The Babylonian World - Historia Antigua

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— Power, economy and social organisation in Babylonia — –––– (2002) ‘Royal Edicts of the Old Babylonian Period – Structural Background’, in Hudson and Van De Mieroop (eds) 2002: 139–161. Roth, M.T. (1994) ‘Mesopotamian Legal Transactions and the Laws of Hammurabi’, Chicago Kent- Law Review 71: 13–39. –––– (1995) Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor. Writings of the Ancient World. Society of Biblical Literature, vol. 6, Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press. Selz, G.J. (1999/2000) ‘“Wirtschaftskrise – Legitimationskrise – Staatskrise”. Zur Genese mesopotamischer Rechtsvorstellungen zwischen Planwirtschaft und Eigentumsverfassung’. Archiv für Orientforschung 46/47: 1–44. –––– (2001) ‘“Guter Hirte, Weiser Fürst” – Zur Vorstellung von Macht und zur Macht der Vorstellung im altmesopotamischen Herrschaftsparadigma’. Altorientalische Forschungen 28: 8–3. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag. –––– (2004) ‘“Wer sah je eine königliche Dynastie (für immer) in Führung!” Thronwechsel und gesellschaftlicher Wandel im frühen Mesopotamien als Nahtstelle von microstoria und longue durée’, in Sigrist, Ch. (ed.) Macht und Herrschaft, Alter Orient und Altes Testament 316. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag. Steinkeller, P. (2002) ‘Money-Lending Practices in Ur III Babylonia’, in Hudson and Van De Mieroop (eds) 2002: 109–137. Stol, M. (2004) ‘Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft in altbabylonischer Zeit’, in Charpin, Edzard and Stol 2004: 641–1027. Van De Mieroop, M. (1992) Society and Enterprise in Old Babylonian Nippur, Berliner Beiträge zum Vorderen Orient 12. Berlin: Reimer Verlag. van Driel, G. (1995) ‘Private or not so Private?’ in Cinquante-deux reflections sur le Proche-Orient Ancien – Festschrift Leon de Meyer, Mesopotamian History and Environment II: 181–191. Leuven: Peeters. –––– (1998) ‘Land in Ancient Mesopotamia: “That which remains undocumented does not exist”’, in Haring and de Maaijer (eds) 1998: 19–49. 287
CHAPTER TWENTY ARAMEANS AND CHALDEANS Environment and society Frederick Mario Fales At that time, the road of yore for going to Babylon, the cult-center of (Marduk), the Enlil of the gods, was not open; and the track was impassable. The country was a desert, where passage had long since become very arduous. The way was choked and without paths; where thorns, thistles, and scrub brush had taken over, it was impossible to go through. Lions and jackals roamed there in packs and frisked about like lambs . . . In that desert terrain, Aramean and Suteans – tent-dwellers, fugitives, thieves, and robbers – had come to dwell and made its road desolate. Long since, the settlements had fallen into ruin; on their (once) watered land, there were neither irrigation dikes nor furrows, and spiders spun their webs. Their flourishing meadows had lapsed from cultivation, their (formerly) irrigated land had been deprived of the sweet harvest song, and grain was cut off. Royal inscription of Sargon II, first edited by C. J. Gadd, Iraq 18 [1954], 192: vii 45–68 INTRODUCTION: THE SOURCES AND THE GENERAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND Territorial divisions and their wider implications – i.e. in which areas people live, what economic resources they have at their disposal, and how their territorial particularities affect their society and culture in general – still play a fundamental role in the history of Iraq at present, as may be deduced from the daily chronicles of war and peace of the last few years. It thus seems particularly fitting, within the framework of an overall investigation on ancient Babylonia, to draw attention to a specific case-study in environmental and social history together, such as is represented by the tribally based Arameans and Chaldeans of the first half of the first millennium BC. Historical information on these two population groups, which inhabited adjacent areas of the alluvial plain between the lower reaches of the Tigris and Euphrates, is available from two specific sets of sources in cuneiform discovered in the Assyrian capital cities Nineveh and Kalhu. The first set is represented by official sources of historiographic scope (chronicles ˘ and royal inscriptions). Specifically, the Assyrian royal inscriptions, which were couched in a literary language with epical overtones, 288
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THE BABYLONIAN WORLD As the layers
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THE BABYLONIAN WORLD Edited by Gwe
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* Translation is on p. 591. Lebensa
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— Contents — 11 Food and drink
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ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURES 2.1 Sustaini
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— Illustrations — 10.7 Portrait
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CONTRIBUTORS Tzvi Abusch is Rose B
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— Contributors — Dominique Coll
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— Contributors — Frans van Kopp
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— Contributors — Eleanor Robson
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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Gwendolyn
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— Introduction — mid-second mil
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— Introduction — that ‘belong
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— Introduction — persisted in t
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— Introduction — who, at differ
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CHAPTER TWO THE WORLD OF BABYLONIAN
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— The world of Babylonian country
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CHAPTER THREE LAND AND LAND USE The
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— Land and land use — past cons
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— Land and land use — Figure 3.
