From Responsibility to Response: Assessing National - Brookings

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CHAPTER 1 Assessing National Approaches to Internal Displacement: Findings from 15 Countries Yemen / UNHCR and the Yemeni Red Crescent demarcate a camp and erect tents in Khalwan, Amrran governorate, in Northern Yemen. Photo: UNHCR/ L. Chedrawi / September 2009 86
Benchmark 7 Designate an Institutional Focal Point on IDPs” Has the government designated a national institutional focal point for addressing internal displacement? For a government to meet its responsibilities in situations of internal displacement, it must have a clear sense of exactly which government actors are responsible for doing what. If it does not, it runs the risk, as the saying goes, that “if everyone is responsible, then no one is responsible” and little to nothing gets done. Designating a government focal point for addressing internal displacement is important not only for clarifying institutional responsibilities but also for increasing government accountability. The Framework for National Responsibility points out that having a national institutional focal point on internal displacement also can be essential to ensuring sustained national attention to the issue. International guidance on the development of law and policies relating to internal displacement considers designating an institutional focal point for IDP issues at the national level and, when appropriate, at the subnational level among the “minimum essential elements” of state regulation of internal displacement. 1 Certainly, addressing internal displacement is a shared responsibility that almost certainly will require the collective efforts of a range of government offices and agencies. Government actors need first of all to be made aware of their responsibilities. Moreover, given that a number of different actors are sure to be involved in the response, someone needs to be in charge of coordinating their efforts. The national institutional focal point for IDP issues is not expected to assume and implement all 1 Brookings-Bern Project on Internal Displacement, Protecting Internally Displaced Persons: A Manual for Law and Policymakers (October 2008), p. 263 (www.brookings. edu/~/media/Files/rc/papers/2008/1016_internal_ displacement/10_internal_displacement_manual.pdf). Benchmark 7 Designate an Institutional Focal Point on IDPs 87 the responsibilities of the government regarding internal displacement; rather, as the term “focal point” suggests, this body should play a leading role, mobilizing and coordinating the efforts of all other relevant government actors. For example, in the development and implementation of national law, policies and strategies on internal displacement, the institutional focal point typically is expected to steer such efforts. It also should serve as the primary coordinating and implementing actor within government and as the main interlocutor on IDP issues with external stakeholders, including international actors, donors, civil society groups and IDPs. As the Framework for National Responsibility sketches out, a number of different institutional options exist. The designated focal point on IDP issues may be an existing government agency, which then adds this function to its responsibilities; in countries where there is a ministry or department dealing with refugee issues, it is common for responsibility for IDPs to be added to its portfolio. Or a new government office, department, or even ministry may be created for this purpose. Another option, one which may supplement the work of a focal point institution, is to establish an interagency government committee or working group on IDPs. Regardless of the form that the national institutional focal point takes, the Framework specifies that it should have several essential characteristics. Its mandate and responsibilities should encompass protection and assistance. Staff should be trained on IDP issues, in particular on the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and on how to operationalize the principles in practice (see Benchmark 4). The Framework also stresses that in order to carry out its mandate effectively, the institution must enjoy a certain political authority and be equipped with adequate resources (see also Benchmark 11). Close collaboration with NGOs is encouraged; indeed, it can be a means of reinforcing the capacity of the institution. As a comprehensive national response to internal displacement requires the engagement of various ministries or offices of government—including justice, security, education and health and the electoral
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The Brookings Institution - London
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From Responsibility to Response: As
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CONTENTS Acronyms .................
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ACRONYMS AIHRC Afghanistan Independ
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FOREWORD It is with great pleasure
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Given the large num
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It is a central tenet of internatio
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legislation relevant to IDPs. Still
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amend existing ones, in line with t
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Background and Aims of the Study In
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displacement persists for several y
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operationalizing the responsibiliti
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Therefore, it is not surprising tha
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Azerbaijani, Chinese, French, Portu
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National Initiatives In Iraq, IOM p
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of the country. 62 In addition, six
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in French and Spanish depending on
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serves only to supplant and absolve
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CHAPTER 1 Assessing National Approa
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Benchmark 1 Benchmark 1 Prevent Dis
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Benchmark 1 Prevent Displacement an
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Benchmark 2 Raise National Awarenes
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Benchmark 2 Raise National Awarenes
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Page 59 and 60: Conclusion Benchmark 2 Raise Nation
Page 61 and 62: Benchmark 3 Data Collection on Inte
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Page 81 and 82: Benchmark 5 Ensure a Legal Framewor
Page 91 and 92: Conclusion Benchmark 5 Ensure a Leg
Page 93 and 94: Benchmark 6 Develop a National Poli
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Page 117 and 118: Benchmark 8 Benchmark 8 Support NHR
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Benchmark 10 Establish the Conditio
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Benchmark 11 Allocate Adequate Reso
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also ordered the National Council f
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In Sri Lanka, 16 it is difficult to
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Conclusion As indicated in the intr
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Benchmark 12 Cooperation with Inter
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North Darfur, Sudan/ A woman collec
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CHAPTER 2 Case Studies Georgia, Ken
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Georgia From Solidarity to Solution
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Kenya National Response to Internal
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Afghanistan Internal Displacement i
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Sri Lanka Gaps in the Government Re
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Domestic Financing Foreign financin
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This study seeks to shed light on h
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CHAPTER 3 Translating National Resp
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For each country case study, the ex
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5 6 Ensure a Legal Framework for Up
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9 9 a) Facilitate IDPs’ Participa
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12 Cooperate with International Com
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The Brookings Institution - London
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From Responsibility to Response: Assessing National - Brookings

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