gi de mopasani

maxloblad akldamad aiSena piramida, romelzedac, herodotes cnobiT, 30 weli100 aTasma kacma imuSava da romlis simaRle amJamad 139 metrs aRwevs.gv. 210. poli da virJini — frangi mwerlis bernarden de-sen-pieris (1737—1814) amave saxelwodebis cnobili sentimentalur-idiliuri romanis gmirebi.gv. 219. `Sereuli komisiebi~ — 1851 wlis gadatrialebis Semdeg daawesanapoleon III-m Tavis politikur mtrebTan sasamarTlos meSveobiT angariSisgasasworeblad.`Tavisi sofluri makiavelobis wyalobiT...~ — nikolo makiaveli (1469—1527), didi italieli humanisti da politikosi, romelic fr. engelsmarenesansis epoqis erT-erT `titanad~ miiCnia, amtkicebda, rom xalxiskeTildReobisaTvis mzrunvel xelisufals aqvs ufleba da kidevac marTebsyovelgvari saSualeba gamoiyenos Tavisi Zalauflebis gansamtkiceblad; amazriT Camoayaliba man Tavisi cnobili formula: `mizani amarTlebssaSualebas~. magram burJuaziulma saqmosnebma imTaviTve Seryvnes dagaavulgares, yovelgvari miznisaTvis gamarTlebulad CaTvales makiavelis espolitikuri principi, ise rom male `makiavelobis~ anu `makiavelizmis~ cnebaSegnebuli da sruli uprincipobisa da amoralizmis sinonimad aqcies.gv. 234. vatto, antuani (1684—1721) — `rokokos~ stilis gamoCenili frangimxatvari, romelsac axasiaTebda ferTa simkveTre da silaRe.gv. 240. `esk~ warmoadgens Semoklebas inglisuri sityvisa `eskuaier~-i, racniSnavs `memamule~-s.gv. 243. `nuTu ise gagiJdebian, rom tunisis sisulele gaimeoron~. —miniSneba safrangeTis mier 1881 wels tunisis okupaciaze, romelmac namdviliomis xasiaTi miiRo.gv. 258. `espaneTi marokos gamo gviwyreba~, — frang da espanelimperialistTa interesebi xSirad ejaxeboda erTmaneTs marokoSi, vidre esukanaskneli 1912 wels ar iqna gayofili safrangeTsa da espaneTs Soris.gv. 268. `...magram julietas cremli ki ara, aramed didonasi~. — julietaSeqspiris cnobili tragediis gmiria, xolo didona — didi romaeli poetisvirgiliusis (70—19) poemis `eneidasi~. (am poemis mixedviT, eneasi, romaelTalegendaruli winapari, gaemijnura didonas, karTagenis damaarsebelsa dakviprosis mefis pigmalionis das, romelmac igi mgznebared Seiyvara, xolo masSemdeg, rac eneasma miatova, Tavi moikla). mopasanis teqstSi julieta dadidona dapirispirebulni arian, rogorc ymawvili qalis siyvarulisa dagadamwifebuli qalis vnebis gansaxierebani.gv. 271. `kambronis ena CemTan SedarebiT Tavazianobad moeCveneba~. —frangma generalma pier kambronma (1770—1842), romelic vaterloosTanbrZolaSi napoleonis Zvel gvardias sardlobda, uwmawuri ginebiT upasuxadanebebis Sesaxeb mtris winadadebas.gv. 294. `im xanebSi mTeli qalaqi Jan lenoblis galereaSi midiodahungreli mxatvris karl markoviCis didi suraTis sanaxavad...~ — aseTimxatvari, romlis xsenebuli suraTi valterma iyida, ar arsebula, magram 1884wels parizSi marTlac yofila gamofenili cnobili ungreli mxatvrismunkaCis suraTi `qriste jvarze~, xolo 3 wliT adre amave mxatvarma marTlacmihyida viRac amerikels uzarmazar fasad (120000 dolarad) Tavisi meoresuraTi `qriste pilates winaSe~. amrigad mopasanma mxatvris gvari da missuraTTa siuJeti Secvala mxolod, xolo Tavisi drois kulturuli cxovrebisnamdvili detali ucvlelad asaxa romanSi.gv. 297. gobelenis xaliCa — kedelze dasakidi xaliCa, romelzedac raimesuraTia amoqarguli.venera — romaul miTologiaSi siyvarulisa da silamazis RmerTqali,RmerTTa RmerTis, iupiteris asuli, cecxlis RmerTis, vulkanis meuRle daomis RmerTis, marsis satrfo.gv. 304. buduari — patara, koxtad morTuli sastumro qalisa.gv. 309. `sapatio legionis jvari~ — napoleon bonapartis mier 1802 welsSemoRebuli ordeni, romliTac saxelmwifos winaSe gansakuTrebuli