Diktat kuliah.pdf - Fisika Universitas Padjadjaran

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DAFTAR ISIHalamanKATA PENGANTAR ..............................................................................................DAFTAR ISI ...........................................................................................................DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................iiiivDAFTAR GAMBAR ...............................................................................................BAB 1 LASER ....................................................................................................1.1. Interaksi cahaya dengan materi .......................................................... 11.2. Ide dasar dari Laser ............................................................................ 31.3. Komponen dasar Laser ..................................................................... 51.4. Sifat-sifat berkas cahaya Laser .......................................................... 71.5. Tipe-tipe cahaya Laser ....................................................................... 11BAB 2 JENIS-JENIS CAHAYA LASER .......................................................... 122.1. Laser zat padat .................................................................................... 122.2. Laser dye ............................................................................................ 172.3. Laser semikonduktor .......................................................................... 212.4. Laser gas ............................................................................................. 24BAB 3 OPTIKA BERKAS CAHAYA LASER (BEAM OPTICS) ................. 303.1. Gelombang paraksial .......................................................................... 313.2. Berkas Gauss (Gaussian Beam) ......................................................... 323.3. Transmisi melalui suatu lensa tipis .................................................... 373.4. Berkas Hermite-Gauss ....................................................................... 393.5. Berkas Laguerre-Gauss ...................................................................... 423.6. Berkas Bessel ..................................................................................... 42BAB 4 PANDU GELOMBANG PLANAR ....................................................... 454.1. Pandu gelombang logam .................................................................... 464.2. Pandu gelombang planar dielektrik ................................................... 524.3. Pandu gelombang dua-dimensi .......................................................... 604.4. Kopling optik kedalam pandu gelombang ......................................... 63BAB 5 SERAT OPTIK (FIBER OPTICS) ........................................................ 745.1. Step-index fiber .................................................................................. 755.2. Graded-index fiber ............................................................................. 835.3. Atenuasi dan dispersi ......................................................................... 88v1ii
Page 4 and 5: HalamanBAB 6 SWITCHING OPTIK ......
Page 6: DAFTAR GAMBARHalamanGambar 1.1. Tig
Page 9 and 10: Gambar 5.10. (a). Vektor gelombang
Page 11 and 12: Gambar 6.21. Penggunaan kurva bista
Page 13 and 14: BAB 1LASERLaser merupakan singkatan
Page 15 and 16: (2). Emisi TerstimulasiEmisi tersti
Page 17 and 18: 1.3. Komponen Dasar LaserPada persa
Page 19 and 20: 1.4. Sifat-sifat Berkas Cahaya Lase
Page 21 and 22: Prinsip Huyghens : muka-muka gelomb
Page 23 and 24: dengan D L adalah diameter lensa da
Page 25 and 26: Tabel 2.1. Konfigurasi elektronik d
Page 27 and 28: 2.1.3. Laser YAG lainDisamping Nd:Y
Page 29 and 30: 2.2. Laser DyeLaser dye menggunakan
Page 31 and 32: S 0 . keseluruhan proses itu digamb
Page 33 and 34: 2.3. Laser SemikonduktorLaser semik
Page 35 and 36: sambungan elektron-elektron diinjek
Page 37 and 38: Gambar 2.6. Tingkatan-tingkatan ene
Page 39: Gambar 2.8. Tingkatan-tingkatan ene
Page 42 and 43: BAB 3OPTIKA BERKAS CAHAYA LASER (BE
Page 44 and 45: A() rA=q⎛exp⎜−ikρ() z ⎜⎝
Page 46 and 47: yang mempunyai nilai maksimum pada
Page 48 and 49: Contoh: Laser He-Ne, dengan panjang
Page 50 and 51: a. Beam waist; W 0 = MW0b. Posisi w
Page 52 and 53:
dimana X, Y dan Z adalah fungsi-fun
Page 54 and 55:
3.4.1. Distribusi IntensitasIntensi
Page 56 and 57:
Jika dibandingkan antara berkas Gau
Page 58 and 59:
miniaturisasi optik sebagaimana hal
Page 60 and 61:
dimana N = 0,1,2,…KarenaAC − AB
Page 62 and 63:
⎧ 2 mπy⎪ cos , m = 1,3,5,...
