The Gujral Committee Report - Language in India

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State academies should also promote the compilation of reference works like bibliographies, biographical dictionaries, encyclopedias, directiories, etc., in Urdu and help in the cultivation of closer links between Urdu and other regional languages. We 177. strongly urge upon the Union Ministry of Education and Social Welfare and the concerned State departments to reshape the role of the academies on the above lines. (7.71) would Incentives Incentives to to Writers Writers Fin Financial Fin ancial Assistance Assistance In the absence of a clear-cut policy, directive or even a regular scheme of assistance to writers, the ministries and departments both at the Centre and in the States have been working on an ad hoc basis. It is high time that a regular scheme of 178. is drawn up. The Education Ministry may initiate discussion with the States on the subject with a view to chalking out a coordinated programme. (7.72) incentives Distribution of of Award Award Writers and authors should receive some subsidy from the Central and the State Governments to enable them to publish their own works. Some of the banks could also advance loans to such writers against the publication itself. (7.74) 179. Distribution 158 Language in India www.languageinindia.com 853 9 180. : There 1 have January been 2009 complaints of nepotism and favouritism in the distribution of awards, prizes and even assistance. The motivation for such complaints is not always impersonal. But, it must be admitted that there is considerable room for improvement in the procedure adopted at present. We would like to make a few suggestions for the serious consideration of the Governments and the academies: The Gujral Committee Report on Urdu
The composition of the Committee appointed to select awardees should be broadbased and representative not only of the talent available in the teaching profession but also of scholars and writers outside this circle. (i) The heads of various language departments usually get represented in the selection committees on the basis of protocol, while good scholars and writers at the lower levels are riot considered fully eligible for representation on these committees. The (ii) should, as a general rule, reflect merit and scholarship and not seniority in composition (iii) No person should be allowed to remain on such selection committees for a term of more than two years. Rotation would eliminate many causes of complaint. service. One of the prime responsibilities of academies which deal with more than one language is to ensure that patronage is equitably distributed and no linguistic group suffers front a sense of injury. Therefore, the academies should err, if at all, on the side (iv) liberality towards linguistic minorities. (7.75) of Assignments Assignments of of Translations Translations Some witnesses complained that very few translations from other languages into Urdu have been undertaken by the Sahitya Akademi. This respectable body has a clean record of fair play and justice and any inference to the contrary will be really unjust but, 181. of its very stature, a heavy duty is cast on it to see that obstacles, if any, obstructing speedy execution of Urdu translation and publication programme are removed. (7.76) because It has been alleged that translations have been entrusted to a very small circle of 182. Coordination Coordination among among Government Government Government Agencies Agencies Language in India www.languageinindia.com 854 9 : 1 January 2009 The Gujral Committee Report writers, who have in a few cases got it done through others, adversely affecting quality. At least the Sahitya Akademi must ensure that translations executed under its supervision are of top quality. (7.77). on Urdu
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Language in India Strength for Toda
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CHAIRMAN'S CHAIRMAN'S LETTER LETTER
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of Rationalism 14 Progressive Writi
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(iv) (iii) 41 Orissa 41 Maharashtra
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54 Haryana 54 Delhi Pradesh 55 Karn
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and Kashmir 65 Karnataka 65 Jammu P
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of Safeguards 78 The Memorandum 78
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101 The Great Rebellion 102 Backgro
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(Vii) Interest 125 Fort William Col
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Bibliography 136 Grants for Librari
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of Urdu at the various levels and a
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The Committee for Promotion of Urdu
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Prior to its issue, the Resolution
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which official and non-official eff
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Prof. M. Mujeeb 3. Prof. Abdul Alee
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New Delhi August 7, 8 and 9, 1973 1
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and Public Instruction; Directors o
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The collection and collation of fac
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HISTORICAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND BA
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Early Early History History them al
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Braj Bhasha was the leading languag
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In Namdeva's creations,one can spot
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the Ate and the common man, its fou
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Urdu held sway even after the break
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Abdul Rahim Khan-i-Khanan, Surdas,
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of marsia (elegy) writing was also
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a. literary elegance, while his gha
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fondly embraced. "Ama- nat's" opera
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like Bagh-o-Bahar, Hatim-Tai, Singh
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Contacts Contacts with with West We
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Age Age of of Rationalism Rationali
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Not all the poets or writers belong
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Sikhism have been published in Urdu
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A very significant event of the twe
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New New Writing Writing Gopi Chand
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The modern period is also remarkabl
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Total number of speakers Kannada 21
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It will be noticed that while the n
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Karnataka 6,51,696 20,34,482 26,36,
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21 V Name of State/ Urdu spoken as
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Urban Urban and and RRural R Rural
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Concentrations Concentrations Conce
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Darbhanga 11.61 3 Purnea 31.29 2 An
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The language problem had been exerc
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"No citizen shall, on grounds only
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Language Language and and Constitut
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Hindustani Hindustani The reference
