The Global Innovation Index 2012

Key indicators
population (millions) .................................................................................... 5.4
GDp per capita, ppp$ ........................................................................... 48,597.7
GDp (uS$ billions) ..................................................................................... 358.1
Score (0–100)
or value (hard data) rank
Global Innovation Index 2012 (out of 141)......................... 44.4 37
Innovation Output Sub-Index ........................................................................................... 33.6 51
Innovation Input Sub-Index .............................................................................................. 55.2 28
Innovation Efficiency Index ................................................................................................. 0.6 121
Global Innovation Index 2011 (out of 125) .............................................................................. 34
GII 2012 rank among GII 2011 economies (125) ...................................................................... 36
1 Institutions ....................................................69.6 40
1.1 Political environment ............................................................69.8 45
1.1.1 Political stability*....................................................................................85.2 24
1.1.2 Government effectiveness* ............................................................61.5 36
1.1.3 Press freedom* ........................................................................................62.8 87
1.2 Regulatory environment .......................................................79.9 36
1.2.1 Regulatory quality* ..............................................................................61.5 56
1.2.2 Rule of law* ...............................................................................................58.0 48
1.2.3 Cost of redundancy dismissal, salary weeks ...........................8.0 1 l
1.3 Business environment ...........................................................59.2 47
1.3.1 Ease of starting a business* ............................................................74.1 37
1.3.2 Ease of resolving insolvency* ...........................................................6.4 131
1.3.3 Ease of paying taxes* ..........................................................................97.1 5 l
2 Human capital & research ..........................53.3 23
2.1 Education ..................................................................................49.3 77
2.1.1 Current expenditure on education, % GNI .............................n/a n/a
2.1.2 Public expenditure/pupil, % GDP/cap ........................................8.3 112
2.1.3 School life expectancy, years .........................................................13.3 64
2.1.4 PISA scales in reading, maths, & science .............................459.5 38
2.1.5 Pupil-teacher ratio, secondary ......................................................12.4 53
2.2 Tertiary education ..................................................................56.9 8 l
2.2.1 Tertiary enrolment, % gross ............................................................30.4 73
2.2.2 Graduates in science & engineering, % ..................................27.3 16
2.2.3 Tertiary inbound mobility, % ..........................................................39.2 2 l
2.2.4 Gross tertiary outbound enrolment, % ......................................3.6 23
2.3 Research & development (R&D) ..........................................53.8 15
2.3.1 Researchers, headcounts/mn pop. ..............................................n/a n/a
2.3.2 Gross expenditure on R&D, % GDP ..............................................n/a n/a
2.3.3 Quality of scientific research institutions† ............................53.8 38
3 Infrastructure................................................55.0 17
3.1 Information & communication technologies (ICT) ........69.7 17
3.1.1 ICT access* .................................................................................................67.6 32
3.1.2 ICT use* .......................................................................................................51.2 25
3.1.3 Government’s online service* .......................................................86.3 9 l
3.1.4 E-participation*.......................................................................................73.7 11 l
3.2 General infrastructure ...........................................................69.3 2 l
3.2.1 Electricity output, kWh/cap .................................................. 17,878.6 3 l
3.2.2 Electricity consumption, kWh/cap ................................... 17,295.9 1 l
3.2.3 Quality of trade & transport infrastructure* .........................70.3 17
3.2.4 Gross capital formation, % GDP ...................................................25.3 40
3.3 Ecological sustainability .......................................................25.9 92
3.3.1 GDP/unit of energy use, 2000 PPP$/kg oil eq .......................2.0 116
3.3.2 Environmental performance*........................................................50.9 74
3.3.3 ISO 14001 environmental certificates/bn PPP$ GDP ........2.7 36
4 Market sophistication .................................42.5 55
4.1 Credit .........................................................................................31.1 65
4.1.1 Ease of getting credit* .......................................................................38.7 72
4.1.2 Domestic credit to private sector, % GDP .............................72.5 46
4.1.3 Microfinance gross loans, % GDP .................................................n/a n/a
United Arab Emirates
