The Global Innovation Index 2012

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372 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX <strong>2012</strong> II: Data Tables 5.1.4 GERD financed by business enterprise GERD: Financed by business enterprise (% of total) a | 2009 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 1 Malaysia (2006). ................... 84.49..........100.00.......... 1.00 l 2 Israel (2007) ....................... 79.48............94.07..........0.99 l 3 Japan (2008) .......................78.17 ............92.52.......... 0.98 l 4 Luxembourg (2007) ................76.01............89.97.......... 0.97 5 Korea, Rep. (2008) .................72.88............86.26..........0.96 6 China (2008) .......................71.74 ............84.91..........0.94 7 Switzerland (2008) .................68.19 ............80.71.......... 0.93 8 Finland. ............................68.10 ............80.60.......... 0.92 9 Germany (2008) ....................67.27 ............79.62.......... 0.91 10 United States of America (2008)....67.27 ............79.61..........0.90 11 Singapore (2008). ................. 63.48............75.13..........0.89 12 Philippines (2007) ..................61.96 ............73.33..........0.88 l 13 Australia (2008) ....................61.43 ............72.70..........0.87 14 Belgium (2007). ....................61.38 ............72.65..........0.85 15 Denmark. ..........................60.18 ............71.22..........0.84 16 Sweden ........................... 58.93............69.75..........0.83 17 Slovenia. ...........................57.98............68.63..........0.82 18 Malta. ..............................51.41 ........... 60.84.......... 0.81 19 Ghana (2007). .....................50.86............60.19..........0.80 l 20 Ireland ............................50.84............60.17.......... 0.79 21 France (2008) ......................50.74............60.06.......... 0.78 22 Iceland (2008). .................... 50.35............59.59.......... 0.76 23 Netherlands (2007). ...............48.79............57.75.......... 0.75 24 Thailand (2005) ...................48.65............57.58...........0.74 25 Portugal (2008) ...................48.08............56.90.......... 0.73 26 Canada. ............................47.47............56.19.......... 0.72 27 Hungary .......................... 46.43............54.95.......... 0.71 28 Czech Republic ................... 45.83............54.24.......... 0.70 29 Hong Kong (China). ............... 45.83............54.24..........0.69 30 United Kingdom (2010) ............45.42............53.76.......... 0.67 31 Norway (2007) .................... 45.25............53.56..........0.66 32 Italy (2008) .........................45.17 ............53.47..........0.65 33 Mexico (2007) ......................45.13 ............53.41..........0.64 34 Spain (2008). ......................44.95............53.20..........0.63 35 Brazil (2008) ....................... 43.88............51.94..........0.62 36 Chile (2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.73............51.76.......... 0.61 37 Austria (2010) ......................43.32............51.27..........0.60 38 South Africa (2007). ............... 42.66............50.50..........0.58 39 Turkey............................. 40.97............48.49..........0.57 40 New Zealand (2007)................40.14 ............47.51..........0.56 41 Croatia .............................39.79............47.09.......... 0.55 42 Estonia ............................ 38.42............45.47..........0.54 43 Latvia .............................36.89............43.67.......... 0.53 44 Kyrgyzstan (2005) .................36.38............43.06.......... 0.52 45 Lao PDR (2002). ................... 36.01............42.62.......... 0.51 l 46 Slovakia ............................35.11 ............41.55.......... 0.49 47 Romania .......................... 34.75............41.13..........0.48 48 India (2007) ........................33.92............40.15.......... 0.47 49 Greece (2005) ......................31.06 ............36.77..........0.46 50 Iran, Islamic Rep. (2008) ........... 30.92............36.59.......... 0.45 51 Bulgaria (2008) .................... 30.62............36.25..........0.44 52 Gabon ............................ 29.26........... 34.64.......... 0.43 53 Belarus ............................ 28.81............34.10.......... 0.42 54 Poland .............................27.10 ............32.07..........0.40 55 Russian Federation. ............... 26.59............31.47..........0.39 56 Argentina (2008) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.52............31.39..........0.38 57 Ukraine ........................... 25.90............30.66.......... 0.37 58 Azerbaijan .........................24.76............29.31..........0.36 59 Uruguay (2008) ................... 24.65............29.17.......... 0.35 60 Morocco (2006) ................... 22.70............26.87..........0.34 61 Lithuania. ..........................21.05 ............24.91.......... 0.33 62 Tunisia ............................ 20.03............23.71.......... 0.31 63 Sri Lanka (2008) ....................19.89 ............23.54..........0.30 64 Viet Nam (2002) ................... 18.06 ............21.38..........0.29 65 Cyprus (2008) ......................17.82 ............21.09..........0.28 66 Kenya (2007) ...................... 16.83 ............19.92..........0.27 67 Colombia ..........................16.12 ............19.08..........0.26 68 Bolivia, Plurinational St. (2002)..... 16.00 ............18.94..........0.25 69 Indonesia (2001) ...................14.69 ............17.39.......... 0.24 70 Kazakhstan. ........................13.55 ............16.03..........0.22 71 Burkina Faso .......................11.93 ............14.12.......... 