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This aspecl of the, problem has not
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This was a modification of the reco
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and the decisions of the Zonal Coun
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The status of Urdu, as can be seen,
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a Directive under Article 347, he t
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The State Government of Aadhra Prad
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EDUCATION. EDUCATION. Background Ba
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The Delhi College, founded in 1825,
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Tile Education Despatch of 1854, is
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The cumulative effect of all these
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The University of Calcutta also all
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was published in 1944. Sargent exam
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The Provincial Education Ministers'
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with particular reference to pupils
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The 10 : 40 formula evolved by the
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many hurdles and delays. As the dev
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Minister of Andhra Pradesh indicate
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In the course of our discussions wi
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It was suggested to us that Urdu sc
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Himachal Pradesh : Hindi is the med
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Madhya Pradesh There is a sizable n
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The witnesses expressed general sat
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schools had been terminated. In 196
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Urdu speakers constituted 10.5 per
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of Bara Banki. It was, therefore, a
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case may be. Here again, many schoo
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exists in its original form. It had
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provision to cover the right of ins
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accordingly, took up the question o
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The 15 : 60 formula for the seconda
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The Three Language Formula. was re-
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was : middle 903, secondary 173, an
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special notice as it has been an ac
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of Urdu speakers about continued ne
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schools and arrangements for teachi
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Some witness suggested the formatio
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did not work. We have dealt with it
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States like Karnataka, Maharashtra,
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the right given in the matter of th
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to linguistic minorities, but -not
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Maharashtra : The Commissioner for
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other than Sanskrit, the case may b
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English or any other modern Europea
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linguistic minorities by substituti
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asic principles for training were t
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institutions. The Director of Educa
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Urdu and Telugu decreased gradually
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training were required to teach thr
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and this can be done in the case of
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slightly compared to 1963, there ha
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in Himachal Pradesh from the academ
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languages. It has developed criteri
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Orissa, Punjab, Rajasthan and West
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translations of textbooks in social
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If the State finds it difficult to
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languages would be published by the
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The distribution machinery for Urdu
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knowing Inspectors. Under the circu
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y the libraries and pleaded for spe
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secondary colleges in an area. Notw
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mentioned for the opening of M. A.
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institute in the South should be lo
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of the view that owing to various f
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ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION Vide
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The fortunes of Sanskrit may have d
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usiness In the ad- ministrative dep
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different provinces of India. In th
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any such court and in what characte
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There was yet another disquieting f
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composition of population in most S
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groups to secure their support for
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Commissioner Commissioner for for f
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The Ministerial Committee of the So
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We are gratified that the Union Gov
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to the Commissioner for Linguistic
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The State Government should make ad
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was not equipped to undertake trans
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Jammu and Kashmir : Representations
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not be difficult for the State Gove
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A well accepted concept of administ
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elief by giving recognition to mino
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A number of witnesses also demanded
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30 marks out of a hundred. The mark
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In the State services, the medium o
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the examination papers for the Stat
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the Administration to hold a profic
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according to the report of Linguist
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and bye-laws issued under the Const
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to the official languages. The poli
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Electoral Electoral Rolls Rolls Thi
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and implementing authorities are eq