4.2 Investment ................................................................................25.2 68
4.2.1 Ease of protecting investors* .........................................................22.3 100
4.2.2 Market capitalization, % GDP.........................................................47.6 43
4.2.3 Total value of stocks traded, % GDP ..........................................28.5 31
4.2.4 Venture capital deals/tr PPP$ GDP .............................................11.5 44
4.3 Trade & competition ..............................................................71.2 23
4.3.1 Applied tariff rate, weighted mean, % ........................................3.7 62
4.3.2 Non-agricultural mkt access weighted tariff, % ....................2.4 121
4.3.3 Imports of goods & services, % GDP ........................................68.8 24
4.3.4 Exports of goods & services, % GDP .........................................77.9 16
4.3.5 Intensity of local competition† ....................................................76.7 18
5 Business sophistication ..............................55.6 16
5.1 Knowledge workers ................................................................63.1 35
5.1.1 Knowledge-intensive employment, % ....................................36.1 29
5.1.2 Firms offering formal training, % firms ......................................n/a n/a
5.1.3 R&D performed by business, % ......................................................n/a n/a
5.1.4 R&D financed by business, % ..........................................................n/a n/a
5.1.5 GMAT mean score ..............................................................................502.1 75
5.1.6 GMAT test takers/mn pop. 20–34 ...............................................54.1 76
5.2 Innovation linkages ...............................................................68.7 2 l
5.2.1 University/industry research collaboration† ........................53.4 35
5.2.2 State of cluster development† .....................................................58.9 19
5.2.3 R&D financed by abroad, % ..............................................................n/a n/a
5.2.4 JV–strategic alliance deals/tr PPP$ GDP ..............................147.8 7 l
5.2.5 PCT patent filings with foreign inventor, % .......................100.0 1 l
5.3 Knowledge absorption ..........................................................34.8 71
5.3.1 Royalty & license fees payments/th GDP .................................n/a n/a
5.3.2 High-tech imports less re-imports, % .........................................7.3 80
5.3.3 Computer & comm. service imports, % ....................................n/a n/a
5.3.4 FDI net inflows, % GDP .........................................................................1.3 100
6 Knowledge & technology outputs ...........18.7 110
6.1 Knowledge creation ...............................................................28.2 56
6.1.1 Domestic resident patent ap/bn PPP$ GDP ..........................n/a n/a
6.1.2 PCT resident patent ap/bn PPP$ GDP ........................................0.1 60
6.1.3 Domestic res utility model ap/bn PPP$ GDP ........................n/a n/a
6.1.4 Scientific & technical articles/bn PPP$ GDP ............................1.1 109
6.2 Knowledge impact .................................................................27.7 91
6.2.1 Growth rate of PPP$ GDP/worker, % .........................................-1.4 110
6.2.2 New businesses/th pop. 15–64 ......................................................n/a n/a
6.2.3 Computer software spending, % GDP ........................................0.1 62
6.2.4 ISO 9001 quality certificates/bn PPP$ GDP ..........................14.8 36
6.3 Knowledge diffusion ................................................................ 0.3 138
6.3.1 Royalty & license fees receipts/th GDP......................................n/a n/a
6.3.2 High-tech exports less re-exports, %...........................................0.1 108
6.3.3 Computer & comm. service exports, % ....................................n/a n/a
6.3.4 FDI net outflows, % GDP ....................................................................n/a n/a
7 Creative outputs ..........................................48.5 20
7.1 Creative intangibles ...............................................................70.8 4 l
7.1.1 Domestic res trademark reg/bn PPP$ GDP ............................n/a n/a
7.1.2 Madrid resident trademark reg/bn PPP$ GDP ......................n/a n/a
7.1.3 ICT & business model creation† ..................................................68.7 20
7.1.4 ICT & organizational model creation† .....................................72.9 7 l
7.2 Creative goods & services .....................................................23.0 63
7.2.1 Recreation & culture consumption, % ........................................2.2 79
7.2.2 National feature films/mn pop. 15–69.......................................n/a n/a
7.2.3 Paid-for dailies, circulation/th pop. 15–69 ..........................180.0 27
7.2.4 Creative goods exports, % ..................................................................2.0 44
7.2.5 Creative services exports, % .............................................................n/a n/a
7.3 Online creativity ......................................................................29.2 51
7.3.1 Generic top-level domains (TLDs)/th pop. 15–69 ............11.0 47
7.3.2 Country-code TLDs/th pop. 15–69 ............................................40.6 46
7.3.3 Wikipedia monthly edits/mn pop. 15–69 ...........................804.7 72
7.3.4 Video uploads on YouTube/pop. 15–69 .................................61.2 56
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THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012 I: Country/Economy Profiles