0.21 72 Mali (2007) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10.10............11.95..........0.20 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 73 Ecuador (2008)......................8.53............10.10...........0.19 74 Serbia ...............................8.33.............9.86...........0.18 75 Uganda .............................8.23.............9.74...........0.17 76 Macedonia, FYR (2002) ..............7.79 .............9.22...........0.16 77 Senegal (2008) ......................4.04.............4.78...........0.15 78 Mongolia ...........................3.64.............4.31...........0.13 79 Lesotho .............................3.38.............4.00...........0.12 80 Costa Rica (2008)....................3.33.............3.94...........0.11 81 Albania (2008).......................3.26.............3.86...........0.10 82 Zambia (2008) ......................3.23.............3.82..........0.09 83 Kuwait ..............................2.33.............2.76..........0.08 84 Panama .............................2.23.............2.64.......... 0.07 85 Brunei Darussalam (2004) ...........1.58 .............1.87..........0.06 86 Tajikistan ............................1.08 .............1.28..........0.04 87 El Salvador (2008) ...................0.68.............0.81.......... 0.03 88 Paraguay (2008).....................0.25.............0.30.......... 0.02 89 Nigeria (2007) .......................0.16 .............0.19.......... 0.01 90 Moldova, Rep........................0.00.............0.00..........0.00 n/a Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Angola .............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Armenia............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Bahrain.............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Bangladesh ......................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Belize ............................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Benin ............................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Bosnia and Herzegovina ............ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Botswana ........................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Burundi ............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Cambodia........................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Cameroon .......................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Côte d’Ivoire ........................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Dominican Republic ................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Egypt ............................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Ethiopia ............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Fiji................................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Gambia ............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Georgia ............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Guatemala .......................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Guyana ............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Honduras ........................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Jamaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Jordan .............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Lebanon ............................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Madagascar......................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Malawi .............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Mauritius............................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Montenegro ........................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Mozambique........................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Namibia............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Nepal ............................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Nicaragua........................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Niger................................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Oman ............................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Pakistan............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Peru................................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Qatar................................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Rwanda ............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Saudi Arabia ........................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Sudan............................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Swaziland ........................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Syrian Arab Rep...................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Tanzania, United Rep. ............... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Trinidad and Tobago ................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a United Arab Emirates ............... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Uzbekistan .......................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. .......... n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Yemen .............................. n/a..............n/a...........n/a n/a Zimbabwe .......................... n/a..............n/a...........n/a SOURCE: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, UIS online database (2001–10)
5.1.5 GMAT mean score Weighted mean score at the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) by residency and by citizenship (weighted by the total numbers of test takers) a | 2011 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 1 Argentina ........................603.57..........100.00.......... 1.00 l 2 New Zealand.....................600.87............98.96..........0.99 l 3 Singapore........................596.31 ............97.20..........0.99 4 Uruguay ..........................595.16 ............96.76.......... 0.98 l 5 China ............................595.01............96.70.......... 0.97 l 6 Australia .........................590.50............94.96..........0.96 l 7 United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586.10 ............93.27..........0.96 8 Bulgaria ..........................585.55............93.05.......... 0.95 l 9 Hungary .........................583.80............92.38..........0.94 l 10 Korea, Rep. ....................... 583.10 ............92.11..........0.94 11 Latvia ............................581.36 ............91.44.......... 0.93 l 12 India .............................580.58............91.14.......... 