LCLS Conceptual Design Report - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation ...

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L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T ε n,rms,th = r c 2 kTe 2 . (6.6) moc Using the data shown in Figure 6.7, the effective temperature is estimated to be 0.14 eV resulting in a normalized, rms, thermal emittance of 0.3 µm for a 2-mm diameter cathode. Charge (nC) 1.2 0.8 0.4 4-2001 8560A97 Charge Cathode Field 0 0 20 40 QE/QE O = e –∆Φ/kTe T e = 0.14 eV εn, rms = 0.26 µm Laser Injection Phase (degrees) 120 80 40 0 60 80 100 Figure 6.7 The measured charge extracted from a Cu photocathode with ≈190 µJ of laser energy and the corresponding rf field at the cathode are plotted as a function of injection phase. 6.2.3 Longitudinal Emittance A significantly larger amount of work has been spent on measuring the transverse emittance as opposed to the longitudinal emittance. While both of the low emittance experiments at 1 nC described above reported the electron beam pulse length, neither reported the energy spread. The BNL experiment, which utilized an energy chirp by intentionally misphasing a linac section, necessarily modified the longitudinal emittance of the beam, making simultaneous transverse and longitudinal emittance measurements under nominal operating parameters impossible. The LANL experiment utilizes an integrated photoinjector so that one can not individually optimize the phase of the gun and linac to simultaneously optimize the transverse and longitudinal emittances. Work has begun on the prototype gun to systematically measure the longitudinal emittance. Preliminary results for a low charge beam of 0.15 nC give 6.4 keV for the uncorrelated, rms energy spread out of the gun. A detailed study of the uncorrelated longitudinal emittance of a 144-MHz rf photoinjector indicates that below the space charge limit, the uncorrelated longitudinal emittance and energy spread vary linearly with the surface charge density at the cathode [20]. Using this study’s parameterization, the prototype gun experimental surface charge density would give 4 keV, 40% lower than the observed 6.4 keV. Extrapolating to the LCLS charge of 1 nC, the low frequency gun study would predict 22 keV for the uncorrelated rms energy spread out of the LCLS gun. The PARMELA simulation of the LCLS gun at 140 6-14 ♦ I NJECTOR Field (MV/m)
L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T MV/m gives 8 keV. It is clear that further effort is needed to refine and understand these differences, however they are all close to the desired specification given in Table 6.1. 6.3 RF Photocathode Gun The parameters for the LCLS rf photoinjector gun are listed in Table 6.2 below. Table 6.2 LCLS RF Photoinjector Gun Parameters. Parameter Value Cathode material Cu (or possibly Mg) Usable diameter of cathode 12 mm Quantum efficiency >10 -5 at 263 nm Nominal peak rf field 140 MV/m Beam energy at gun exit a ~7.1 MeV Energy spread (uncorrelated) at gun exit
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Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
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L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
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Preface This Conceptual Design Repo
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Table of Contents 1 Executive Summa
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6. Two experiment halls L C L S C O
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2.7.1.7 Conventional Facilities L C
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3 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Scientific Bas
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Page 82 and 83: L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
Page 89 and 90: 5 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS FEL Parameters
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Page 117 and 118: 5.9 Summary L C L S C O N C E P T U
Page 119 and 120: 6 Injector TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The i
Page 125 and 126: εn,x (µm) 4 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A95
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Page 139 and 140: Quantum Yield (electrons/photon) 10
Page 141 and 142: Bz (T) 0.3 0.2 0.1 1-2002 8560A92 L
Page 153 and 154: Master Clock 9.917 MHz x8 x6 x6 Df
Page 159 and 160: 1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
Page 165 and 166: B z (kG) 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A91 L C L
Page 169 and 170: γε x,y (µm) 3 2 1 0 3-2001 8560A
Page 171 and 172: γεx,y (µm) yn 10 0 -10 -10 0 10
Page 173 and 174: σ γ /γ 0 (percent) ∆N/N 0.02 0
Page 175 and 176: 5 0 -5 5 0 -5 5 0 -5 L C L S C O N
Page 177 and 178: Table 6.5 PARMELA Output Parameters
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Page 181 and 182: ∆E/E 0 (%) ∆N/N 0 -1 -2 0.02 0
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〈∆E/E 0 〉 /% I pk /I pk0 0.1
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β (m) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 K21_1B
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β (m) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 L C L S
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economic reasons. L C L S C O N C E
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Phase [deg. S-band] L C L S C O N C
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New Solid-State Sub-Booster and Ele
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7.8.2 Bunch Length Diagnostics L C
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Magnet String Location Existing, Ne
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8.1 Overview 8.1.1 Introduction L C
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Mu in the pole, for mu
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Gasload (Torr-l/sec-cm) (x10 -12 )
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8.10.4 Conclusion L C L S C O N C E
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x θ j > 0 L C L S C O N C E P T U
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Quad ∆X/µm Quad ∆Y/µm −500
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∆X/µm ∆Y/µm L C L S C O N C E
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8.13.2 Undulator Cell Structure L C
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9.2 Layout and Optics 9.2.1 Experim
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Fast Valve L C L S C O N C E P T U
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0.01 10 -4 10 -6 10 -8 10 -10 10 -1
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Table 9.5 Mirror requirements L C L
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Refractive Focusing System L C L S
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Pulse Split/Delay L C L S C O N C E
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Figure 9.20 LCLS Ion Chamber L C L
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9.4.3.2 Pulse Length L C L S C O N
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9.4.3.6 Divergence L C L S C O N C
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10 Conventional Facilities TECHNICA
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1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
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Figure 10.6 Near hall floor plan 10
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11 Controls TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The
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11.5.3 Motion Controls L C L S C O
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12.1 Procedural Overview L C L S C
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13 Environment, Safety and Health a
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Table 13-1 Hazard Identification an
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13.1 Ionizing Radiation The design
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Table 13-2 Minimum Training Require
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13.10 SLAC References L C L S C O N
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L C L S D E S I G N S T U D Y R E P
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15 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Work Breakdow
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A A.1 FEL-Physics A.1.1 Performance
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A.2 Photo-Injector A.2.1 Gun-Laser
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A.2.3.2 Electron Beam L C L S C O N
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A.2.4.7 Vacuum L C L S C O N C E P
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A.3.8 DL-2 A.3.8.1 Subsystem L C L
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A.4 Undulator A.4.1 Undulator A.4.1
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B Control Points B.1 Injector Contr
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C Glossary ACO Anneaux Collisions O
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