The North Atlantic Fisheries, 1100-1976 - University of Hull

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Table III. Faroese Fisheries, 1917-1938 The boat fisheries Cod Other fish Total boat fishery Sloop and boat fisheries, total Year ,000 kg ,000 DKK ,000 DKK ,000 DKK ,000 DKK 1938 1,795 217 126 343 7,010 1937 1,987 217 46 263 6,283 1936 865 103 197 300 5,113 1935 1,194 149 203 352 6,239 1934 1,362 186 72 258 6,293 1933 1,638 212 32 244 6,360 1932 3,203 314 97 411 5,011 1931 1,060 101 39 140 5,848 1930 1,585 251 35 286 7,834 1929 1,369 218 38 256 8,264 1928 2,944 434 58 492 7,562 1927 4,670 564 51 615 5,369 1926 3,635 489 18 507 5,860 1925 4,266 1,106 69 1175 7,963 1924 2,875 590 28 618 7,509 1923 2,837 401 43 444 5,673 1922 1,545 250 87 337 7,444 1921 3,408 711 - 711 7,552 1920 5,305 1,566 18 1584 8,010 1919 10,084 2,737 116 2853 13,131 1918 10,459 2,526 9 2535 10,051 1917 7,962 1,520 12 1532 4,561 88
Fishing by the Greenlanders Axel Kjær Sørensen Introduction This paper deals with the commercial fisheries conducted by Greenlanders in their territorial waters during the twentieth century. It will provide a brief outline of the development of this native fishery, focusing on the research undertaken into this subject. The commercial fisheries started in 1910 and grew to be Greenland’s most important export industry by the mid-twenties. Cod was the most important species. Its arrival in Greenland waters was caused by a rise in water temperature in about 1915 which continued until the mid-sixties. Previous research has produced a fairly good account of such topics as the magnitude of the catch, number of fishermen and boats involved, and processing facilities. We also know something in broad terms about official policy towards the fisheries. Our knowledge is based on official records kept in the archives and to a great extent printed in yearly reports, but is scanty in the socio-economic field as well as in the socio-cultural field. More information can be generated by asking new questions of the known material. In particular, research in the archives of local and central authorities will probably bring forth new and more detailed evidence about policy and its implementation. Up to the Second World War The Greenlanders have always fished to provide for their own needs. In traditional Greenlandic society fishing was held in low esteem. It was an occupation for old men no longer capable of hunting, and for women and children who had lost their breadwinner. Three species of fish played an important role. Ammassat (capelin), which came in huge shoals close to the coast in the early summer to spawn, were caught with big landing nets, dried on the rocks, and used as dog fodder and emergency food in winter time. Nipisat (lumpsucker), which came close to the coast in the early spring, were caught for the sake of their roe. Kapitsillit (Atlantic salmon) were caught in the summer in streams and were a welcome diet 89
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The North Atlantic Fisheries, 1100-
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Fiskeri- og Søfartsmuseets Studies
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Contents Jón Th.Thór with Kjartan
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north of the latitude of the Bay of
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eighteenth century when the Newfoun
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truck-system only two generations a
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history of fishing plays an importa
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available except for the very last
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Little has sofar been written on th
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has an emphasis on the life and wor
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scholarly research and only few con
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(Neskaupsstaður, 1983) Gíslason,
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Snæfellsnesi, Suðurnesjum og í V
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pattern of European economic develo
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Basques fished in the Atlantic and
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salt cod. Other sources, however, s
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in Tvøroyri, which in the 1920s be
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Nowadays the Danish term “klipfis
Page 38 and 39: transport by sea, if not daily then
Page 40 and 41: immediate post-war years, when the
Page 42 and 43: production capacity of all the fish
Page 44 and 45: heimskríggj. Eitt søguligt yvirli
Page 46 and 47: Lafto, Thorolf, ‘Fiskhandel’. K
Page 49 and 50: Whaling in the Faroe Islands, 1584-
Page 51 and 52: Pilot and bottlenose whaling has al
Page 53 and 54: Table 1 Number er of pilot whales c
Page 55 and 56: Sometimes, the pods of long-finned
Page 57 and 58: were soon established. In 1897 a se
Page 59 and 60: The Faroe Islands are placed far aw
Page 61: Joensen, J. P. ‘The Pilot Whale i