0.92 l 13 Spain.............................578.77............90.45.......... 0.91 l 14 Czech Republic .................. 578.13 ............90.20.......... 0.91 l 15 Malta.............................578.00............90.15..........0.90 16 Romania ......................... 576.16 ............89.44..........0.89 l 17 Slovakia ..........................575.86............89.32..........0.88 l 18 Belgium.......................... 574.95 ............88.97..........0.88 19 Hong Kong (China)...............574.00 ............88.61..........0.87 20 Austria ...........................573.00........... 88.22..........0.86 21 Slovenia..........................567.00 ............85.91..........0.86 22 Mauritius.........................566.79............85.83..........0.85 23 Germany .........................565.49............85.33..........0.84 24 Brazil .............................563.85............84.70..........0.83 l 25 France ...........................562.50............84.18..........0.83 26 Russian Federation...............562.21........... 84.06..........0.82 27 Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .561.11 ............83.64.......... 0.81 28 Switzerland ......................560.99............83.59.......... 0.81 29 Estonia ...........................560.88............83.55..........0.80 30 Lithuania.........................560.00............83.21.......... 0.79 31 Luxembourg .....................559.30............82.94.......... 0.78 32 Belarus ...........................558.83............82.76.......... 0.78 33 Canada........................... 557.62............82.30..........0.77 34 Chile .............................556.61............81.91.......... 0.76 35 Ireland ...........................554.60............81.13.......... 0.76 36 Peru. .............................550.48............79.54.......... 0.75 l 37 Poland ...........................549.61 ............79.21...........0.74 38 Denmark.........................549.46............79.15.......... 0.73 39 Turkey............................ 547.45 ............78.38.......... 0.73 l 40 Japan ............................546.34............77.95.......... 0.72 41 Malaysia..........................545.93............77.79.......... 0.71 42 Iceland ...........................545.91............77.78.......... 0.71 43 Tunisia ...........................544.60............77.28.......... 0.70 44 Azerbaijan .......................543.54............76.87..........0.69 l 45 Ukraine ..........................543.52............76.87..........0.68 46 Moldova, Rep.....................542.94............76.64..........0.68 47 Netherlands...................... 542.13 ............76.33.......... 0.67 48 Portugal .........................536.61............74.20..........0.66 49 Madagascar......................533.00............72.81..........0.65 l 50 Kyrgyzstan .......................532.35............72.56..........0.65 51 Cyprus ...........................532.21............72.51..........0.64 52 Philippines ........................531.61 ............72.28..........0.63 53 United States of America.........529.36............71.41..........0.63 54 Greece ........................... 527.53 ............70.70..........0.62 55 Brunei Darussalam ...............526.00............70.11.......... 0.61 56 Georgia ..........................525.72............70.01..........0.60 57 Costa Rica........................524.00............69.34..........0.60 58 Viet Nam ......................... 521.32 ............68.31.......... 0.59 59 Paraguay......................... 519.00............67.42..........0.58 60 Iran, Islamic Rep. ................. 518.70 ............67.30..........0.58 61 Morocco ..........................517.27 ............66.75..........0.57 62 Serbia ............................ 515.82 ............66.19..........0.56 63 Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .514.41 ............65.65.......... 0.55 64 Uzbekistan .......................513.86 ............65.44.......... 0.55 65 Indonesia .........................513.47 ............65.29..........0.54 66 Sweden ...........................513.01 ............65.11.......... 0.53 67 Norway .......................... 512.39 ............64.87.......... 0.53 68 Colombia ........................508.98............63.56.......... 0.52 69 Guatemala ....................... 507.98............63.17.......... 0.51 70 Finland............................507.78............63.09..........0.50 71 Pakistan..........................507.64 ............63.04..........0.50 l 72 Mexico ...........................505.09............62.06.......... 0.49 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 73 El Salvador .......................504.96............62.01..........0.48 74 Thailand .........................503.81............61.57.......... 0.47 75 United Arab Emirates ............ 502.10 ............60.91.......... 0.47 76 Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. .......499.85........... 60.04..........0.46 77 Bangladesh ......................499.61............59.95.......... 0.45 78 Sri Lanka ..........................495.12 ............58.22.......... 0.45 79 Albania...........................492.57............57.24..........0.44 80 Zimbabwe .......................489.90............56.21.......... 0.43 81 Qatar.............................485.23............54.41.......... 0.42 82 Bosnia and Herzegovina .........484.90............54.28.......... 0.42 83 Lebanon .........................484.73............54.22...........0.41 84 Israel .............................484.51 ............54.13..........0.40 85 Croatia ...........................484.30............54.05..........0.40 86 Lesotho ..........................483.00............53.55..........0.39 87 Trinidad and Tobago .............481.04 ............52.80..........0.38 88 Kazakhstan....................... 476.76............51.14.......... 0.37 89 Bolivia, Plurinational St. .......... 475.92............50.82.......... 0.37 90 Honduras ........................473.61 ............49.93..........0.36 91 Macedonia, FYR ..................473.59............49.92.......... 0.35 92 South Africa......................472.02............49.32.......... 0.35 93 Mongolia ........................ 471.94 ............49.29..........0.34 94 Armenia.......................... 