A Beginner's View of Our Electric Universe - New

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Asteroids and comets are fundamentally the same things, however, the typical locations and behaviour of asteroids is different from that of comets. The rubble strewn surface of asteroid Itokawa Credit: ISAS and JAXA Due to their locations and patterns of movement within the Sun’s heliosphere, asteroids do not have the same chance as comets to experience significant changes in voltage with respect to the solar wind. They are large, sometimes very large pieces of rock that drift around the Sun in locations usually very far away from Earth [6-52] . Occasionally, however, we do hear of some that pass by us at relatively close distances. Asteroid ‘2009 DD45’ at almost 150 feet across passed by at a distance of 45,000 miles in 2009, and asteroid ‘2004 FU162’ at around 20 feet across passed us by at 4,000 miles distance in 2004. No concrete evidence has been gathered about any large asteroids having struck the Earth in our recent recorded history, so it is understandable if we just accept, for now, that a large asteroid reaching the Earth’s surface will be a rare event indeed. However, we should always remember that humans have only been around for an extremely short time, so what do we really know about asteroids? Therefore on the face of things, there has been no actual opportunity for significant asteroid impact events ever to be recorded in scientifically acceptable terms. According to the EU model and just as with short-term comets, the place of origin of asteroids is out where violent electrical discharges during inter-planetary encounters have taken place in the past. In the long term, there remains potential for this to happen again, where undoubtedly, comets and asteroids would be products of those awesome events [6-53] . Asteroids range in size from a few metres to many kilometres and their typical speed of travel around the Sun is 40,000 miles per hour. It is notable that many asteroids have rubble-strewn surfaces that look to be in a real mess. Contrast this with the much smoother surfaces we see on comets where it is obvious there is no great amount of debris lying around. This observation has a plausible electrical explanation if we again consider the ‘scouring and cleaning effect’ that comets undergo when they are subjected to plasma discharge action. Asteroids, not being significantly different in electrical charge from their environment, will not undergo this process akin to ‘surface cleaning’ so they tend to retain items of rubble of all sizes. Again, we have a logical, simple explanation. 135 | The Electric Universe answers I see
Meteoroids: Think of these as being physically small and consisting of rock that often has a metallic content; they can even be as small as grains of sand. Meteoroids are precisely the same objects as Meteors and Meteorites, the only difference being ‘where’ they physically happen to be at any point in time. If ‘the object’ is out in space it is called a meteoroid; if it is passing through an atmosphere such as here on Earth then it is called a meteor; if it survives the journey through the atmosphere and hits the planet’s surface, then we call it a meteorite. Meteoroids seem to manifest within the solar system in a variety of ways. In terms of those we are aware of, some appear to have haphazard orbital patterns around the Sun with no obvious origin, others seem to travel predictably in groups and yet others due to their regularity, appear to be debris machined from comet surfaces when those bodies have previously entered the inner solar system on their predictable orbits. A meteor fireball - Credit: Robert Mikaelyan It is also possible for us to see that some meteoroids will have originated from planets and moons as their surfaces underwent catastrophic electric machining events in the past - here I think of the meteorite from Mars discovered in 1984 and labelled ‘ALH84001’ that led scientists to believe they had come across fossilised organic material that indicated life existed on Mars in times past [6-54] . The speed of these often tiny objects can vary from around 30,000mph to 200,000mph, and their collision speed with the Earth will vary greatly when we take into account the direction of travel of the Earth. This is where we have the Earth either moving into oncoming or relatively stationary meteor showers or moving away from showers that close in on us from behind our direction of travel. In both cases the speed of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun, which is approximately 67,000mph, would need to be taken into consideration. What then about a typical meteoroid’s electric charge? Being much smaller than comets but fundamentally behaving in the same way electrically, we can think of them as tiny rocks that are only able to hold a limited amount of electric charge, which they can take on and release very rapidly. Because of this, meteoroids will always have relatively insignificant levels of stored energy due to their small mass. Being at the low end on the electric energy storage scale, therefore, they will be subject to levels of internal and surface electric stress that will not be significantly powerful. Nevertheless, being charged bodies that travel through Earth’s ionosphere as they enter our atmosphere, their disintegration is often accompanied by bright electrical flashes. 136 | The Electric Universe answers I see
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A Beginner’s View of Our Electric
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Contents Dedication Acknowledgement
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science book, this book will requir
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Dedication For my wife Nora, my swe
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Gerard, your eye for detail has bee
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Foreword I continue to be amazed at
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And so why should the theories behi
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After having spent a good deal of t
