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stiinte med 1 2012.indd - Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei

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428<br />

8. Pacientul cu PC poate să asocieze şi alte manifestări<br />

clinice: epilepsie, retard mental, <strong>de</strong>ficite vizuale,<br />

strabism, nistagmus, <strong>de</strong>ficite auditive, tulburări <strong>de</strong><br />

comportament, tulburări <strong>de</strong> învăţare, <strong>de</strong>ficit <strong>de</strong> concentrare<br />

şi <strong>de</strong> atenţie etc.<br />

9. Diagnosticul pozitiv <strong>de</strong> PC se stabileşte coroborând<br />

anamneza, examenul clinic şi investigaţiile<br />

paraclinice.<br />

10. Examenul neuroimagistic este o investigaţie<br />

recomandată în evaluarea tuturor copiilor cu PC.<br />

RMN este metoda <strong>de</strong> elecţie, <strong>de</strong>oarece conferă informaţii<br />

suplimentare referitoare la etiologia apariţiei<br />

PC.<br />

Bibliografie<br />

1. Aicardi J., Clinics in Developmental Medicine. Disease<br />

of the Nervous System in Childhood. Mackeith Press.<br />

Cambridge University Press. 1998; ed. a 2-a, 822:826.<br />

2. Ashwal S., Russman B.S., Blasco P.A. etc., Practice<br />

parameter: diagnostic assessment of the child with<br />

cerebral palsy: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee<br />

of the American Aca<strong>de</strong>my of Neurology and the<br />

Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society, Neurology,<br />

2004; 62(6):851-863.<br />

3. Benga Il., Cristea A., Evaluarea neurologică a copilului.<br />

Editura “Napoca Star”, 2005; 10-56.<br />

4. Burke D., Spasticity as an adaptation to pyramidal<br />

tract injury. Adv. Neurol., 1988; 47:401.<br />

5. Christos P. Panteliadis, Hans-Michael Strassburg,<br />

Cerebral Palsy principles and management. Georg Thieme<br />

Verlag., 2004; 61-86.<br />

6. Dragomir D., Pleşca D., Paraliziile cerebrale.<br />

Tratat <strong>de</strong> Pediatrie, prima ediţie, Bucureşti: Editura Medicală,<br />

2002.<br />

7. Jahnson A. Prevalence and characteristics of<br />

children with cerebral palsy in Europe, Dev. Med. Chid.<br />

Neur., 2002; 44:633-641.<br />

8. Pleşca D., Hurduc V., Ioan Iu., Evaluarea copilului<br />

cu paralizie cerebral, Revista Română <strong>de</strong> Pediatrie.<br />

2010, LIX (2):81-5.<br />

9. Popescu V., Zamfirescu A., Diagnosis in pediatric<br />

neurology. Revista Română <strong>de</strong> Pediatrie, 2010, LIX<br />

(2):103-114.<br />

10. Popescu V., Arion C., Dragomir D. ş.a., Neurologie<br />

pediatrică. Curs <strong>de</strong> Pediatrie, IMF Bucureşti, Facultatea<br />

<strong>de</strong> Pediatrie, Clinica <strong>de</strong> Pediatrie, Spitalul Clinic <strong>de</strong><br />

Copii ,,23 August”. 1981; p. 135-181.<br />

11. Popescu V., Răduţ Ştefănescu M., Paraliziile cerebrale.<br />

Popescu V.,Neurologie Pediatrică. Bucureşti: Teora,<br />

2001; I;19:528-559.<br />

Rezumat<br />

În studiu a fost apreciat rolul anamnesticului ca o etapă<br />

<strong>de</strong>osebit <strong>de</strong> importantă în evaluarea maturităţii neurologice<br />

a copilului şi în stabilirea diagnosticului neurologic. Au<br />

Buletinul AŞM<br />

fost precizate etapele diagnosticului paraliziei cerebrale<br />

(PC) la copilul cu leziuni cerebrale perinatale: examenul<br />

posturii şi reflexelor <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>zvoltare, tulburările <strong>de</strong> tonus<br />

asociate cu un <strong>de</strong>ficit motor, <strong>de</strong>zvoltarea performanţelor<br />

motorii, tulburările <strong>de</strong> comunicare, prezenţa <strong>de</strong> fenomene<br />

paroxistice convulsivante, retard mental, <strong>de</strong>ficite vizuale,<br />

strabism, nistagmus, <strong>de</strong>ficite auditive, tulburări <strong>de</strong> comportament,<br />

tulburări <strong>de</strong> învăţare, <strong>de</strong>ficit <strong>de</strong> concentrare şi <strong>de</strong><br />

atenţie. S-a constatat că monitorizarea nivelului <strong>de</strong>zvoltării<br />

psihomotorii a copilului în perioada între 0 şi 3 ani ne<br />

va permite să apreciem gradul <strong>de</strong> maturaţie al SNC. Diagnosticul<br />

pozitiv <strong>de</strong> PC se stabileşte coroborând anamneza,<br />

examenul clinic şi investigaţiile paraclinice.<br />

Summary<br />

In this study we assessed the role of anamnesis as a<br />

particularly valuable and important stage of evaluation of<br />

child’s neurological maturity and neurological diagnosis.<br />

The stages of cerebral palsy’s (CP) diagnosis in the child<br />

with perinatal cerebral injuries were presented: examination<br />

of posture and <strong>de</strong>velopmental reflexes, tonus disor<strong>de</strong>rs<br />

associated with motor <strong>de</strong>ficit, <strong>de</strong>velopment of motor<br />

abilities, communication disor<strong>de</strong>rs, presence of convulsive<br />

paroxysmal phenomena, mental retardation, strabismus,<br />

nystagmus, auditory <strong>de</strong>ficits, behavior disor<strong>de</strong>rs, learning<br />

disor<strong>de</strong>rs, and concentration and attention <strong>de</strong>ficits. We<br />

observed that the assessment of child’s psychomotor<br />

<strong>de</strong>velopment between 0 and 3 years old would allow us<br />

to <strong>de</strong>termine the level of maturation of CNS. The positive<br />

diagnosis of CP would be established in corroboration<br />

with anamnesis, clinical examination and paraclinical<br />

investigations.<br />

Резюме<br />

В работе была оценена роль анамнеза как очень<br />

важный этап в оценке развития ЦНС и подтверждения<br />

диагноза. Были сформулированы этапы диагностики<br />

ДЦП у ребенка с перинатальным поражением головного<br />

мозга: наблюдение позы и рефлексов развития, нарушение<br />

тонуса в ассоциации с двигательным дефицитом,<br />

развитие двигательных способностей, расстройство<br />

общения, присутствие пароксизмальных конвульсивных<br />

феноменов, задержка нервно-психического развития,<br />

нарушение зрения, косоглазие, нистагм, дефицит<br />

слуховых реакций, поведенческие расстройства, дефицит<br />

внимания и плохая концентрация. Было установлено,<br />

что наблюдение психомоторного развития ребенка<br />

в период от 0 до 3 лет позволит оценить степень созревания<br />

центральной нервной cистемы. Положительный<br />

диагноз ДЦП определяется при совмещении анамнеза,<br />

клинического осмотра и лабораторных исследований.

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