471.81 ............49.24.......... 0.33 95 Nepal ............................ 471.73 ............49.21.......... 0.32 96 Egypt ............................470.54............48.75.......... 0.32 97 Ecuador ..........................470.31 ........... 48.66.......... 0.31 98 Nicaragua........................ 467.52 ............47.58..........0.30 99 Senegal ...........................467.15 ............47.44..........0.29 100 Panama ..........................465.25............46.71..........0.29 101 Guyana ..........................465.23............46.70..........0.28 102 Benin ............................464.00........... 46.23..........0.27 103 Syrian Arab Rep................... 457.28 ............43.64..........0.27 104 Côte d’Ivoire ..................... 457.25............43.63..........0.26 105 Jamaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454.91............42.73..........0.25 106 Botswana ........................452.55............41.82.......... 0.24 107 Fiji................................448.00............40.07.......... 0.24 108 Cameroon ....................... 445.12 ............38.95..........0.23 109 Ghana............................ 437.88 ............36.17..........0.22 110 Burkina Faso .....................435.87............35.39..........0.22 111 Jordan ...........................435.02............35.06.......... 0.21 112 Nigeria ...........................434.82............34.99..........0.20 113 Ethiopia .......................... 431.78 ............33.82...........0.19 114 Dominican Republic ............. 431.09 ............33.55...........0.19 115 Kenya .............................427.32 ............32.10...........0.18 116 Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424.00............30.82...........0.17 117 Sudan............................423.50............30.63...........0.17 118 Belize ............................420.27............29.38...........0.16 119 Malawi ...........................420.00............29.28...........0.15 120 Swaziland ........................ 416.87 ............28.07...........0.14 121 Namibia.......................... 416.24 ............27.83...........0.14 122 Bahrain........................... 415.80 ............27.66...........0.13 123 Burundi .......................... 410.57 ............25.64...........0.12 124 Zambia ..........................409.91............25.39...........0.12 125 Oman ............................406.59............24.11...........0.11 126 Mali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.00............23.50...........0.10 127 Cambodia........................404.09............23.15..........0.09 128 Lao PDR..........................404.00............23.11..........0.09 129 Angola ...........................403.93............23.09..........0.08 130 Mozambique.....................398.20............20.88.......... 0.07 131 Gambia .......................... 397.00 ............20.42..........0.06 132 Gabon ...........................395.00............19.65..........0.06 133 Tanzania, United Rep. ............392.60............18.72..........0.05 134 Kuwait ...........................391.44 ............18.28..........0.04 135 Tajikistan .........................383.90............15.37..........0.04 136 Rwanda ..........................382.65............14.89.......... 0.03 137 Uganda ...........................381.17 ............14.32.......... 0.02 138 Yemen ...........................367.00 .............8.86.......... 0.01 139 Saudi Arabia .....................349.46.............2.10.......... 0.01 140 Niger.............................344.00.............0.00..........0.00 n/a Montenegro ........................ n/a..............n/a...........n/a SOURCE: Graduate Management Admission Council (GMAC) 373 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX <strong>2012</strong> II: Data Tables
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The Global Innovation Index 2012 St
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The Global Innovation Index 2012: S
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iv THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012
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vi THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012
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Foreword The Coherence Premium in I
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cONTrIBuTOrS Contributors to the Re
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Rankings
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Global Innovation Index rankings (c
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cHApTEr 1 The Global Innovation Ind
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The GII helps to create an environm
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4. The Innovation Efficiency Index
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Table 1: Global Innovation Index ra
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Table 2: Innovation Input Sub-Index
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Table 3: Innovation Output Sub-Inde
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Box 1: A spotlight on the United St
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Figure 2: Innovation Output Sub-Ind
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Malta is ranked 16th in the GII 201
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Figure 3: Global Innovation Index v
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Table 5a: Innovation Efficiency Ind
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Figure 4: GII scores v. GDP per cap
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Table 5c: Innovation Efficiency Ind
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Figure 5: Average scores for select
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performances on key indicators and
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pillars, however, place it among th
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eflect the situation of the countri
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PPP$ 3,354.8 Viet Nam has a very go
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6. Northern America continues to be
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Freeman, C., and L. Soete. 2007.