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In terms of what I felt I could do
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In addition, my desire is to by-pas
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Each and every one of these things
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He believed that by including dark
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They are further thought of as star
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White Dwarfs, Neutron Stars, Pulsar
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Redshift [1-10] , in the context of
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We have all seen Craters [1-13] in
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Despite this being the case it seem
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There have of course been very impo
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Having reached this point with grav
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make. People are not born to be sci
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The process of nuclear fusion is no
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We looked earlier at dark energy as
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This is just not possible to reconc
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to the effects of assumed, colossal
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They have therefore failed on every
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Comets were first described in 1950
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“If the Earth’s orbit were repr
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What if this powerful process based
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One such very expensive experiment
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… Young stars have been found in
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In the normal state where everythin
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We will go back to our model of a s
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The four fundamental states of matt
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on how much of an ‘encouraging fo
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Dark Mode: (Low Energy) • • •
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If a hydrogen atom has its single e
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63 | Some basic theory that will he
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On the domestic scene, we often fin
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We experience two types of magnetis
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Getting back to electric currents a
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Here, the often powerful radiation
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This twisted form will come as no s
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These are all examples that involve
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• • • • • • • • Rad
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Helium is a gas with 2 protons and
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5 | The work of the honourable but
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Benjamin Franklin (1706 - 1790) was
Page 96 and 97: Birkeland’s name will be remember
Page 98 and 99: Here are some of Alfvén’s other
Page 100 and 101: Ralph E Juergens (1924 - 1979) [5-6
Page 102 and 103: This has been a look back into hist
Page 104 and 105: Donald E Scott. [5-11] is the third
Page 106 and 107: Many of these ‘star objects’ ap
Page 108 and 109: These variables are: regions of vas
Page 110 and 111: If a straight split of a star is ac
Page 112 and 113: There is one other item to highligh
Page 114 and 115: Producing planets and moons: I ment
Page 116 and 117: Here, it has been suggested that ju
Page 118 and 119: Given what has been said so far, go
Page 120 and 121: As development progressed in radio
Page 122 and 123: The way we do this today, however,
Page 124 and 125: Note that Nova is the name given to
Page 126 and 127: Is this a pipe-dream? I do not know
Page 128 and 129: Here is what this experiment infers
Page 130 and 131: This time, however, the types of ma
Page 132 and 133: Visually, it appears to us that bot
Page 134 and 135: that have no other significant valu
Page 136 and 137: In real life, a capacitor has two m
Page 138 and 139: The Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud
Page 140 and 141: As mentioned previously, comet Holm
Page 142 and 143: There are many other visual observa
Page 144 and 145: Astro-scientists interpret these pl
Page 148 and 149: When meteoroids become meteors as t
Page 150 and 151: Geology thoughts: I have looked clo
Page 152 and 153: Just before the copper projectile s
Page 154 and 155: It seems once again that what was k
Page 156 and 157: We can closely inspect many craters
Page 158 and 159: Consider the ‘doctored’ image o
Page 160 and 161: The central peaks often seen inside
Page 162 and 163: Vast areas of the hemispheres of pl
Page 164 and 165: How is it that the small bodies of
Page 166 and 167: Monument Valley Arizona - Source Wi
Page 168 and 169: The similarities between this chasm
Page 170 and 171: ‘As seen in numerous counterparts
Page 172 and 173: It may therefore be NASA and ESA th
Page 174 and 175: These gullies have an almost errati
Page 176 and 177: Flat Top Mesa It may just be me, bu
Page 178 and 179: In terms of the job I originally se
Page 180 and 181: Given that these electrical process
Page 182 and 183: We need to find the more worthy sci
Page 184 and 185: important reason behind me writing
Page 186 and 187: And finally ... Why should any of t
Page 188 and 189: [1-13] Wikipedia article - “Impac
Page 190 and 191: Chapter Five References: [5-1] Kris
Page 192 and 193: [6-23] Wal Thornhill, “Mystery of
Page 194 and 195: [6-5 ] TPOD - “Meteor Crater in A
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A Beginner's View of Our Electric Universe - New

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