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examples; see his collected articles in Studies on the Ottoman Architecture of the Balkans (Hampshire, Great Britain, 1990). Also note that it was the Sons of Mihal * who built up the complex of the Seyyid Gazi shrine and some other "heterodox" sites in that area. Hayreti * , an Àlevi * poet of the early sixteenth century from Gianitsa, spent most of his life with his patrons among frontier lords, inducting the Sons of Mihal * and Yahya * ; see M. Cavusoglu * and A. Tanyeri, intro. to Hayretî, Dîvan (Istanbul, 1981), xi-xv. 63. According to Ebu'l-hayr * , the compiler, Cem would rather listen to the stories of Sari * Saltuk * than those of the Hamzaname * cycle. While this implies at one level a preference of "Turkish" over "Arab" heroes, it should also be read as an affinity felt for a more familiar geography and "history" since the Saltukname * focuses on the spiritual and military conquest of the Balkans, which was of course the legacy and continued concern of the Ottomans in the fifteenth century. To the extent that it is a "Turkish-Arab" dichotomy, one should recognize that this is not necessarily a question of ethnic stock as such identities are understood in our time. Sari * Saltuk * is identified in the beginning as a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad * through the line of the earliest Muslim warriors that were engaged in Byzantine Anatolia. 64. Saltukname * , ed. Akalin, 2:241-44. 65. Also see Köprülü, "Anadolu Selçuklulari Tarihinin Yerli Kaynaklari," 437 (translated in The Seljuks of Anatolia, 47-48). 66. That Cem had some political ambitions as early as 1473, when he ordered the compilation of the Saltukname * , also emerges from Angiolello's report of a rather obscure incident. According to the Vicentine page, who was in Ottoman service from 1470 to 1483, there was an attempt to enthrone Cem while his father was on campaign in eastern Anatolia against Akkoyunlu Uzun Hasan * . The exact nature of the incident can be elucidated only after further research, but there can be little doubt that the Conqueror took the matter seriously; he put Cem's advisors to death upon his return. See I. Ursu, ed., Historia Turchescha (1300-1514) (Bucharest, 1909), 48. 67. V.L. Ménage ("Edirne'li Rûhî," 313-14) points out that Ruhi's * chronicle in fact breaks off at the point where Selim's * victory looks inevitable. In his La fondation , S. Yerasimos has already underlined the role of Edirne in the resistance to Mehmed's * imperial project, on the basis of a number of works, including the Saltukname * (207-10). 68. Mesaìru's-suèra * of Àsik * Çelebi, cited in A. S. Levend, Gazavât-nâmeler ve Mihal-oglu * Ali Bey'in Gazavât-nâmesi (Ankara, 1956), 196. Epilogue The Creation of an Imperial Political Technology and Ideology 1. An Anonymous Greek Chronicle, 59-60. ― 193 ― Selected Bibliography Sources Àbdul-kerim b. Musa . Makalat-i Seyyid Harun . Edited by Cemal Kurnaz. Ankara, 1991. Supersedes earlier edition by Ç. Uluçay in Belleten 10 (1940):749-78. 'Abdu'l-vasi Çelebi. "Der vasf-i ceng-i Sultan Mehemmed ba Musa vü hezimet-i Musa ." From his Halilname (wr. 1414). Edited by Ayhan Guldas , in "Fetret 168
Devri'ndeki Sehzadeler Mücadelesini Anlatan Ilk Manzum Vesika," Türk Dünyast Arastirmalari 72(June 1991):99-110. al-Aksarayi , Karim al-Din Mahmud . Müsâmarat al-ahbar wa musayarat al-ahyar . Edited, with notes, by Osman Turan, in Müsâmeret ül-ahbâr: MogollarZama-ninda Türkiye Selçuklulari Tarihi (Ankara, 1944). Anagnostis, Johannis. Selânik (Thessaloniki)'in Son Zapti Hakkinda Bir Tarih: Sultan II. Murad Dönemine Ait Bir Bizans Kaynagi . Translated by Melek Delilbasi . Ankara, 1989. Angiolello, Giovanni Maria. Historia Turchescha (1300-1514). Edited by I. Ursu. Bucharest, 1909. Ursu attributes the text to Donado da Lezze. Anonymous. Tevarih-iAl-iÒsman . TSK, M.R. 700. Modern Turkish transliteration by N. Azamat (Istanbul, 1992). ———. Die altosmanischen anonymen Chroniken: Tevârîh-i Âl-i Òsmân. Edited and translated by F. Giese. Part 1, Text and Variants. Breslau, 1922. Part II, Translation. Leipzig, 1925. [Oxford] Anonymous. Bodleian Library, Marsh 313. Published as "Rûhî Târîhi," with facsimile and transcription, by H. E. Cengiz and Y. Yücel in Belgeler 14-18 (1989-92): 359-472. Àsikpasazade [Dervis Ahmed ]. Menakibü Tevarih-iAl-iÒsman . (1) Critical edition by F. Giese, Die altosmanische Chronik des Àsikpasazade (Leipzig, 1929). (2) Edition by N. Atsiz in Osmanli Tarihleri (Istanbul, 1947). (3) Vom Hirtenzelt