From Responsibility to Response: Assessing National - Brookings

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CHAPTER 1 Assessing National Approaches to Internal Displacement: Findings from 15 Countries Colombia / A boy plays on the street near the Pacific coast of Colombia. Located on a clandestine trade route used by cocaine dealers and smugglers (of humans, arms and money), the once already displaced Afro-Colombian communities who live near the city of Buenaventura are in danger of being displaced again due to their strategic location and find themselves in the middle of a war between various armed groups fighting for the control of the region and the route to extend their influence. Photo: UNHCR / B. Heger / July 2010 52
Benchmark 4 Training on the Rights of IDPs Are competent authorities adequately trained on their responsibilities to protect the rights of IDPs? Ensuring that relevant government officials at all levels are trained on internal displacement issues is a key element of the exercise of national responsibility and can contribute to the effectiveness of all aspects of the government’s response. That government officials undergo training related to IDPs or to human rights more generally is a positive step that, although it is not a panacea for displacement, is part and parcel of sensitizing officials so that they are in a better able to protect and assist IDPs and, ideally, to prevent displacement. Nevertheless, despite training, even when it is based on the UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement, significant challenges remain for governments to prevent displacement, to provide protection and assistance during displacement and to ensure that IDPs achieve durable solutions in accordance with the Guiding Principles. The Framework for National Responsibility calls for training specific groups of government officials, including —government policymakers at the national level —government officials at the regional and local levels who are in direct contact with the displaced and are responsible for implementing government policy and programs in the field —members of the military and the police who are expected to play a key role in ensuring IDPs’ protection —IDP camp administrators as well as official responsible for humanitarian assistance and the protection of human rights Benchmark 4 Training on the Rights of IDPs 53 —commissioners and staff of national human rights institutions —Parliamentarians, who play a leading role in the development of legislation —civil society groups and most important, IDPs themselves, who are entitled to know their rights. For more than a decade, training has been carried out by international agencies and nongovernmental organizations, civil society groups, and national actors trying to raise awareness of internal displacement and to support governments in exercising their responsibility for protecting and assisting people displaced within their borders. The Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC) of the Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC) has played a leading role in developing training materials and conducting training for different groups of stakeholders. 1 Other training materials on internal displacement have been developed by the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), International Organization for Migration (IOM), the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the Representative of the UN Secretary-General on Internally Displaced Persons (RSG), the Brookings Institution’s Project on Internal Displacement and other actors. For governments that are aware of internal displacement and committed to addressing it but lack the necessary capacity, training of government officials is an important first step. But given staff turnover in government ministries (not to mention among parliamentarians, staff of national human rights institutions, and camp administrators), training is not a one-off initiative but something that needs to be repeated with different groups of stakeholders. Even for staff who remain, training is not a single event but a continuous process of professional development that should become increasingly specialized and tailored to the context and to the particular competencies of different officials. Moreover, training needs to extend beyond the national-level staff 1 IDMC was formerly known as the IDP Project (www. internal-displacement.org).
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The Brookings Institution - London
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From Responsibility to Response: As
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CONTENTS Acronyms .................
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ACRONYMS AIHRC Afghanistan Independ
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FOREWORD It is with great pleasure
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Given the large num
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It is a central tenet of internatio
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legislation relevant to IDPs. Still
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amend existing ones, in line with t
Page 19 and 20: Background and Aims of the Study In
Page 21 and 22: displacement persists for several y
Page 23 and 24: operationalizing the responsibiliti
Page 25 and 26: Therefore, it is not surprising tha
Page 27 and 28: Azerbaijani, Chinese, French, Portu
Page 29 and 30: National Initiatives In Iraq, IOM p
Page 31 and 32: of the country. 62 In addition, six
Page 33 and 34: in French and Spanish depending on
Page 35 and 36: serves only to supplant and absolve
Page 37 and 38: CHAPTER 1 Assessing National Approa
Page 39 and 40: Benchmark 1 Benchmark 1 Prevent Dis
Page 41 and 42: Benchmark 1 Prevent Displacement an
Page 49 and 50: Benchmark 2 Raise National Awarenes
Page 59 and 60: Conclusion Benchmark 2 Raise Nation
Page 61 and 62: Benchmark 3 Data Collection on Inte
Page 63 and 64: —Current location and location of
Page 65 and 66: its registration rolls intra-urban
Page 67 and 68: and profiling of three types of IDP
Page 69: the government of Afghanistan under
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Page 75 and 76: the provision of technical support
Page 77 and 78: Justice, National Cohesion and Cons
Page 79 and 80: February 2010; one outcome of the t
Page 81 and 82: Benchmark 5 Ensure a Legal Framewor
Page 91 and 92: Conclusion Benchmark 5 Ensure a Leg
Page 93 and 94: Benchmark 6 Develop a National Poli
Page 105 and 106: Benchmark 7 Designate an Institutio
Page 107 and 108: not necessarily influence such chan
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Page 117 and 118: Benchmark 8 Benchmark 8 Support NHR
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Benchmark 8 Support NHRIs to Integr
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Benchmark 9 Facilitate IDPs’ Part
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The process of participation is gen
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Georgia represents an especially in
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about the national policy. 16 Sudan
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and reinforce durable solutions. 27
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was 12 million, or 62 percent of th
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displacement. 52 In the run-up to t
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vote is by no means consistent (for
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Benchmark 10 Establish the Conditio
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Benchmark 11 Allocate Adequate Reso
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also ordered the National Council f
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In Sri Lanka, 16 it is difficult to
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Conclusion As indicated in the intr
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Benchmark 12 Cooperation with Inter
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North Darfur, Sudan/ A woman collec
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CHAPTER 2 Case Studies Georgia, Ken
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Georgia From Solidarity to Solution
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Kenya National Response to Internal
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Afghanistan Internal Displacement i
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Sri Lanka Gaps in the Government Re
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Domestic Financing Foreign financin
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This study seeks to shed light on h
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CHAPTER 3 Translating National Resp
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For each country case study, the ex
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5 6 Ensure a Legal Framework for Up
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9 9 a) Facilitate IDPs’ Participa
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12 Cooperate with International Com
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The Brookings Institution - London
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From Responsibility to Response: Assessing National - Brookings

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