LCLS Conceptual Design Report - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation ...

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β (m) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 K21_1B L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T QA11 K21_1C QA12 β x β y η x K21_1D K21X Q21201 QM11 B11 CQ11 B12 B13 CQ12 B14 QM12 25 30 35 40 0 45 S (m) Figure 7.14 Dispersion and beta functions along L1 (S < 30 m) and through BC1 chicane and ED1 emittance diagnostic section (S > 30 m). L1 quad spacing is 3-meters at 75°/cell phase advance. X-band is rf at S ≈ 30 m. Small circles in top schematic indicate profile monitors. In fact, beam-based alignment techniques in the SLC linac have been used to align quadrupoles and BPMs to ~100 µm rms [17]. Figure 7.13 shows horizontal emittance growth versus phase advance/cell with and without transverse wake effects. Error bars are the error on the mean over the 10 seeds. Beta functions and beamline layout are shown in Figure 7.14 for the lattice at the chosen 75°/cell. Included in Figure 7.14, and following L1, is the BC1 bunch compressor chicane (see Section 7.4.1). BC1 is followed by a transverse emittance diagnostic section (ED1, see Section 7.8.1), which is included in order to measure the transverse emittance immediately after BC1. 7.3.3 The L2-Linac The energy spread is large (0.8-1.8%) over the entire 350-meter length of L2, and the bunch is only partially compressed, making L2 the most problematic linac section with respect to transverse emittance dilution. The L2-linac begins at the 21-3b location and ends at 24-6d. The lattice choice for L2 was made using the computer codes Liar and Elegant and varying the phase advance per cell and the quadrupole spacing. Several spacing schemes were tested including (1) the existing 12-meter spacing, (2) a 6-meter quadrupole spacing over the full L2 length, and (3) a 6-meter spacing for the first 60 meters followed by a 12-meter spacing. Although the shorter quadrupole spacing in the first 60 meters reduced the wakefield induced emittance growth, the reduction was not large enough compared with the increased cost of modifications required. Furthermore, well tested and very effective emittance correction techniques are also possible and are described below. 7-30 ♦ A C C E L E R A T O R QM13 Q21301 QM14 QM15 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 η (m)
L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T ∆ε x,y /ε 0 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 ∆ψ /cell x,y Figure 7.15 Relative mean emittance growth (x and y) versus phase advance/cell for L2 over 10 seeds (solid-red: wakes ON, dash-blue: wakes OFF). Points with slight left-offset are x and right-offset are y. Quadrupole, BPM, and rf-structure misalignments of 300 µm rms are used and one-to-one steering (no ‘bumps’ applied). Error bars show statistical error on mean value over 10 seeds. β (m) K21_3B Q21401 K21_4A Q21501 K21_5A Q21601 K21_6A Q21701 K21_7A Q21801 K21_8A Q21901 K22_1A Q22201 K22_2A Q22301 K22_3A Q22401 K22_4A Q22501 K22_5A Q22601 K22_6A Q22701 K22_7A Q22801 K22_8A Q22901 K23_1A Q23201 K23_2A Q23301 K23_3A Q23401 K23_4A Q23501 K23_5A Q23601 K23_6A Q23701 K23_7A Q23801 K23_8A Q23901 K24_1A Q24201 K24_2A Q24301 K24_3A Q24401 K24_4A Q24501 K24_5A Q24601 K24_6A Q24701 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 50 100 150 200 S (m) 250 300 350 Figure 7.16 Beta functions along L2 at 55°/cell phase advance and 12-meter quadrupole spacing. Small circles in schematic at top indicate profile monitors (wire-scanners) for emittance measurement at the end of L2 (L2-ED). β x β y Using Liar to study emittance correction schemes, it was found that even though the L2 emittance growth (not including CSR in the chicanes) can easily reach 50%, localized trajectory ‘bumps’ can be used to restore the emittance to just 5-10% dilution. Figure 7.15 shows emittance dilution, with trajectory corrections but no emittance corrections applied, versus phase advance per cell for the existing 12-meter quadrupole spacing over the length of L2. The minimum emittance growth occurs above 90°/cell. The mean growth at 90˚/cell is ~30% in each plane if no A C C E L E R A T O R ♦ 7-31
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Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
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L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
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Preface This Conceptual Design Repo
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Table of Contents 1 Executive Summa
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6. Two experiment halls L C L S C O
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2.7.1.7 Conventional Facilities L C
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3 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Scientific Bas
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5 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS FEL Parameters
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and the total peak beam power L C L
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5.4.2.2 Case II - High Charge Limit
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∆P ∆I sat pl / P / I sat pk L C
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5.9 Summary L C L S C O N C E P T U
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6 Injector TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The i
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εn,x (µm) 4 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A95
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Quantum Yield (electrons/photon) 10
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Bz (T) 0.3 0.2 0.1 1-2002 8560A92 L
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Master Clock 9.917 MHz x8 x6 x6 Df
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1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
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Page 177 and 178: Table 6.5 PARMELA Output Parameters
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Page 181 and 182: ∆E/E 0 (%) ∆N/N 0 -1 -2 0.02 0
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Phase [deg. S-band] L C L S C O N C
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New Solid-State Sub-Booster and Ele
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7.8.2 Bunch Length Diagnostics L C
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Magnet String Location Existing, Ne
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8.1 Overview 8.1.1 Introduction L C
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Mu in the pole, for mu
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Gasload (Torr-l/sec-cm) (x10 -12 )
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8.10.4 Conclusion L C L S C O N C E
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x θ j > 0 L C L S C O N C E P T U
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Quad ∆X/µm Quad ∆Y/µm −500
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∆X/µm ∆Y/µm L C L S C O N C E
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8.13.2 Undulator Cell Structure L C
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9.2 Layout and Optics 9.2.1 Experim
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Fast Valve L C L S C O N C E P T U
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0.01 10 -4 10 -6 10 -8 10 -10 10 -1
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Table 9.5 Mirror requirements L C L
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Refractive Focusing System L C L S
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Pulse Split/Delay L C L S C O N C E
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Figure 9.20 LCLS Ion Chamber L C L
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9.4.3.2 Pulse Length L C L S C O N
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9.4.3.6 Divergence L C L S C O N C
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10 Conventional Facilities TECHNICA
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1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
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Figure 10.6 Near hall floor plan 10
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11 Controls TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The
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11.5.3 Motion Controls L C L S C O
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12.1 Procedural Overview L C L S C
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13 Environment, Safety and Health a
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Table 13-1 Hazard Identification an
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13.1 Ionizing Radiation The design
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Table 13-2 Minimum Training Require
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13.10 SLAC References L C L S C O N
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L C L S D E S I G N S T U D Y R E P
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15 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Work Breakdow
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A A.1 FEL-Physics A.1.1 Performance
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A.2 Photo-Injector A.2.1 Gun-Laser
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A.2.3.2 Electron Beam L C L S C O N
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A.2.4.7 Vacuum L C L S C O N C E P
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A.3.8 DL-2 A.3.8.1 Subsystem L C L
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A.4 Undulator A.4.1 Undulator A.4.1
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B Control Points B.1 Injector Contr
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C Glossary ACO Anneaux Collisions O
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