The Global Innovation Index 2012

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328 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX <strong>2012</strong> II: Data Tables 1.2.1 Regulatory quality Regulatory quality index* a | 2010 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 1 Denmark. ...........................1.90..........100.00.......... 1.00 l 2 Hong Kong (China). .................1.89............99.73..........0.99 3 Finland. .............................1.84 ............98.36..........0.99 4 Singapore. ..........................1.80............97.49.......... 0.98 5 Netherlands. ........................1.79 ............97.26.......... 0.97 l 6 New Zealand. .......................1.79 ............97.18..........0.96 l 7 United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75 ............96.03..........0.96 8 Sweden .............................1.72 ............95.39.......... 0.95 9 Canada. .............................1.69 ............94.55..........0.94 10 Luxembourg ........................1.69 ............94.55..........0.94 11 Australia ............................1.66 ............93.79.......... 0.93 12 Ireland ..............................1.65 ............93.66.......... 0.92 13 Switzerland .........................1.65 ............93.66.......... 0.91 14 Germany ............................1.58 ............91.72.......... 0.91 15 Austria ..............................1.52 ........... 90.44..........0.90 16 Norway .............................1.48............89.34..........0.89 17 Estonia ..............................1.45............88.47..........0.89 18 Chile ................................1.44 ........... 88.34..........0.88 l 19 Malta................................1.42............87.82..........0.87 20 United States of America............1.42............87.74..........0.86 21 Cyprus ..............................1.37 ............86.57..........0.86 22 France ..............................1.34 ............85.70..........0.85 23 Belgium. ............................1.30 ............84.83..........0.84 24 Czech Republic .....................1.24 ............83.12..........0.84 25 Israel ................................1.22 ............82.58..........0.83 26 Spain. ...............................1.19 ............81.98..........0.82 27 Brunei Darussalam ..................1.11 ............80.01.......... 0.81 l 28 Hungary ............................1.05 ............78.51.......... 0.81 29 Slovakia .............................1.05 ............78.49..........0.80 30 Japan ...............................0.98............76.62.......... 0.79 31 Latvia ...............................0.98............76.54.......... 0.79 32 Lithuania. ...........................0.97............76.46.......... 0.78 33 Poland ..............................0.97............76.46..........0.77 34 Korea, Rep. ..........................0.91............74.93.......... 0.76 35 Iceland ..............................0.91............74.81.......... 0.76 36 Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.85............73.28.......... 0.75 37 Mauritius. ...........................0.85............73.24...........0.74 38 Portugal ............................0.82............72.51...........0.74 39 Bahrain. .............................0.77............71.32.......... 0.73 40 Slovenia. ............................0.75............70.86.......... 0.72 41 Romania ............................0.66............68.52.......... 0.71 42 Greece ..............................0.65............68.32.......... 0.71 43 Bulgaria .............................0.61 ............67.14.......... 0.70 44 Malaysia. ............................0.58............66.50..........0.69 45 Georgia .............................0.58............66.38..........0.69 46 Croatia ..............................0.56............66.01..........0.68 47 Qatar. ...............................0.54............65.48.......... 0.67 48 Costa Rica. ..........................0.51 ............64.59..........0.66 49 Oman ...............................0.51 ............64.58..........0.66 50 Trinidad and Tobago ................0.49............64.17..........0.65 51 Botswana ...........................0.47............63.71..........0.64 52 Peru. ................................0.45............63.20..........0.64 53 Panama .............................0.40............61.96..........0.63 54 Uruguay ............................0.40............61.90..........0.62 55 South Africa. ........................0.39............61.66.......... 0.61 56 United Arab Emirates ...............0.38............61.48.......... 0.61 57 Turkey...............................0.38............61.44..........0.60 58 El Salvador ..........................0.37............61.18.......... 0.59 59 Colombia ...........................0.31 ............59.50.......... 0.59 60 Jamaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.30............59.27..........0.58 61 Macedonia, FYR .....................0.28............58.90..........0.57 62 Mexico ..............................0.28............58.79..........0.56 63 Armenia. ............................0.28............58.78..........0.56 64 Jordan ..............................0.24............57.94.......... 