LCLS Conceptual Design Report - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T emittance, radiation diffraction and guiding, and nonlinear harmonic interactions. In general, each harmonic field is a sum of a linear amplification term and a term driven by nonlinear harmonic interactions. After a certain stage of exponential growth, the dominant nonlinear term is determined by interactions of the lower nonlinear harmonics and the fundamental radiation. As a result, parameters such as gain length, transverse profile, and temporal structure of the first few harmonics are eventually governed by those of the fundamental. For example, for SASE FELs, driven by the third power of the radiation field in the fundamental, the third nonlinear harmonic grows three times faster, is transversely coherent (with a smaller spot size), and has a more spiky temporal structure than the fundamental wavelength. Using the LCLS parameters, the transverse profiles of the third nonlinear harmonic and the fundamental radiation are calculated in the exponential growth regime [42]. The third nonlinear harmonic (at 0.5 Å) is also transversely coherent but has a smaller spot size than the fundamental because of the nonlinear generation mechanism. From this analysis one obtains for the third harmonic power [42] 3 P ⎛ 3 P ⎞ 1 ≈ 0.11×⎜ ⎟ , (4.29) ρPbeam ⎝ ρPbeam ⎠ where Pbeam is the total electron beam power, and P1 is the fundamental radiation power. The nonlinear harmonic radiation discussed here is generated when the fundamental frequency component of the FEL radiation bunches the electron beam strongly, producing Fourier components at higher harmonics. Thus, as long as the laser fundamental saturates after a certain length of undulator, the nonlinear harmonics are generated at certain levels, and are less sensitive to electron-beam parameters, undulator errors and wakefield effects than is true for other (linear) harmonic generation schemes. The most significant nonlinear harmonic generation occurs at the third harmonic, whose power approaches one percent of the fundamental power level near saturation. The even harmonics are also present due to the transverse gradient of the beam current. They normally have much lower power levels than their odd counterparts [42]. As discussed in another section, wakefields can reduce the power in the fundamental and one can expect a reduction also in the higher harmonics. 4.2.6 Quantum Effects in Free-Electron Lasers The quantum theory of free-electron lasers has been studied by several authors, and a review of this work can be found in [43, 44]. More recently, a many-electron quantum theory for a high gain SASE-FEL, like the LCLS, has been developed to look again at possible effects on the FEL start-up, and on the gain length [45]. Quantum effects in the FEL become important when the electron beam wave function exhibits degeneracy and the electrons can no longer be treated as distinguishable particles. The wave function will not be degenerate if the number of electrons in the beam is much less than the number of available states. This will be the case when the beam is sufficiently dilute such that the 2 3 wave functions of the individual electrons do not overlap, i.e., ε⊥ εL >> Neλ c , where ε ⊥ and ε L 4-10 ♦ F E L P H Y S I C S
L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T are the transverse and longitudinal emittance respectively, N e is the number of electrons, and λ c is the Compton wavelength. This condition is well satisfied for LCLS parameters. Quantum corrections to the classical theory become important when the electron beam becomes sensitive to the recoil due to the emission or absorption of discrete photons. The recoil will be small provided the photon energy is much less than the energy emitted per electron at saturation ω
Page 1 and 2:
Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
Page 3 and 4:
L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Preface This Conceptual Design Repo
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Table of Contents 1 Executive Summa
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18: L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
Page 25: L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
Page 28 and 29: 6. Two experiment halls L C L S C O
Page 38 and 39: 2.7.1.7 Conventional Facilities L C
Page 49 and 50: 3 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Scientific Bas
Page 57: L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
Page 89 and 90: 5 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS FEL Parameters
Page 93 and 94: and the total peak beam power L C L
Page 105 and 106: 5.4.2.2 Case II - High Charge Limit
Page 113 and 114: ∆P ∆I sat pl / P / I sat pk L C
Page 117 and 118: 5.9 Summary L C L S C O N C E P T U
Page 119 and 120:
6 Injector TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The i
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
εn,x (µm) 4 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A95
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Quantum Yield (electrons/photon) 10
Page 141 and 142:
Bz (T) 0.3 0.2 0.1 1-2002 8560A92 L
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Master Clock 9.917 MHz x8 x6 x6 Df
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
B z (kG) 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A91 L C L
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
