A Beginner's View of Our Electric Universe - New

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Astro-scientists interpret these plasma discharges as jets of gas that escape from sublimating ice under a comet’s surface. The facts tell us this is bunkum! Comet Hartley 2 (EPOXI) with plasma outbursts from its surface Credit: NASA JPL-Caltech UMD As comets continually circuit the Sun, the electrical machining events described gouge out craters and gullies to leave ridges and mesas on their surfaces. The material removed is ejected into space as dust and larger lumps of debris, pieces of which are destined to become some of the meteors we see entering Earth’s atmosphere. The amount of solid material removed would be impressive on our earthly scale. As their journey and this ‘surface sculpting’ process continues, the solid nuclei of comets are destined to eventually be machined away to dust. This is the same EDM process that our manufacturing industry uses today as a well understood technique for producing intricately machined metal parts through a controlled plasma discharge process [6-48b] . This process highlights proven technology that industry knows well and uses every day that can be directly associated with what we see taking place in space; the similarities are obvious. We must keep in mind that we have only been talking about comets here. However, as you will see, these same machining processes and discharge events can apply to all solid bodies in space, and it is especially interesting when we consider them in terms of the planets and moons of our own solar system. It seems that Mother Nature is a sculptress and her tools for that purpose are electrical. Some of the clear images we now have of rocky comet surfaces show bright glows along the sharply defined rims of craters. This makes electrical sense because high-points on a comet’s landscape are exactly where negative charges will collect and begin to ‘arc’ when the current density of the environment is powerful enough to force a slow but continuous discharge event - a bit like the process you may recall of smouldering paper when you blow on it and watch the glowing edges eat into the paper then turn to ash and fall away. In these better images we now receive, many of these ‘glowing outlines’ can be picked out for deeper analysis. Thinking more about this type of discharge, have you ever seen those electric bulbs that are supposed to look like a flickering flame? These bulbs are filled with neon gas, and in normal operation, the voltage across the two electrodes inside will rise to a point where the ionised gas in dark mode will switch to its glow mode state as the gas rapidly conducts some amount of current, as previously described. By this action the plasma gives off a red-orange glow while appearing to jump around, so the appearance is that of a flickering flame. 133 | The Electric Universe answers I see
This same ‘jumping around’ action of discharging plasma on a much larger scale is what occurs on the surface of comets when the discharges move from one raised sharp edge to another as the charge conditions around the comet itself change in response to the rotation of the comet nucleus, off-centre within its plasma sheath or coma. Comet Tempel 1 with discharges concentrating on sharp edges Credit: University of Maryland JPL-Caltech NASA As this process continues the surface material is stripped, atom by atom, to form gouges, gashes, craters, ridges and mountains, either as single features or in groups that are often seen to have overall patterns associated with them. All of these features now easily observed on comets and other solid bodies are due to electrical discharge and machining events. There is more to come about this surface sculpting process when we discuss the surfaces of the planets and moons of our solar system. Comets can actually be hot! Yes, I am afraid even NASA said this is the case in one of their 2002 articles [6-49] . In this article and on the basis of data received from the Deep Space 1 spacecraft mission, Dr. Laurence Soderblom of the U.S. Geological Survey’s Flagstaff, Arizona said … ‘The spectrum suggests that the surface is hot and dry. It is surprising that we saw no traces of water ice’. Then in the same article there is this quote by Dr. Bonnie Buratti, JPL planetary scientist and co-author of that article ... ‘Comet Borrelly is in the inner solar system right now, and it’s hot, between 26 and 71 degrees Celsius (80 and 161 degrees Fahrenheit), so any water ice on the surface would change quickly to a gas.’ … ‘As the components evaporate, they leave behind a crust, like the crust left behind by dirty snow.’ So, first they say it is hot and dry and there is no ice, then the analysis gets support from the old snowball story. This seems at best to highlight a lack of clarity in their ability to describe what has actually been found, and at worst, a level of confusion and lack of clear communication ability [6-50] . Some comets have been found to give off X-rays, a form of high-energy radiation that cannot be explained at all by the snowball model. Again, EU theory can provide an answer. We have already established how electrons are stripped from the comet nucleus. When this happens they are accelerated by the strong electric field at the boundary of the comet's coma from where they go on to collide with solar wind protons. This process can cause radiation including X-rays to be generated. We have technology here on Earth that generates X-rays for scientific research and medical purposes, where one important method for this involves a device known as a ‘Synchrotron’, the radiation produced being referred to as synchrotron radiation [6-51] . 134 | The Electric Universe answers I see
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A Beginner’s View of Our Electric
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Contents Dedication Acknowledgement
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science book, this book will requir
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Dedication For my wife Nora, my swe
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Gerard, your eye for detail has bee
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Foreword I continue to be amazed at