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the translation for notices, etc.,
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Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Biha
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It was generally conceded by the wi
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Leh broadcasts Urdu programmes for
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western and central Urrar Pradesh,
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news bulletins were often translate
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farmer entrepreneur small-sclae ind
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Maharashtra, Punjab and Uttar Prade
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"a further review at the all-India
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JOURNALISM 101 JOURNALISM Backgroun
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included two magazines. The aggrega
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The The Great Great Rebellion Rebel
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the Punjab Akhbar, Lahore; the Sham
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The Urdu newspapers and periodicals
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the concern at the growing unemploy
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fast, they felt that their leadersh
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Urdu Urdu Press Press Over Overseas
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in the thirties wag the weekly Azad
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of a democratic system are reflecte
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73 7 80 308 320 708 12.40 1966 83**
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Most of the drawbacks from which Ur
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carried out." Government of India i
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110 of Paper 1966 1967 1968 1969 19
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The circulation increase in the cas
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Most of the difficulties of the Urd
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lakh for receiving machinery on hir
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Newsprint Newsprint Industries Orga
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of newsprint, namely, 77,192.01 met
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A demand has also been voiced that
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important because to be on the Gove
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small, functions as opinion maker a
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The same applies to sales promotion
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and Visual Publicity or the corresp
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the percentage has been fluctuating
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section or region remains uncovered
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submit the proposal to D.A.V.P. for
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and regularity of publication,prefe
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of Urdu newspapers still leaves muc
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and money, not to mention the avoid
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Kitabat Kitabat and and Composition
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A number of witnesses and later som
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The basic problem that Urdu faces t
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cottage industry workers dwell. Thi
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at Ghazipur. On his suggestion, the
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of presses rose to 23, which publis
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there. Financed by donations and su
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Anthologies of Urdu 6 Literature 5
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experiment was made by a few journa
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and Pakistan. The facilities of typ
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that Hindi could take the initiativ
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give liberal subsidies to writers/p
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Adopt Hindi technical terms in olde
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languages. It will make for conveni
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notes about such Urdu writers as ha
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quality. At least the Sahitya Akade
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Publisher's Publisher's Problems Pr
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to sell, even after making allowanc
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Calligraphers' Ink : The calligraph
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e given to literary bodies, Urdu ac
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These workshops could also conduct
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libraries maintained by the Governm
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languages with which it came into c
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Page 407 and 408: form the pattern with such amplific
Page 409 and 410: Given a fair trial, these recommend
Page 411 and 412: Delhi : It was stated that the Delh
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Page 415 and 416: the above formula., may not be appl
Page 417 and 418: The Committee noticed that the Nati
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Page 421 and 422: Inspecting Inspecting Staff Staff W
Page 423 and 424: Urdu Urdu Research Research Institu
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Page 429 and 430: gap has developed. The gap should b
Page 431 and 432: whole position in consultation with
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Page 435 and 436: Posts Posts and and Telegraphs Tele
Page 437 and 438: Sign Sign Sign Boards Boards Boards
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Page 441 and 442: It would be worthwhile trying to pu
Page 443 and 444: with a sizable population of Urdu s
Page 445 and 446: Similar arrangements should exist i
Page 447 and 448: Advertisements to delivery of the n
Page 449 and 450: The disproportionate rise in postal
Page 451: Urdu Urdu Academies Academies The C
Page 455 and 456: Scholars Scholars Empritus Empritus
Page 457 and 458: ooks in Devnagri script, in additio
Page 459 and 460: Calligraphy Calligraphy There is ob
Page 461 and 462: wherever demand for Urdu books exis
Page 463 and 464: Sales Sales Organisation Organisati
Page 465 and 466: I. I. RESOLUTION RESOLUTION OF OF T
Page 467 and 468: whether the finances of the provinc
Page 469 and 470: 14-The State shall not deny to any
Page 471 and 472: Notwithstanding anything in clause
Page 473 and 474: that if two or more States agree th
Page 475 and 476: 351.-It shall be the duty of the Un
Page 477 and 478: which are proposed to be taught at
Page 479 and 480: The Commission has further suggeste
Page 481 and 482: y the Pre- sident, has not been wel
Page 483 and 484: languages, and the various provisio
Page 485 and 486: egret that the question of language
Page 487 and 488: scale is made, the State Government
Page 489 and 490: (iii) action by Government to see t
Page 491 and 492: linguistic majority group in each S
Page 493 and 494: Facilities for registration of docu
Page 495 and 496: Definition of persons eligible for
Page 497 and 498: the second class language test in T
Page 499 and 500: according to the States Reorganisat
Page 501: and should any problem arise, it wo
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