Page 64 and 65:
4.1.6. Modus TMModus yang telah kit
Page 66 and 67:
2π2d sinλ( θ)2k d − 2ϕyr− 2
Page 68 and 69:
222NA = n 1 − n(4.22)Bila λ/2d >
Page 70 and 71:
Laju peluruhan γ m disebut dengan
Page 72 and 73:
4.3 Pandu Gelombang Dua-DimensiPand
Page 74 and 75:
erbeda dapat diperoleh dari kondisi
Page 76 and 77:
Amplitudo-amplitodu dari modus-modu
Page 78 and 79:
jarak d p dari pandu gelombang deng
Page 80 and 81:
dAdzdAdz12= −iρ= −iρ2112expex
Page 82 and 83:
Gambar 4.21 adalah contoh piranti o
Page 84 and 85:
2 2( ε2 − ε) E2= ε0(n2− n )
Page 86 and 87:
BAB 5SERAT OPTIK (FIBER OPTICS)Sera
Page 88 and 89:
n 1 − n2∆ = 1n
Page 90 and 91:
−12 2 1/ 2 −1( n − n ) = sin
Page 92 and 93:
kγ2T2= n= β212k20− n− β22k22
Page 94 and 95:
4V 2M ≈ (5.12)π25.1.1.4. Konstan
Page 96 and 97:
5.2.1. Berkas-berkas Terpandu (Guid
Page 98 and 99:
k rkxk φk zz(a)y(b)Gambar 5.10. (a
Page 100 and 101:
5.2.2.5. Kecepatan GroupKecepatan g
Page 102 and 103:
erawan tampak berwarna biru). Dalam
Page 104 and 105:
terdiri dari spektrum panjang gelom
Page 106 and 107:
gelombang. Walaupun umumnya lebih k
Page 108 and 109:
5.3.3. Perambatan pulsa1Suatu pulsa
Page 110 and 111:
0τstep-index multimode fiber0τ0τ
Page 112 and 113:
Pada kondisi tertentu, suatu pulsa
Page 114 and 115:
BAB 6SWITCHING OPTIKSwitching merup
Page 116 and 117:
Gambar 6.2. Proses switching sinyal
Page 118 and 119:
Dalam divais switching elektro-opti
Page 120 and 121:
dimana ℵ adalah figure of merit (
Page 122 and 123:
Efek optik nonlinier tidak langsung
Page 124 and 125:
Gambar 6.13. All-optical switching
Page 126 and 127:
(5). Keterbatasan PraktisMasalah ut
Page 128 and 129:
Nilai input antara v 1 dan v 2 ; ni
Page 130 and 131:
BAB 7KRISTAL FOTONIKKristal fotonik
Page 132 and 133:
7.2. Pembentukan PBG (Dispersi Rela
Page 134 and 135:
(H, LHrH)* ===2 2( ω c )2 2( ω c
Page 136 and 137:
maka subsitusi persamaan (7.18) ked
Page 138 and 139:
7.2.2. PBG pada Kristal Fotonik 2DD
Page 140 and 141:
MMrk //rk //r r r r r r r r'''( G//
Page 142 and 143:
2πraDengan mendefinisikan fraksi v
Page 144 and 145:
Bagian kiri menunjukkan konfigurasi
Page 146 and 147:
memperlihatkan contoh struktur pita
Page 148 and 149:
Gambar 7.15. Struktur pita kristal
Page 150 and 151:
(a)(b)Gambar 7.17. Hasil eksperimen
Page 152 and 153:
Gambar 7.19. Foto pandu gelombang d
Page 154 and 155:
struktur yang dibuat untuk aplikasi
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