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And so why should the theories behi
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After having spent a good deal of t
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In terms of what I felt I could do
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In addition, my desire is to by-pas
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Each and every one of these things
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He believed that by including dark
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They are further thought of as star
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White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, Pulsar
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Redshift [1-10] , in the context of
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We have all seen Craters [1-13] in
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Despite this being the case it seem
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There have of course been very impo
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Having reached this point with grav
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make. People are not born to be sci
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The process of nuclear fusion is no
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We looked earlier at dark energy as
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This is just not possible to reconc
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to the effects of assumed, colossal
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They have therefore failed on every
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Comets were first described in 1950
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“If the Earth’s orbit were repr
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What if this powerful process based
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One such very expensive experiment
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… Young stars have been found in
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In the normal state where everythin
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We will go back to our model of a s
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The four fundamental states of matt
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on how much of an ‘encouraging fo
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Dark Mode: (Low Energy) • • •
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If a hydrogen atom has its single e
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63 | Some basic theory that will he
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On the domestic scene, we often fin
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We experience two types of magnetis
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Getting back to electric currents a
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Here, the often powerful radiation
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This twisted form will come as no s
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These are all examples that involve
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• • • • • • • • Rad
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Helium is a gas with 2 protons and
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5 | The work of the honourable but
Page 94 and 95: Benjamin Franklin (1706 - 1790) was
Page 96 and 97: Birkeland’s name will be remember
Page 98 and 99: Here are some of Alfvén’s other
Page 100 and 101: Ralph E Juergens (1924 - 1979) [5-6
Page 102 and 103: This has been a look back into hist
Page 104 and 105: Donald E Scott. [5-11] is the third
Page 106 and 107: Many of these ‘star objects’ ap
Page 108 and 109: These variables are: regions of vas
Page 110 and 111: If a straight split of a star is ac
Page 112 and 113: There is one other item to highligh
Page 114 and 115: Producing planets and moons: I ment
Page 116 and 117: Here, it has been suggested that ju
Page 118 and 119: Given what has been said so far, go
Page 120 and 121: As development progressed in radio
Page 122 and 123: The way we do this today, however,
Page 124 and 125: Note that Nova is the name given to
Page 126 and 127: Is this a pipe-dream? I do not know
Page 128 and 129: Here is what this experiment infers
Page 130 and 131: This time, however, the types of ma
Page 132 and 133: Visually, it appears to us that bot
Page 134 and 135: that have no other significant valu
Page 136 and 137: In real life, a capacitor has two m
Page 138 and 139: The Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud
Page 140 and 141: As mentioned previously, comet Holm
Page 142 and 143: There are many other visual observa
Page 146 and 147: Asteroids and comets are fundamenta
Page 148 and 149: When meteoroids become meteors as t
Page 150 and 151: Geology thoughts: I have looked clo
Page 152 and 153: Just before the copper projectile s
Page 154 and 155: It seems once again that what was k
Page 156 and 157: We can closely inspect many craters
Page 158 and 159: Consider the ‘doctored’ image o
Page 160 and 161: The central peaks often seen inside
Page 162 and 163: Vast areas of the hemispheres of pl
Page 164 and 165: How is it that the small bodies of
Page 166 and 167: Monument Valley Arizona - Source Wi
Page 168 and 169: The similarities between this chasm
Page 170 and 171: ‘As seen in numerous counterparts
Page 172 and 173: It may therefore be NASA and ESA th
Page 174 and 175: These gullies have an almost errati
Page 176 and 177: Flat Top Mesa It may just be me, bu
Page 178 and 179: In terms of the job I originally se
Page 180 and 181: Given that these electrical process
Page 182 and 183: We need to find the more worthy sci
Page 184 and 185: important reason behind me writing
Page 186 and 187: And finally ... Why should any of t
Page 188 and 189: [1-13] Wikipedia article - “Impac
Page 190 and 191: Chapter Five References: [5-1] Kris
Page 192 and 193: [6-23] Wal Thornhill, “Mystery of
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[6-5 ] TPOD - “Meteor Crater in A
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