The North Atlantic Fisheries, 1100-1976 - University of Hull

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the King’s salter was able to buy large amounts of herring, and probably the fishery was thriving, but around 1655 the market was depressed again. 345 In addition to the main export from Aalborg the direct sales from small towns and villages like Nibe, Mou and Hals possibly meant that the Limfiord in the best years around 1650 had a total export of 60,000 barrels. Table 2. Exports from Aalborg of barrels of spring herring (recorded years, 1652-1769) 1652 54,900 1706 47,072 1662 6,480 1754 17,696 1667 2,800 1755 36,176 1670 8,586 1756 12,992 1671 8,954 1757 21,584 1672 11,013 1673 18,843 1769 5,696 1674 15,497 1675 19,904 1676 18,556 1677 12,523 1678 14,216 Source: Poulsen, Aalborg Bys Historie III and Lybecker, Forsøg til nogle... From 1690, the fisheries picked up again. 346 In 1706 48% of a total of 53,000 barrels of salted herring went to the domestic market, only 9% to 345 Poulsen, Aalborg Bys Historie, 248-49. 346 E. Ladewig Petersen, Dansk social historie III, 150-4. 194
Norway and 43% abroad, mainly to Lübeck and Gothenburg. Later, when the Swedish government imposed a tax of 4 rix-dollars per barrel, 347 the Swedish trade suffered. Dried herring, about 1,800 barrels, went exclusively for the domestic market, while uncured fresh herring was sold exclusively to Sweden. The latter trade was very small, only amounting to 153 rix-dollars or about 120 barrels. Nevertheless, the trade became the object of considerable friction. 348 The buyers of uncured herring arrived in ballast in March every year from south Halland and north Scania. The customs accounts for 1732-34 show that the boats were a very conspicuous element in the harbour, even though they accounted for no more than 8-9 % of total exporting tonnage. As the boats were quite small, every sixth arrival was Swedish. 349 The Aalborg merchants tried to prohibit the trade in an effort to force the Swedes to buy cured fish. When the Swedish herring fishery off the coast of Bohuslän (formerly Båhuslen) developed after 1756, the Aalborg trade stopped. 350 Even worse, the Limfiord herring catches dropped, so that by the last quarter of the eighteenth century Danish writers much deplored the state of the Danish herring fisheries. They could only watch with envy as the herring fisheries of Bohuslän experienced an unprecedented boom. The other Danish fisheries of the period are hardly worth mentioning. The once thriving fishing town of Skagen reached its low water mark with a much reduced population living in absolute poverty. The West Jutland fisheries now exported little to Hamburg and North Germany, and the few hundred fishermen fished mainly for barter with the surrounding countryside. 351 Fisheries in North Zealand were not much better; the fishermen complained bitterly of Swedish competition when the Bohuslän fisheries began, and certainly the number of boats in Gilleleje declined from eighteen to seven between 1760 and 1785. The reports to Chancellor Oeder in 1771 bristle with suggestions as to how to counter Swedish competition, the main obstacle to progress in the fisheries. Only in 1774 did the government issue a protectionist measure 347 Chr. M. Olrik, Afhandling om Aalborgs Handel (Copenhagen, 1773) 156. 348 Olrik, Afhandling, 237. 349 A. Monrad Møller, Fra galeoth til galease (Esbjerg, 1981) 105, 116. 350 C. Klitgaard, Aalborg Købmænd gennem 500 Aar (Aalborg, 1931) 113-14. 351 Holm, Hjerting. 195
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The North Atlantic Fisheries, 1100-
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Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseets Studies
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Contents Jón Th.Thór with Kjartan
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north of the latitude of the Bay of
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eighteenth century when the Newfoun
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truck-system only two generations a
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history of fishing plays an importa
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available except for the very last
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Little has sofar been written on th
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has an emphasis on the life and wor
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scholarly research and only few con
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(Neskaupsstaður, 1983) Gíslason,
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Snæfellsnesi, Suðurnesjum og í V
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pattern of European economic develo
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Basques fished in the Atlantic and
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salt cod. Other sources, however, s
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in Tvøroyri, which in the 1920s be
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Nowadays the Danish term “klipfis
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transport by sea, if not daily then
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immediate post-war years, when the
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production capacity of all the fish
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heimskríggj. Eitt søguligt yvirli
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Lafto, Thorolf, ‘Fiskhandel’. K
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Whaling in the Faroe Islands, 1584-
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Pilot and bottlenose whaling has al