0.55 65 Albania. .............................0.23............57.51..........0.54 66 Thailand ............................0.19 ............56.65..........0.54 67 Brazil ................................0.19 ............56.54.......... 0.53 68 Kuwait ..............................0.18 ............56.19.......... 0.52 69 Saudi Arabia ........................0.15 ............55.47.......... 0.51 70 Namibia. ............................0.14 ............55.30.......... 0.51 71 Ghana. ..............................0.09............54.03..........0.50 72 Lebanon ............................0.04............52.70.......... 0.49 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 73 Tunisia ............................–0.02............51.35.......... 0.49 74 Serbia .............................–0.02............51.24..........0.48 75 Montenegro ......................–0.06............50.20.......... 0.47 76 Bosnia and Herzegovina ...........–0.10 ............49.22..........0.46 77 Burkina Faso .......................–0.11 ............49.05..........0.46 78 Morocco ...........................–0.11 ........... 48.85.......... 0.45 79 Moldova, Rep.......................–0.12 ............48.78..........0.44 80 Kenya ..............................–0.13 ............48.51..........0.44 81 Uganda ............................–0.13 ............48.39.......... 0.43 82 Rwanda ............................–0.18 ............47.29.......... 0.42 83 Guatemala .........................–0.18 ............47.24...........0.41 84 Egypt ..............................–0.18 ............47.15...........0.41 85 Dominican Republic ..............–0.20........... 46.64..........0.40 86 Honduras .........................–0.20............46.55..........0.39 87 Sri Lanka ..........................–0.21............46.49..........0.39 88 China .............................–0.23............45.88..........0.38 89 Kyrgyzstan ........................–0.25............45.45.......... 0.37 90 Philippines ........................–0.26............45.03..........0.36 91 Senegal ...........................–0.27............44.78..........0.36 92 Mongolia .........................–0.28............44.58.......... 0.35 93 Kazakhstan........................–0.32............43.53..........0.34 94 Benin .............................–0.33............43.48..........0.34 95 Paraguay..........................–0.35............42.80.......... 0.33 96 Mozambique......................–0.37............42.45.......... 0.32 97 Nicaragua.........................–0.37............42.26.......... 0.31 98 Indonesia .........................–0.38............42.22.......... 0.31 99 India ..............................–0.39............41.77..........0.30 100 Gambia ...........................–0.39............41.75..........0.29 101 Russian Federation................–0.39............41.72..........0.29 102 Tanzania, United Rep. ............. –0.41 ............41.28..........0.28 103 Azerbaijan ........................–0.44............40.46..........0.27 104 Mali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.47............39.83..........0.26 105 Belize .............................–0.47............39.83..........0.26 106 Cambodia.........................–0.48............39.67..........0.25 107 Zambia ...........................–0.49............39.23.......... 0.24 108 Niger..............................–0.50............39.05.......... 0.24 109 Guyana ...........................–0.55............37.86..........0.23 110 Ukraine ...........................–0.55............37.77..........0.22 111 Malawi ............................–0.57............37.39.......... 0.21 112 Viet Nam ..........................–0.58............37.07.......... 0.21 113 Madagascar.......................–0.59............36.72..........0.20 114 Pakistan...........................–0.60............36.60...........0.19 115 Yemen ............................–0.60............36.50...........0.19 116 Gabon ............................–0.62............36.09...........0.18 117 Lesotho ...........................–0.62............36.00...........0.17 118 Swaziland .........................–0.65............35.25...........0.16 119 Fiji.................................–0.68............34.51...........0.16 120 Argentina .........................–0.69............34.24...........0.15 121 Cameroon ........................–0.72............33.55...........0.14 122 Nepal ............................. –0.74 ............32.92...........0.14 123 Nigeria ............................–0.78............31.95...........0.13 124 Bolivia, Plurinational St. ...........–0.82............30.96...........0.12 125 Bangladesh .......................–0.86............29.87...........0.11 126 Ethiopia ...........................–0.88............29.30...........0.11 127 Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.89............29.04...........0.10 128 Côte d’Ivoire ...................... –0.91............28.77..........0.09 129 Syrian Arab Rep....................–0.94............28.01..........0.09 130 Lao PDR............................–1.03 ............25.59..........0.08 131 Angola .............................–1.05 ............25.17.......... 0.07 132 Tajikistan ...........................