γε x,y (µm) 3 2 1 0 3-2001 8560A
Page 171 and 172:
γεx,y (µm) yn 10 0 -10 -10 0 10
Page 173 and 174:
σ γ /γ 0 (percent) ∆N/N 0.02 0
Page 175 and 176:
5 0 -5 5 0 -5 5 0 -5 L C L S C O N
Page 177 and 178:
Table 6.5 PARMELA Output Parameters
Page 179 and 180:
gama x (micro.m) 3 2 1 0 0 L C L S
Page 181 and 182:
∆E/E 0 (%) ∆N/N 0 -1 -2 0.02 0
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185:
Page 188 and 189:
Page 190 and 191:
Page 192 and 193:
Page 194 and 195:
Page 196 and 197:
Page 198 and 199:
Page 200 and 201:
Page 202 and 203:
Page 204 and 205:
〈∆E/E 0 〉 /% I pk /I pk0 0.1
Page 206 and 207:
Page 208 and 209:
Page 210 and 211:
Page 212 and 213:
Page 214 and 215:
Page 216 and 217:
β (m) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 K21_1B
Page 218 and 219:
Page 220 and 221:
β (m) 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 L C L S
Page 222 and 223:
Page 224 and 225:
Page 226 and 227:
Page 228 and 229:
Page 230 and 231:
Page 232 and 233:
Page 234 and 235:
Page 236 and 237:
Page 238 and 239:
Page 240 and 241:
Page 242 and 243:
Page 244 and 245:
Page 246 and 247:
Page 248 and 249:
Page 250 and 251:
Page 252 and 253:
Page 254 and 255:
Page 256 and 257:
economic reasons. L C L S C O N C E
Page 258 and 259:
Page 260 and 261:
Page 262 and 263:
Page 264 and 265:
Page 266 and 267:
Page 268 and 269:
Phase [deg. S-band] L C L S C O N C
Page 270 and 271:
Page 272 and 273:
New Solid-State Sub-Booster and Ele
Page 274 and 275:
Page 276 and 277:
Page 278 and 279:
7.8.2 Bunch Length Diagnostics L C
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291:
Page 292 and 293:
Page 294 and 295:
Page 296 and 297:
Magnet String Location Existing, Ne
Page 298 and 299:
Page 300 and 301:
Page 302 and 303:
Page 304 and 305:
8.1 Overview 8.1.1 Introduction L C
Page 306 and 307:
Page 308 and 309:
Page 310 and 311:
Page 312 and 313:
Page 314 and 315:
Page 316 and 317:
Page 318 and 319:
Page 320 and 321:
Page 322 and 323:
Page 324 and 325:
Page 326 and 327:
Mu in the pole, for mu
Page 328 and 329:
Page 330 and 331:
Page 332 and 333:
Page 334 and 335:
Page 336 and 337:
Page 338 and 339:
Page 340 and 341:
Page 342 and 343:
Page 344 and 345:
Page 346 and 347:
Page 348 and 349:
Page 350 and 351:
Page 352 and 353:
Page 354 and 355:
Gasload (Torr-l/sec-cm) (x10 -12 )
Page 356 and 357:
Page 358 and 359:
Page 360 and 361:
Page 362 and 363:
Page 364 and 365:
Page 366 and 367:
Page 368 and 369:
8.10.4 Conclusion L C L S C O N C E
Page 370 and 371:
Page 372 and 373:
Page 374 and 375:
Page 376 and 377:
x θ j > 0 L C L S C O N C E P T U
Page 378 and 379:
Page 380 and 381:
Page 382 and 383:
Page 384 and 385:
Page 386 and 387:
Quad ∆X/µm Quad ∆Y/µm −500
Page 388 and 389:
∆X/µm ∆Y/µm L C L S C O N C E
Page 390 and 391:
Page 392 and 393:
8.13.2 Undulator Cell Structure L C
Page 394 and 395:
Page 396 and 397:
Page 398 and 399:
Page 400 and 401:
Page 402 and 403:
Page 404 and 405:
Page 406 and 407:
Page 408 and 409:
9.2 Layout and Optics 9.2.1 Experim
Page 410 and 411:
Fast Valve L C L S C O N C E P T U
Page 412 and 413:
Page 414 and 415:
0.01 10 -4 10 -6 10 -8 10 -10 10 -1
Page 416 and 417:
Page 418 and 419:
Table 9.5 Mirror requirements L C L
Page 420 and 421:
Refractive Focusing System L C L S
Page 422 and 423:
Page 424 and 425:
Pulse Split/Delay L C L S C O N C E
Page 426 and 427:
Page 428 and 429:
Page 430 and 431:
Figure 9.20 LCLS Ion Chamber L C L
Page 432 and 433:
Page 434 and 435:
9.4.3.2 Pulse Length L C L S C O N
Page 436 and 437:
9.4.3.6 Divergence L C L S C O N C
Page 438 and 439:
10 Conventional Facilities TECHNICA
Page 440 and 441:
1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
Page 442 and 443:
Page 444 and 445:
Figure 10.6 Near hall floor plan 10
Page 446 and 447:
Page 449 and 450:
11 Controls TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
11.5.3 Motion Controls L C L S C O
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459:
Page 462 and 463:
12.1 Procedural Overview L C L S C
Page 464 and 465:
Page 466 and 467:
Page 468 and 469:
Page 470 and 471:
Page 472 and 473:
Page 474 and 475:
Page 476 and 477:
Page 478 and 479:
Page 481 and 482:
13 Environment, Safety and Health a
Page 483 and 484:
Table 13-1 Hazard Identification an
Page 485 and 486:
13.1 Ionizing Radiation The design
Page 487 and 488:
Table 13-2 Minimum Training Require
Page 489 and 490:
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495:
13.10 SLAC References L C L S C O N
Page 498 and 499:
L C L S D E S I G N S T U D Y R E P
Page 500 and 501:
Page 502 and 503:
Page 504 and 505:
Page 506 and 507:
Page 508 and 509:
Page 510 and 511:
Page 512 and 513:
Page 515 and 516:
15 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Work Breakdow
Page 517 and 518:
Page 519 and 520:
A A.1 FEL-Physics A.1.1 Performance
Page 521 and 522:
A.2 Photo-Injector A.2.1 Gun-Laser
Page 523 and 524:
A.2.3.2 Electron Beam L C L S C O N
Page 525 and 526:
A.2.4.7 Vacuum L C L S C O N C E P
Page 527 and 528:
Page 529 and 530:
Page 531 and 532:
Page 533 and 534:
A.3.8 DL-2 A.3.8.1 Subsystem L C L
Page 535 and 536:
A.4 Undulator A.4.1 Undulator A.4.1
Page 537 and 538:
Page 539 and 540:
Page 541 and 542:
Page 543 and 544:
B Control Points B.1 Injector Contr
Page 545 and 546:
Page 547 and 548:
C Glossary ACO Anneaux Collisions O
Page 549 and 550:
Page 551 and 552:
Page 553:
show all

LCLS Conceptual Design Report - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?