Page 64 and 65: The Greenland Fishery before 1914 S
Page 66 and 67: even more marked for the ordinary F
Page 68 and 69: The result of Norwegian pressure wa
Page 70 and 71: Greenland. The Lagting decided on 1
Page 72 and 73: 1930/31 Patursson repeated the main
Page 74 and 75: All the major elements in the Faroe
Page 76 and 77: and the Home Secretary promised Par
Page 78 and 79: 1) In recognition of the concession
Page 80 and 81: In 1938 the Fishery Committee of th
Page 82 and 83: the existing and future utilization
Page 84 and 85: seriously. The issue was given more
Page 86 and 87: Lagtingstidende, 1914-1940 (The pri
Page 90 and 91: variation. Several place names bear
Page 92 and 93: and the use of unpublished sources
Page 94 and 95: Greenland a whole world of comparis
Page 96 and 97: Industrial Plants in 1959 Besides C
Page 98: 1990s. Due to expansion in other oc
Page 101 and 102: a) The transition in Southern Green
Page 103 and 104: Nolsøe, Karl, ‘Færøsk fiskeri
Page 105 and 106: Dutch Fisheries: An Historiographic
Page 107 and 108: The Infrastructure for Research on
Page 109 and 110: Years’ War (1586-1648) and the im
Page 111 and 112: The catch of cod and haddock has ne
Page 113 and 114: were active in the herring fishery.
Page 115 and 116: In 1719 the States General forbade
Page 117 and 118: 15 lasts. Its average crew was abou
Page 119 and 120: H.A.H. Boelmans Kranenburg and J.P.
Page 121 and 122: The Sea Fisheries of the British Is
Page 123 and 124: qualitative and uncorroborated, the
Page 125 and 126: fishing is clearly apparent in refe
Page 127 and 128: the percentage was possibly higher.
Page 129 and 130: across large expanses of sea. Moreo
Page 131 and 132: This sudden contraction was of some
Page 133 and 134: in English and Welsh ports is avail
Page 135 and 136: eyond the means of the inland urban
Page 137 and 138: A similar pattern of incremental in
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crofting communities of the highlan
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oceanographers might well provide h
Page 143 and 144:
R N W Robinson, ‘The English Fish
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Norwegian Fisheries 1100-1970 Main
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ejected. The new social and economi
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In this early phase of commercial f
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common contention of historians tha
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The area which was dominated to the
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heavier competition on the fish mar
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and Lofoten reclaimed its pre-emine
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Russian sailing merchants from the
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experiment during a deep economic c
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In the cod fisheries, conflict was
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of the century, the number fell rap
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Nordlandene (Oslo, 1993) Klepp, Asb
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Fisheries in Western Sweden c1650-1
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From the older, printed and non-pri
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(National Archives) is the so calle
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Statistics - some examples Table I.
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Catches and Manpower in the Danish
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300,000 barrels from the Sound and
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The wealth of monasteries around th
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In order to assess the magnitude of
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herring trade was to be challenged.
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fisheries off the Scaw and other sm
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which had been founded on a forbidd
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good years around 1617-22. 334 Evid
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from the fish trade to concentrate
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Norway and 43% abroad, mainly to L
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decade of the century did fishermen
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districts are rounded sums). Howeve
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decades the anchor seine was allowe
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By 1995, the fishing industry seems
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state G.F.C. Oeder will eventually
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Contributors Bertil Andersson, PhD,
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Statistical data on Dutch fishery:
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Economische Zaken en Arbeid, 1933-1
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