zur Hohen Pforte: Frühzeit und Aufstieg des Osmanenreiches nach der ― 194 ― Chronik "Denkwürdigkeiten und Zeitläufe des Hauses Òsman" vom Derwisch Ahmed, genannt 'Asik-Pasa-Sohn . Translated (based on the Berlin MS), with notes, by Richard F. Kreutel (Graz, 1959). Àziz ibn Ardasir Astarabadi . Bazm u Razm. Edited by M. F. Köprülü. Istanbul, 1928. Abbreviated translation into German by Heinz Helmut Giesecke, in Das Werk des Àzizibn ArdasirAstarabadi : Eine Quelle zur Geschichte des Spät-mittelalters in Kleinasien (Leipzig, 1940). Beldiceanu-Steinherr, Irène, ed. Recherches sur les actes des règnes des sultans Osman, Orkhan et Murad I. Munich, 1967. Cananus, Ioannes. De Constantinopolis Obsidione. Edited and translated by Emilio Pinto. Messina, 1977. Cezbi . Vilayetname-i Seyyid ÀliSultan . Ankara Cebeci Il Halk Library, MS 1189. Danismendname . Edited and translated by I. Mélikoff, in La geste de Melik Danismend , 2 vols. (Paris, 1960). Dedem Korkudun Kitabi. Edited by O. S . Gökyay. Istanbul, 1973. English translation by G. Lewis, Book of Dede Korkut (Middlesex, England, 1974). Dushan's Code: The Fourteenth Century Code of Serbian Tsar, Stephan Dushan: The Bistritza Transcript. 2d ed., introduction and translation by Durica Krstic. Belgrade, 1989. Ebu'l-hayr-i Rumi . Saltukname . (1) Facsimile edition of TSK, H. 16 12 by F. Iz , 6 vols. (Cambridge, Mass., 1986). (2) Critical edition by S . H. Akalin in 3 vols.: vol. 1 (Ankara, 1988); vol. 2 (Istanbul, 1988); vol. 3 (Ankara, 1990). 169
Page 1 and 2:
Between Two Worlds Preferred Citati
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like "origins," "genealogy," and "s
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University's Near Eastern Studies D
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Orhan dies, and Murad I succeeds hi
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tradition has been noted before and
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sought the alliance of the Byzantin
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of Political turbulences. The early
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he went and told the story to the s
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cohesion and drive, the realm they
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different political tendencies trie
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to strike coins, issue endowment de
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1413-21) and Murad II (r. 1421-44,
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― 21 ― Muslims and reverted to
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post-Ottoman nation-states of the B
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institutions or did they create the
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carved by the very same people who
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― 31 ― son thought so highly of
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One of his radically novel assertio
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Underlining the growth of trade and
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gazis, warriors of the faith, who s
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time. Furthermore, we should note t
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however, believes that the Iskender
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Zoroastrian.[37] In addition to thi
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It is time now to go over the gaza
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values" could be anything more than
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least recognized an intermediate ca
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― 55 ― My point here is not to
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the bourgeoisie simply by studying
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existence.[2] The only pieces of wr
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popularity, such as the Àntarname
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century. We must also note, however
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― 68 ― turn. Grabbing her lance
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emperor Kantakouzenos (1341-55) and
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attitudes or gestures. Not that suc
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Ottoman central authorities in the