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44 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012
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cHApTEr 3 Academia-Industry Innovat
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Intel, Microsoft, Motorola, Nokia,
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Figure 2: Intermediary university-i
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the best combinations of foreign te
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cHApTEr 5 The Role of Coherent Link
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Figure 1: Innovation policy framewo
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which is good. However, the role of
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Box 1: Strengthening the innovation
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Figure 4: Conceptual framework for
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Box 2: Saudi Arabia: Linking innova
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cHApTEr 6 The Russian Federation: A
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Figure 2: Expenditure on technologi
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in pharmaceuticals, computers, tele
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financial sustainability, and the v
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ex-territorial innovation centre wi
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cHApTEr 7 Shaping the National Inno
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Table 1: Idea-to-market curve 1. po
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is around 8%—very low, even compa
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culture, environment, and economy.1
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13 See the Department of Biotechnol
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cHApTEr 8 An Integrated Policy Appr
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institutions in developing countrie
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egan to publish monographs on STI p
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cHApTEr 9 Broadband, Inevitable Inn
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Figure 1: Global ICT developments,
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Figure 3: Global fixed and mobile b
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Figure 4: Evolution of ICT-innovati
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cHApTEr 10 The Internet: An Unprece
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egularly update their pages and sha
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Google’s anti-SOPA page, resultin
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cHApTEr 11 We Are All Content Creat
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Table 1: Models of creative industr
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than any single major recording lab
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Pélissié du Rausas, M., J. Manyik
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Country/Economy Profiles I
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Page 343 and 344: THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012 II
Page 345 and 346: Index of Data Tables 1 Institutions
Page 347 and 348: 1.1.1 Political stability and absen
Page 349 and 350: 1.1.3 Press freedom Press freedom i
Page 351 and 352: 1.2.2 Rule of law Rule of law index
Page 353 and 354: 1.3.1 Ease of starting a business E
Page 355 and 356: 1.3.3 Ease of paying taxes Ease of
Page 357 and 358: 2.1.2 Public expenditure on educati
Page 359 and 360: 2.1.4 Assessment in reading, mathem
Page 361 and 362: 2.2.1 Tertiary enrolment School enr
Page 363 and 364: 2.2.3 Tertiary inbound mobility Ter
Page 365 and 366: 2.3.1 Researchers Researchers, head
Page 367 and 368: 2.3.3 Quality of scientific researc
Page 369 and 370: 3.1.2 ICT use ICT use index* | 2010
Page 371 and 372: 3.1.4 Online e-participation E-part
Page 373 and 374: 3.2.2 Electricity consumption Elect
Page 375 and 376: 3.2.4 Gross capital formation Gross
Page 377 and 378: 3.3.2 Environmental performance Env
Page 379 and 380: 4.1.1 Ease of getting credit Ease o
Page 381 and 382: 4.1.3 Microfinance institutions’
Page 383 and 384: 4.2.2 Market capitalization Market
Page 385 and 386: 4.2.4 Venture capital deals Venture
Page 387 and 388: 4.3.2 Market access for non-agricul
Page 389 and 390: 4.3.4 Exports of goods and services
Page 391 and 392: 5.1.1 Employment in knowledge-inten
Page 393: 5.1.3 GERD performed by business en
Page 397 and 398: 5.2.1 University/industry research
Page 399 and 400: 5.2.3 GERD financed by abroad GERD:
Page 401 and 402: 5.2.5 Share of patents with foreign
Page 403 and 404: 5.3.2 High-tech imports High-tech n
Page 405 and 406: 5.3.4 Foreign direct investment net
Page 407 and 408: 6.1.2 Patent Cooperation Treaty app
Page 409 and 410: 6.1.4 Scientific and technical jour
Page 411 and 412: 6.2.2 New business density New busi
Page 413 and 414: 6.2.4 ISO 9001 quality certificates
Page 415 and 416: 6.3.2 High-tech exports High-tech n
Page 417 and 418: 6.3.4 Foreign direct investment net
Page 419 and 420: 7.1.2 Madrid Agreement trademark re
Page 421 and 422: 7.1.4 ICT and organizational models
Page 423 and 424: 7.2.2 National feature films produc
Page 425 and 426: 7.2.4 Creative goods exports Creati
Page 427 and 428: 7.3.1 Generic top-level domains (gT
Page 429 and 430: 7.3.3 Wikipedia monthly edits Wikip
Page 431: Sources and Definitions III
Page 434 and 435: 412 1 Institutions THE GLOBAL INNOV
Page 436 and 437: 414 2 Human capital and research TH
Page 438 and 439: 416 3 Infrastructure (continued) TH
Page 440 and 441: 418 4 Market sophistication THE GLO
Page 442 and 443: 420 5 Business sophistication (cont
Page 444 and 445:
422 6 Knowledge and technology outp
Page 446 and 447:
424 7 Creative outputs (continued)
Page 449:
Technical Notes IV
Page 452 and 453:
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About the Authors V
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The Global Innovation Index 2012

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