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is continuously maintained in accordance with generally fixed<br />

laws. The force which maintains this uniformity must be either<br />

the material world, or some part of it, or an extraneous cause:<br />

and the untenable character of the first two alternatives has already<br />

been shown in the discussion of the cosmological argument.<br />

It follows that such a cause or force must be an<br />

extraneous reality that thus transcends the space-time universe,<br />

or what is the same thing, the absolutely necessary being. Consequently,<br />

God, or the absolute being, is the unexpressed premise<br />

of every predictive hypothesis: and far from being<br />

unfruitful, the existence of God is the only ultimate principle<br />

that does enable us to predict the future; for it makes it possible<br />

for us to predict what is the sine qua non for prediction itself:<br />

namely, the continued maintenance of the system of nature and<br />

therefore of predictability itself.<br />

The present objection is thus doubly invalid, both by making<br />

God’s existence hypothetical, and by denying that theism explains<br />

anything about the future.<br />

D. Metaphysical Objections: which attempt to show that the argument<br />

from teleology does not give a valid explanation of ultimate<br />

reality<br />

Because the apparent presence of design and purpose may<br />

conceivably have resulted from the chance interaction of elements<br />

in a material base.---On the cosmic level: life and mind<br />

might have arisen [[318]] by accident from the chance concatenation<br />

of material constituents. Thus Russell, after suggesting<br />

this possibility, singles out the existence of life and remarks: “It<br />

may seem odd that life should occur by accident, but in such a<br />

large universe accidents will happen.” (Footnote 62: Religion<br />

and Science, p. 216.) And so Tennant represents an opponent<br />

as suggesting: “Rich suggestions of design in the known world<br />

yield no proof of design in the universe, since our ordered

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