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— Land and land use — December.
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— Land and land use — districts
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— Land and land use — however,
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— Land and land use — BIBLIOGRA
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— Land and land use — ---- 2001
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— Agricultural techniques — Fig
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— Agricultural techniques — Fig
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— Agricultural techniques — Oth
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— Agricultural techniques — wit
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— Agricultural techniques — The
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— Agricultural techniques — Pet
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— Urban form in the first millenn
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CHAPTER SIX ARCHITECTURE IN THE OLD
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— Architecture in the Old Babylon
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CHAPTER SEVEN BABYLONIAN SEALS 1 D
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— Babylonian seals — (a) (b) (c
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— Babylonian seals — Figure 7.6
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— Babylonian seals — ruler he s
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1 1 — Babylonian seals — An ext
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1 1 — Babylonian seals — Figure
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— Babylonian seals — mostly cor
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— Babylonian seals — MacGinnis,
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— Babylonian sources of exotic ra
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CHAPTER NINE CLOTH IN THE BABYLONIA
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— Cloth in the Babylonian World
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CHAPTER TEN THE BABYLONIAN VISUAL I
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— The Babylonian visual image —
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sˇūkil akalu sˇiqi kurunnu eris
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— Food and drink in Babylonia —
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PART III ECONOMIC LIFE 185
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— Johannes Renger — stands in c
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— Johannes Renger — eventually
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— Johannes Renger — fertility o
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— Johannes Renger — utensils ma
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— Johannes Renger — BIBLIOGRAPH
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CHAPTER THIRTEEN THE OLD BABYLONIAN
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— Anne Goddeeris — of the craft
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— Anne Goddeeris — silver could
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— Anne Goddeeris — waves during
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— Anne Goddeeris — SOME CHARACT
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— Anne Goddeeris — could consis
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CHAPTER FOURTEEN ASPECTS OF SOCIETY
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— Frans van Koppen — its territ
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— Frans van Koppen — Figure 14.
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— Frans van Koppen — The durati
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— Frans van Koppen — for many b
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— Frans van Koppen — provincial
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— Frans van Koppen — BIBLIOGRAP
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CHAPTER FIFTEEN THE BABYLONIAN ECON
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— Michael Jursa — cereal farmin
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— Michael Jursa — were determin
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— Michael Jursa — main point of
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— Michael Jursa — Given these b
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— Michael Jursa — of Joannès 2
Page 259 and 260: CHAPTER SIXTEEN THE EGIBI FAMILY C
Page 261 and 262: — Cornelia Wunsch — aside every
Page 263 and 264: — Cornelia Wunsch — of a hired
Page 265 and 266: — Cornelia Wunsch — Figure 16.1
Page 267 and 268: — Cornelia Wunsch — qa = 3600 n
Page 269 and 270: — Cornelia Wunsch — The committ
Page 272: PART IV SOCIETY AND POLITICS 249
Page 275 and 276: — Petr Charvát — Figure 17.1 S
Page 277 and 278: — Petr Charvát — In warfare th
Page 279 and 280: — Petr Charvát — Early Dynasti
Page 281 and 282: — Petr Charvát — their obligat
Page 283 and 284: — Petr Charvát — NOTES 1 Coope
Page 285 and 286: — Petr Charvát — 97 On them cf
Page 287 and 288: — Petr Charvát — Rehm, Ellen 2
Page 289 and 290: — Walther Sallaberger — Figure
Page 291 and 292: — Walther Sallaberger — Babylon
Page 293 and 294: — Walther Sallaberger — (Maul 2
Page 295 and 296: — Walther Sallaberger — of good
Page 297 and 298: — Walther Sallaberger — the bes
Page 299 and 300: CHAPTER NINETEEN POWER, ECONOMY AND
Page 301 and 302: — Gebhard J. Selz — Figure 19.1
Page 303 and 304: — Gebhard J. Selz — influence o
Page 305 and 306: — Gebhard J. Selz — Mesopotamia
Page 307 and 308: — Gebhard J. Selz — and loan. N
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Page 313 and 314: — Frederick Mario Fales — and c
Page 315 and 316: — Frederick Mario Fales — level
Page 317 and 318: — Frederick Mario Fales — Figur
Page 319 and 320: — Frederick Mario Fales — Babyl
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Page 323 and 324: — Laura D. Steele — experiences
Page 325 and 326: — Laura D. Steele — Babylonian
Page 327 and 328: — Laura D. Steele — Figure 21.1
Page 329 and 330: — Laura D. Steele — Figure 21.2
Page 331 and 332: — Laura D. Steele — as large as
Page 333 and 334: — Laura D. Steele — Babylonian
Page 335 and 336: — Laura D. Steele — novel but l
Page 337 and 338: — Laura D. Steele — Dandamaev,
Page 339 and 340: — Laura D. Steele — ---- (1995b
Page 342 and 343: CHAPTER TWENTY-TWO THE ROLE AND FUN
Page 344 and 345: — The role and function of goddes
