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L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T horizontal stages in order to: 1) allow non-LCLS linac operation, 2) ease dipole field quality tolerances, and 3) allow a high-resolution BPM to be placed at the center of the chicane to provide energy feedback. With the dipoles switched off, the BC1 (and also the BC2) chicane can then be straightened out. The maximum horizontal beamline excursion at chicane center is equal to the maximum dispersion, |η max|, listed in the table. The excursion is toward the tunnel ‘wall’ (north) to keep the ‘aisle’ clear. Figure 7.19 shows the dispersion and beta functions through the BC1 chicane, and Table 7.11 lists parameters for the chicane. Magnet locations are shown at the top of the figure. This plot and other calculations are made for a net R56 of −35.9 mm. 7.4.1.2 Momentum Compaction The momentum compaction (R56) of a chicane made up of rectangular bend magnets is negative (for bunch head at z < 0). For ultra-relativistic electrons and small bend angles, the net R56 of the chicane is given in Eq. (7.12) where the symbol definitions are taken from Table 7.11. 2 ( ∆ L+ L ) ∂z 2 R56 ≡ ≈−2θB3 B ∂ δ . (7.12) Free parameters are: bend lengths, angles, and drift lengths. The required R56 is determined from the desired compression, the energy spread, and the rf phase of L1, which is chosen in the parameter optimization as described in Section 7.2.2. The second order momentum compaction (T566) of a rectangular-bend chicane (no quadrupole magnets) is T566 ≈ –3R56/2 [24]. β (m) 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 K21X Q21201 QM11 B11 CQ11 B12 B13 CQ12 B14 QM12 30 35 40 0 45 S (m) Figure 7.19 Dispersion and beta functions through BC1 chicane for R 56 ≈ −35.9. X-band rf structure (‘K21X’ in yellow) is upstream of first chicane. Energy spread profile monitor is small circle in center of 1 st chicane. Two quads inside first chicane are for horizontal dispersion correction and are nominally off. 7-36 ♦ A C C E L E R A T O R QM13 β x β y η x Q21301 QM14 QM15 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 η (m)
L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I G N R E P O R T A beam delay must also be accounted for in the rf phase of the following linac (L2 in this case) as the beam path length increases through a chicane. The phase delay is described in Eq. (7.13), where the rf phase lag is ∆φ. The L2 rf phase needs to be delayed with respect to the chicane-off phase by d∆φ/dR56 ≈ π/λ ≈ 1.72°/mm (or 61.5° S-band with the nominal R56 of −35.9 mm): 2π∆s4π ⎡ ⎛ θ B ⎞ ⎛ 1 ⎞⎤ π R ∆ ϕ = = 2L 1 1 56 ⎢ B ⎜ − ⎟+∆L⎜ − ⎟⎥ ≈ . (7.13) λ λ ⎢⎣ ⎝ sinθB ⎠ ⎝ cosθB ⎠⎥⎦ λ 7.4.1.3 Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) Introduction For very short bunches, the coherent component of synchrotron radiation can be significant and may dilute the horizontal emittance by generating energy spread in the dipoles. In this case, however, the energy spread is mostly correlated along the bunch and is not a random effect. For an rms bunch length, σz, dipole length, L B, bend radius, R (≈ L B/θ B), and N electrons per bunch, the CSR-induced rms relative energy spread per dipole for a gaussian bunch under steady-state conditions is [20] Nr 0.22 eLB σδ ≈ , (7.14) 23 43 γ R σz where re is the classical electron radius and γ is the Lorentz energy factor. This is valid for a dipole magnet where radiation shielding (see Figure 7.20) of a conducting vacuum chamber is not significant; i.e., for a full vertical vacuum chamber height h which satisfies [25] 2 3 ( z R ) ≡ hc h >> πσ . (7.15) Figure 7.20 Coherent radiation steady-state wake per 2π bend (R = 19.4 m, σ z = 30 µm, h c = 5.6 mm) for both shielded (dash: h/h c = 0.5) and unshielded (solid: h/h c >> 1) coherent radiation of a gaussian bunch. Here the bunch head is at z > 0 and V > 0 represents energy loss. A C C E L E R A T O R ♦ 7-37
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Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS)
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L C L S C O N C E P T U A L D E S I
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Preface This Conceptual Design Repo
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Table of Contents 1 Executive Summa
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6. Two experiment halls L C L S C O
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2.7.1.7 Conventional Facilities L C
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3 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Scientific Bas
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5 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS FEL Parameters
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and the total peak beam power L C L
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5.4.2.2 Case II - High Charge Limit
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∆P ∆I sat pl / P / I sat pk L C
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5.9 Summary L C L S C O N C E P T U
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6 Injector TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The i
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εn,x (µm) 4 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A95
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Quantum Yield (electrons/photon) 10
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Bz (T) 0.3 0.2 0.1 1-2002 8560A92 L
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Master Clock 9.917 MHz x8 x6 x6 Df
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1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
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B z (kG) 3 2 1 4-2001 8560A91 L C L
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γε x,y (µm) 3 2 1 0 3-2001 8560A
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Page 177 and 178: Table 6.5 PARMELA Output Parameters
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Page 181 and 182: ∆E/E 0 (%) ∆N/N 0 -1 -2 0.02 0
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Page 204 and 205: 〈∆E/E 0 〉 /% I pk /I pk0 0.1
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Page 256 and 257: economic reasons. L C L S C O N C E
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New Solid-State Sub-Booster and Ele
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7.8.2 Bunch Length Diagnostics L C
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Magnet String Location Existing, Ne
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8.1 Overview 8.1.1 Introduction L C
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Mu in the pole, for mu
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Gasload (Torr-l/sec-cm) (x10 -12 )
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8.10.4 Conclusion L C L S C O N C E
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x θ j > 0 L C L S C O N C E P T U
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Quad ∆X/µm Quad ∆Y/µm −500
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∆X/µm ∆Y/µm L C L S C O N C E
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8.13.2 Undulator Cell Structure L C
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9.2 Layout and Optics 9.2.1 Experim
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Fast Valve L C L S C O N C E P T U
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0.01 10 -4 10 -6 10 -8 10 -10 10 -1
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Table 9.5 Mirror requirements L C L
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Refractive Focusing System L C L S
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Pulse Split/Delay L C L S C O N C E
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Figure 9.20 LCLS Ion Chamber L C L
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9.4.3.2 Pulse Length L C L S C O N
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9.4.3.6 Divergence L C L S C O N C
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10 Conventional Facilities TECHNICA
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1-2002 8560A198 Linac Center Line L
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Figure 10.6 Near hall floor plan 10
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11 Controls TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS The
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11.5.3 Motion Controls L C L S C O
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12.1 Procedural Overview L C L S C
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13 Environment, Safety and Health a
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Table 13-1 Hazard Identification an
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13.1 Ionizing Radiation The design
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Table 13-2 Minimum Training Require
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13.10 SLAC References L C L S C O N
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L C L S D E S I G N S T U D Y R E P
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15 TECHNICAL SYNOPSIS Work Breakdow
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A A.1 FEL-Physics A.1.1 Performance
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A.2 Photo-Injector A.2.1 Gun-Laser
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A.2.3.2 Electron Beam L C L S C O N
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A.2.4.7 Vacuum L C L S C O N C E P
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A.3.8 DL-2 A.3.8.1 Subsystem L C L
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A.4 Undulator A.4.1 Undulator A.4.1
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B Control Points B.1 Injector Contr
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C Glossary ACO Anneaux Collisions O
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