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substance? There is no conceivable source for this knowledge<br />

that would not itself be an effect.<br />

From such considerations it would appear to follow that either<br />

essential knowledge of God is possible through an analysis<br />

of His effects, or no knowledge of God is possible at all.<br />

Thomists attempt to escape the difficulties suggested above<br />

by an appeal to analogical predication: all knowledge of God is<br />

analogical rather than univocal.<br />

But what is the status of this assertion itself? If all knowledge<br />

of God is analogical, then the knowledge, that it is analogical,<br />

is also analogical, and so on to an infinite regress. If<br />

the asserted analogy between God and creatures, or Being and<br />

beings, does not describe a relation that holds essentially of<br />

God, then there is no basis for proposing the analogy at all, nor<br />

does it yield any real knowledge of God. But if the analogy<br />

does describe a relation that holds essentially of God, then the<br />

assertion of the analogy is false: for it would then not be true<br />

that all knowledge of God is analogical, the analogy itself posing<br />

an insuperable and decisive exception.<br />

Nor is there any escape from this predicament by asserting<br />

that God, as the cause, must bear some analogy to His effects:<br />

for if all knowledge of God is analogical, cause is also predicated<br />

analogically; so that no essential knowledge of God is<br />

<strong>com</strong>municated by the statement that God is the first cause. Yet<br />

it is only in terms of just such an essential knowledge that any<br />

analogy between God and creatures may be asserted. Hence, as<br />

Clark maintains,(Footnote: 38: A Christian View of Men and<br />

Things, p. 312. when the existence of God is concluded from<br />

sensible things, it is not actually God’s existence that is concluded.<br />

The denial of a univocal element in predications about God<br />

therefore reduces analogical predication to sheer equivocation<br />

and makes God unknowable: the only thing that makes any<br />

analogy meaningful is a univocal element or point of likeness

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