Urdu faces t
Page 361 and 362: cottage industry workers dwell. Thi
Page 363 and 364: at Ghazipur. On his suggestion, the
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Page 367 and 368: there. Financed by donations and su
Page 369 and 370: Anthologies of Urdu 6 Literature 5
Page 371 and 372: experiment was made by a few journa
Page 373 and 374: and Pakistan. The facilities of typ
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that Hindi could take the initiativ
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give liberal subsidies to writers/p
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Adopt Hindi technical terms in olde
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languages. It will make for conveni
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notes about such Urdu writers as ha
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quality. At least the Sahitya Akade
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Publisher's Publisher's Problems Pr
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to sell, even after making allowanc
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Calligraphers' Ink : The calligraph
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e given to literary bodies, Urdu ac
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These workshops could also conduct
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libraries maintained by the Governm
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languages with which it came into c
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(1887); and the Hurriyat, Tashkent
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therefore, Urdu has to depend heavi
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climate of goodwill towards the lan
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form the pattern with such amplific
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Given a fair trial, these recommend
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Delhi : It was stated that the Delh
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and Urdu knowing teachers appointed
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the above formula., may not be appl
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The Committee noticed that the Nati
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There may not he a case for opening
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Inspecting Inspecting Staff Staff W
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Urdu Urdu Research Research Institu
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Translation Translation of of Laws
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in Urdu should not be restricted in
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gap has developed. The gap should b
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whole position in consultation with
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translated laws will be available t
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Posts Posts and and Telegraphs Tele
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Sign Sign Sign Boards Boards Boards
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giving sufficient attention to Musl
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It would be worthwhile trying to pu
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with a sizable population of Urdu s
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Similar arrangements should exist i
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Advertisements to delivery of the n
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The disproportionate rise in postal
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Urdu Urdu Academies Academies The C
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The composition of the Committee ap
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Scholars Scholars Empritus Empritus
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ooks in Devnagri script, in additio
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Calligraphy Calligraphy There is ob
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wherever demand for Urdu books exis
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Sales Sales Organisation Organisati
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I. I. RESOLUTION RESOLUTION OF OF T
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whether the finances of the provinc
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14-The State shall not deny to any
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Notwithstanding anything in clause
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that if two or more States agree th
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351.-It shall be the duty of the Un
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which are proposed to be taught at
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The Commission has further suggeste
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y the Pre- sident, has not been wel
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languages, and the various provisio
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egret that the question of language
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scale is made, the State Government
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(iii) action by Government to see t
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linguistic majority group in each S
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Facilities for registration of docu
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Definition of persons eligible for
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the second class language test in T
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according to the States Reorganisat
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and should any problem arise, it wo
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The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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