gi de mopasani

safrangeT-prusiis omi atyda da kanis universitetis iuridiul fakultetzeSesuli mopasani jarSi gaiwvies. omis periodi man jer ruansa da SemdegparizSi gaatara intendantad. omis momdevno ekonomiurma krizisma mismSobelTa materialuri mdgomareoba Searyia da mopasans sakuTari SromiTuxdeba cxovreba. igi parizs Cadis, sadac literaturuli SemoqmedebiT apirebscxovrebas, magram floberis rCeviT saxelmwifo samsaxurSi dgeba, pataramoxeled muSaobs jer sazRvao, mere ki, 1878 wlidan, ganaTlebis saministroSi.mas mxolod maSin eZleva SesaZlebloba mTlianad mieces SemoqmedebiT Sromas,roca 1880 wels gamoqveynebulma `funTuSam~ erTbaSad moupova saxeli dasimdidre.1880 wlamde grZeldeba mopasanis SemoqmedebiTi cxovrebis pirveli,yvelaze xangrZlivi etapi, roca axalgazrda mwerali daJinebiT iRvwisostatobisaTvis.pirveli, rac am xnis manZilze `salambos~ avtorma Tavis SegirdsSTaunerga, iyo samwerlo Sromis maRali kultura. floberi didxansukrZalavda mopasans jer kidev arasrulfasovan TxzulebaTa gamoqveynebas da1875 wels Segirdma, rogorc Cans, maswavleblisagan malulad dabeWda JozefpÁunes fsevdonimiT Tavisi pirveli moTxroba `gvamis xeli~, `ar vici, gaqvT Tuara Tqven niWi, — eubneboda mas floberi mis pirvel nawerTa gacnobis Semdeg.— imaSi, rac momitaneT, erTgvari unari igrZnoba, magram nurasodesdagaviwydebaT, ymawvilo, rom niWi, bÁufonis Tqmisaebr, mxolod xangrZlivimoTminebaa. imuSaveT~. da mopasanic muSaobda, moTminebiT wvrTnida da xvewdakalams. `Svidi wlis manZilze, — igonebs igi mogvianebiT, — me vwerdi leqsebs,vwerdi novelebs, davwere sazizRari dramac ki~. am Tavgamodebul Sromas,diaxac, unayofod ar Cauvlia: profesiul gamocdilebasTan erTad man siuJetTauxvi maragic, mdidari nedli masalac daugrova Semdgom esoden nayofiermwerals (faqtiurad aTiode wlis manZilze man gamoaqveyna zustad samasimoTxroba da novela, eqvsi didi romani, samogzauro narkvevTa sami wigni dauricxvi literaturul-publicisturi esse da werili).magram mTavari, rac floberma Tavis Segirds STaunerga, iyo mxatvruliformis is kulti, ramac mopasani, misi maswavleblis gverdiT, franguliliteraturis udides stilistTa rigSi Caayena.floberis msgavsad mopasani arasodes ar cdilobs weros `lamazad~ damisi stili araa gadatvirTuli im `samkaulebiT~, — maRalfardovani saxeebiT,`iSviaTi~ SedarebebiT, zedmeti perifrazebiT, nacvalsaxelebiT, — romlebicfrazas tlanqsa da mZimes xdian; aq araferi iqcevs sagangebo yuradRebas,yovelive Tavis adgilzea da mxolod erTs rasme emsaxureba, — gansaxierebis`im simsubuqesa da sizustes, romlebic asmagad zrdian kiTxvis sixaruls~. daaseve, mopasans eucxoeba fxvieri kompozicia, ganStoebuli anda lirikuli Turefleqsuri gadaxvevebiTa da wiaRsvlebiT garTulebul-damZimebuli siuJetismdore dineba. moTxroba esmis mas, rogorc materialuri Tu sulieri xasiaTiserTi ambis gadmocema, romelsac ise aqvs micemuli dramatiuli erTianoba, rommisgan gamoricxulia yvelaferi, rac aucilebeli araa ZiriTadi azrisnaTelsayofad. amitomac etaneba igi novelis sakuTrivsa da klasikur formas,romelic jer kidev XV s-Si iqna margarita navarelis mier bokaCiosaganSeTvisebuli da frangul mwerlobaSi gadmonergili, — moTxrobas, romlisdinamiuri moqmedebis centrSi dgas `novella~ anu `axali ambavi~, raimeanekdoturi SemTxveva, romlis Suqze Cndeba da iSleba moqmed pirTa xasiaTi,mdgomareoba da bedi. da amave kompoziciuri simkacriT xasiaTdeba misiromanebic: maTi logikurad gaSlil-dasrulebuli siuJetidan gamoricxuliayovelive, — kerZod, mravalricxovan, TavisTavad sayuradRebo, magram mTavarTemasTan nakleb dakavSirebul personaJTa monacvleoba, — rasac mravalsqeltanian romanSi `cxovrebasTan~ siaxlovisaÒda msgavsebis STabeWdilebisSeqmna evaleba xolme. da amdenad, rogorc mis moTxrobaTa, ise romanTa`arqiteqturuli~ wyobidan, mopasanis TqmiTve`verc erT nawilaks ver amoagdeb ise, rom saerTo harmonia ar daarRvio~.