–1.06 ............24.84..........0.06 133 Burundi ............................–1.14 ............22.91..........0.06 134 Ecuador ............................–1.15 ............22.67..........0.05 135 Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –1.15 ............22.61..........0.04 136 Belarus .............................–1.17 ............22.17..........0.04 137 Sudan..............................–1.36 ............17.19.......... 0.03 138 Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. .........–1.58 ............11.62.......... 0.02 139 Uzbekistan .........................–1.59 ............11.41.......... 0.01 140 Iran, Islamic Rep. ...................–1.61 ............10.94.......... 0.01 141 Zimbabwe ........................ –2.04.............0.00..........0.00 SOURCE: World Bank, World Governance Indicators 2010
1.2.2 Rule of law Rule of law index* a | 2010 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 1 Finland..............................1.97 ..........100.00.......... 1.00 l 2 Sweden .............................1.95 ............99.39..........0.99 l 3 Norway .............................1.93 ............98.79..........0.99 l 4 Denmark............................1.88............97.54.......... 0.98 l 5 New Zealand........................1.86............97.12.......... 0.97 l 6 Luxembourg ........................1.82 ............96.12..........0.96 7 Netherlands.........................1.81............95.70..........0.96 8 Austria ..............................1.80............95.36.......... 0.95 l 9 Canada..............................1.79 ............95.17..........0.94 10 Switzerland .........................1.78............94.90..........0.94 11 Australia ............................1.77 ............94.67.......... 0.93 12 United Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.77 ............94.66.......... 0.92 13 Ireland ..............................1.76............94.48.......... 0.91 14 Singapore...........................1.69 ............92.67.......... 0.91 15 Iceland ..............................1.69 ............92.64..........0.90 16 Germany ............................1.63............90.90..........0.89 17 United States of America............1.58 ............89.75..........0.89 18 Hong Kong (China)..................1.56 ............89.08..........0.88 19 France ..............................1.52 ............88.16..........0.87 20 Malta. ...............................1.48............86.97..........0.86 21 Belgium.............................1.40........... 84.84..........0.86 22 Japan ...............................1.31 ............82.57..........0.85 23 Chile ................................1.29 ............81.94..........0.84 l 24 Spain. ...............................1.19 ............79.41..........0.84 25 Cyprus ..............................1.19 ............79.25..........0.83 26 Estonia ..............................1.15 ............78.19..........0.82 27 Portugal ............................1.04 ............75.35.......... 0.81 28 Slovenia.............................1.02 ............74.84.......... 0.81 29 Korea, Rep. ..........................0.99............73.96..........0.80 30 Czech Republic .....................0.95............73.01.......... 0.79 31 Israel ................................0.88............70.98.......... 0.79 32 Qatar. ...............................0.87............70.75.......... 0.78 33 Mauritius............................0.84............70.07..........0.77 34 Latvia ...............................0.82............69.35.......... 0.76 35 Brunei Darussalam ..................0.80............68.87.......... 0.76 36 Hungary ............................0.78............68.35.......... 0.75 37 Lithuania............................0.76............67.90...........0.74 38 Uruguay ............................0.72............66.74...........0.74 39 Poland ..............................0.69............65.95.......... 0.73 40 Oman ...............................0.67............65.49.......... 0.72 41 Botswana ...........................0.66............65.33.......... 0.71 42 Greece ..............................0.62............64.05.......... 0.71 43 Slovakia .............................0.58............63.15.......... 0.70 44 Kuwait ..............................0.54............62.17..........0.69 45 Malaysia.............................0.51 ............61.28..........0.69 46 Costa Rica...........................0.50............61.05..........0.68 47 Bahrain..............................0.45............59.65.......... 0.67 48 United Arab Emirates ...............0.39............57.99..........0.66 49 Italy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .0.38............57.88..........0.66 50 Namibia.............................0.23............53.84..........0.65 51 Jordan ..............................0.22............53.56..........0.64 52 Croatia ..............................0.19 ............52.68..........0.64 53 Saudi Arabia ........................0.16 ............52.04..........0.63 54 Tunisia ..............................0.11 ............50.73..........0.62 55 Turkey...............................0.10 ............50.50.......... 0.61 56 South Africa.........................0.10 ............50.33.......... 