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Àrif Çelebi, the Mevlevi , releas
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― 80 ― strategy?[57] In a world
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origins might well serve as a metap
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construct of a settled civilization
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― 87 ― chronicles relate that a
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warriors, tribes, and holy men can
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claim to the glorious deeds of the
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dominant Ottoman state in the latte
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elatively more "establishment" view
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should a fortiori reflect an earlie
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surviving contender to the throne i
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Ottoman historical writing of the f
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not, it is not surprising that the
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therefore not only were uninhibited
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states. ― 111 ― Two aspects of
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esentment of the gazi circles that
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major story in Ottoman chronicles,
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Èek deveyi güt koyunu Bir gün ol
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difference from the other principal
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the chronicles attribute gaza raids
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Byzantines and the Mongols, and eve
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or had been, associated with the Ch
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was getting ready for what promised
Page 117 and 118: also be seen to embody a compact of
Page 119 and 120: emirates of the region in the 1330s
Page 121 and 122: successive cases of unigeniture as
Page 123 and 124: ― 140 ― present earlier than de
Page 125 and 126: Osman. Their resentment goes at lea
Page 127 and 128: levels must have changed over time
Page 129 and 130: who was no less than a descendant o
Page 131 and 132: whose establishment spelled the end
Page 133 and 134: enterprises and of the Ottoman poli
Page 135 and 136: ABI. H. Uzuncarsili . Anadolu Beyli
Page 137 and 138: Faruk Sümer, ¡ abanlu Pazari: Sel
Page 139 and 140: eve of the Mantzikert victory, bene
Page 141 and 142: ed. Gary Leiser (Albany, 1992). 19.
Page 143 and 144: 40. Akdag * , Týrkiye'nin Iktisadi
Page 145 and 146: 66. On human sacrifice, see Vryonis
Page 147 and 148: 64-65. Note that the horse is of ev
Page 149 and 150: Hellenism, 372; on Elvan * Çelebi
Page 151 and 152: control. While they may have evolve
Page 153 and 154: 85. Ibn Àrabshah * , Tamerlane, 17
Page 155 and 156: eginning of the sixteenth century w
Page 157 and 158: Greek Population of Istanbul and th
Page 159 and 160: Imparatorlugunda * Bir Iskan * ve K
Page 161 and 162: Constantinople relates that he was
Page 163 and 164: the majority of the Karakeçili wer
Page 165 and 166: though Giese's theory is farfetched
Page 167: 49. See the excellent study of E. Z
Page 171 and 172: Manâkib-i Hünkâr Bektas-iVeli (I
Page 173 and 174: ———. Baciyan-i Rum (Anadolu S
Page 175 and 176: Erzi, Adnan. "Osmanli Devletinin Ku
Page 177 and 178: ———. The Ottoman Empire, 1300
Page 179 and 180: Andronicus II, 1282-1328. Cambridge
Page 181 and 182: Ann Arbor, 1977. Runciman, Steven.
Page 183 and 184: 26(1951):483-88. Woods, John. The A
Page 185 and 186: Angiolello, Giovanni Maria, 191 n66
Page 187 and 188: Bazin, Louis, 186 n13 Bedreddin 143
Page 189 and 190: conversions to Islam, 10 -11, 19 -4
Page 191 and 192: Safavids and, 141 ; and schoolmen,
Page 193 and 194: culture, 61 , 62 , 64 , 84 , 89 , 1
Page 195 and 196: and chronicles, 13 , 33 , 44 , 98 ;
Page 197 and 198: identities, 190 -91; explanatory va
Page 199 and 200: Laiou, Angeliki E., 188 n38 Lamprec
Page 201 and 202: Mugiseddin 77 Muhammad 63 , 94 , 11
Page 203 and 204: ― 218 ― Orhan (continued) (1324
Page 205 and 206: Paphlagonia, 35 , 130 , 134 Pazarlu
Page 207 and 208: and dream legend, 133 ; and gaza54
Page 209 and 210: Toktagu Khan 45 trade, 126 ; routes
Page 211: gaza85 -88, 111 -12; Ottoman ventur
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