Page 356 and 357: — Inanna and Ishtar in the Babylo
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— Inanna and Ishtar in the Babylo
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— The Babylonian god Marduk — E
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— The Babylonian god Marduk — i
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— The Babylonian god Marduk — T
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— The Babylonian god Marduk — t
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— The Babylonian god Marduk — 7
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— The Babylonian god Marduk — B
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CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE DIVINATION CULT
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— Divination culture and the hand
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CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX WITCHCRAFT LITER
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— Witchcraft literature in Mesopo
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CHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN INCANTATIONS W
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— Incantations within Akkadian me
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— Letters in the Amorite world
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— Mathematics, metrology and prof
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who ‘generously bestowed upon [th
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— Babylonian lists of words and s
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CHAPTER THIRTY-ONE GILGAMESH AND TH
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— Gilgamesh and the literature of
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— Mesopotamian astral science —
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CHAPTER THIRTY-THREE LATE BABYLONIA
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— Late Babylonian intellectual li
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PART VII INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Ba
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— David A. Warburton — both Egy
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— David A. Warburton — But thes
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Table 34.1 Middle Babylonian period
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— David A. Warburton — forces i
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— David A. Warburton — of Esarh
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— David A. Warburton — but such
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— David A. Warburton — contrast
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— David A. Warburton — set off
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— Trevor Bryce — Figure 35.1 Th
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— Trevor Bryce — in the region
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— Trevor Bryce — But for the re
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— Trevor Bryce — an acrimonious
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— Trevor Bryce — king Kashtilia
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— Trevor Bryce — Gasche, H., Ar
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— P. S. Vermaak — In our presen
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— P. S. Vermaak — The spelling
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— P. S. Vermaak — Nippur (moder
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— P. S. Vermaak — such as Ugari
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— P. S. Vermaak — Brown, S. (19
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— P. S. Vermaak — ---- and Vida
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— Hannes D. Galter — 2000 BCE,
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— Hannes D. Galter — The reason
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— Hannes D. Galter — Figure 37.
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— Hannes D. Galter — Figure 37.
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— Hannes D. Galter — Mesopotami
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— Hannes D. Galter — new lord o
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— Hannes D. Galter — ---- 2006
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— Baruch A. Levine — Biblical l
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— Baruch A. Levine — presented
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— Baruch A. Levine — Among othe
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— Baruch A. Levine — the word o
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— Baruch A. Levine — when the c
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— Baruch A. Levine — as coming
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— Baruch A. Levine — punishment
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— Baruch A. Levine — The prophe
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— Baruch A. Levine — Habakkuk
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— Baruch A. Levine — The same c
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CHAPTER THIRTY-NINE THE PERSIAN EMP
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— Amélie Kuhrt — Figure 39.1 D
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— Amélie Kuhrt — Memphis, in L
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— Amélie Kuhrt — by Jews. Neig
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— Amélie Kuhrt — by the king,
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— Amélie Kuhrt — dress, elabor
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— Amélie Kuhrt — The one autho
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— Amélie Kuhrt — C. Waerzegger
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ancestor cult 270, 281 Andarig 401
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cuneiform: tablets 1, 54; writing 9
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gift exchange 272-3, 491, 511 Gilga
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leaching 57-8 lead 127 leeks 46 len
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omens 253, 299, 303, 361-71, 373, 3
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soil 55; cultivation 57; improvemen
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Zabalam 18, 268 Zagros mountains 12
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