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Table 1 Number er of pilot whales c
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Sometimes, the pods of long-finned
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were soon established. In 1897 a se
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The Faroe Islands are placed far aw
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Joensen, J. P. ‘The Pilot Whale i
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The Greenland Fishery before 1914 S
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even more marked for the ordinary F
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The result of Norwegian pressure wa
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Greenland. The Lagting decided on 1
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1930/31 Patursson repeated the main
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All the major elements in the Faroe
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and the Home Secretary promised Par
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1) In recognition of the concession
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In 1938 the Fishery Committee of th
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the existing and future utilization
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seriously. The issue was given more
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Lagtingstidende, 1914-1940 (The pri
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Table III. Faroese Fisheries, 1917-
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variation. Several place names bear
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and the use of unpublished sources
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Greenland a whole world of comparis
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Industrial Plants in 1959 Besides C
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1990s. Due to expansion in other oc
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a) The transition in Southern Green
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Nolsøe, Karl, ‘Færøsk fiskeri
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Dutch Fisheries: An Historiographic
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The Infrastructure for Research on
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Years’ War (1586-1648) and the im
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The catch of cod and haddock has ne
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were active in the herring fishery.
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In 1719 the States General forbade
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15 lasts. Its average crew was abou
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H.A.H. Boelmans Kranenburg and J.P.
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The Sea Fisheries of the British Is
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qualitative and uncorroborated, the
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fishing is clearly apparent in refe
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the percentage was possibly higher.
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across large expanses of sea. Moreo
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This sudden contraction was of some
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in English and Welsh ports is avail
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eyond the means of the inland urban
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A similar pattern of incremental in
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crofting communities of the highlan
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oceanographers might well provide h
Page 143 and 144: R N W Robinson, ‘The English Fish
Page 145 and 146: Norwegian Fisheries 1100-1970 Main
Page 147 and 148: ejected. The new social and economi
Page 149 and 150: In this early phase of commercial f
Page 151 and 152: common contention of historians tha
Page 153 and 154: The area which was dominated to the
Page 155 and 156: heavier competition on the fish mar
Page 157 and 158: and Lofoten reclaimed its pre-emine
Page 159 and 160: Russian sailing merchants from the
Page 161 and 162: experiment during a deep economic c
Page 163 and 164: In the cod fisheries, conflict was
Page 165 and 166: of the century, the number fell rap
Page 167 and 168: Nordlandene (Oslo, 1993) Klepp, Asb
Page 169 and 170: Fisheries in Western Sweden c1650-1
Page 171 and 172: From the older, printed and non-pri
Page 173 and 174: (National Archives) is the so calle
Page 175 and 176: Statistics - some examples Table I.
Page 177 and 178: Catches and Manpower in the Danish
Page 179 and 180: 300,000 barrels from the Sound and
Page 181 and 182: The wealth of monasteries around th
Page 183 and 184: In order to assess the magnitude of
Page 185 and 186: herring trade was to be challenged.
Page 187 and 188: fisheries off the Scaw and other sm
Page 189 and 190: which had been founded on a forbidd
Page 191 and 192: good years around 1617-22. 334 Evid
Page 193: from the fish trade to concentrate
Page 197 and 198: decade of the century did fishermen
Page 199 and 200: districts are rounded sums). Howeve
Page 201 and 202: decades the anchor seine was allowe
Page 203 and 204: By 1995, the fishing industry seems
Page 205 and 206: state G.F.C. Oeder will eventually
Page 207 and 208: Contributors Bertil Andersson, PhD,
Page 209 and 210: Statistical data on Dutch fishery:
Page 211 and 212: Economische Zaken en Arbeid, 1933-1
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