0.61 57 Romania ............................0.05............49.06..........0.60 58 Brazil ................................0.00............47.80.......... 0.59 59 Montenegro ......................–0.02............47.35.......... 0.59 60 India ..............................–0.06............46.21..........0.58 61 Ghana.............................–0.07............45.84..........0.57 62 Bulgaria ...........................–0.08............45.62..........0.56 63 Sri Lanka ..........................–0.09............45.42..........0.56 64 Egypt ..............................–0.11 ........... 44.86.......... 0.55 65 Panama ............................–0.13 ........... 44.30..........0.54 66 Malawi .............................–0.14 ........... 44.06..........0.54 67 Morocco ...........................–0.19 ............42.83.......... 0.53 68 Thailand ..........................–0.20............42.56.......... 0.52 69 Georgia ...........................–0.21............42.20.......... 0.51 70 Burkina Faso ......................–0.21............42.07.......... 0.51 71 Trinidad and Tobago ..............–0.22............41.80..........0.50 72 Macedonia, FYR ...................–0.29............39.93.......... 0.49 rank country/Economy value Score (0–100) percent rank 73 Lesotho ...........................–0.30............39.83.......... 0.49 74 Rwanda ...........................–0.31 ............39.47..........0.48 75 Colombia .........................–0.33............38.93.......... 0.47 76 China .............................–0.35............38.55..........0.46 77 Bosnia and Herzegovina ..........–0.36............38.09..........0.46 78 Belize .............................–0.36............38.08.......... 0.45 79 Serbia .............................–0.39............37.43..........0.44 80 Moldova, Rep......................–0.40............37.16..........0.44 81 Uganda ...........................–0.40............37.05.......... 0.43 82 Senegal ........................... –0.41 ............37.01.......... 0.42 83 Mongolia .........................–0.43............36.46...........0.41 84 Albania............................–0.44............36.15...........0.41 85 Mali . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.46............35.53..........0.40 86 Armenia...........................–0.47............35.27..........0.39 87 Guyana ...........................–0.48............35.14..........0.39 88 Viet Nam ..........................–0.48............34.94..........0.38 89 Zambia ...........................–0.49............34.65.......... 0.37 90 Swaziland .........................–0.50............34.60..........0.36 91 Jamaica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.50............34.57..........0.36 92 Mozambique......................–0.50............34.48.......... 0.35 93 Tanzania, United Rep. .............–0.51 ............34.18..........0.34 94 Gambia ...........................–0.51 ............34.17..........0.34 95 Gabon ............................–0.51 ............34.15.......... 0.33 96 Syrian Arab Rep....................–0.54............33.39.......... 0.32 97 Philippines ........................–0.54............33.39.......... 0.31 98 Mexico............................–0.56............32.89.......... 0.31 99 Niger..............................–0.57............32.68..........0.30 100 Argentina .........................–0.58............32.48..........0.29 101 Peru............................... –0.61 ............31.48..........0.29 102 Kazakhstan........................–0.62............31.29..........0.28 103 Indonesia .........................–0.63............31.04..........0.27 104 Lebanon ..........................–0.66............30.18..........0.26 105 Benin .............................–0.73............28.35..........0.26 106 Ethiopia ...........................–0.76............27.72..........0.25 107 Algeria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.76............27.63.......... 0.24 108 Bangladesh .......................–0.77............27.37.......... 0.24 109 Russian Federation................–0.78............26.97..........0.23 110 Pakistan...........................–0.79............26.92..........0.22 111 Ukraine ...........................–0.80............26.43.......... 0.21 112 Dominican Republic ..............–0.81............26.35.......... 0.21 113 Nicaragua.........................–0.83............25.80..........0.20 114 Madagascar.......................–0.84............25.41...........0.19 115 Honduras .........................–0.87............24.66...........0.19 116 El Salvador ........................–0.87............24.65...........0.18 117 Azerbaijan ........................–0.88............24.34...........0.17 118 Lao PDR...........................–0.90............23.97...........0.16 119 Iran, Islamic Rep. ..................–0.90............23.85...........0.16 120 Fiji.................................–0.90............23.80...........0.15 121 Paraguay..........................–0.92............23.35...........0.14 122 Togo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.92............23.30...........0.14 123 Kenya ..............................–1.01 ............20.93...........0.13 124 Nepal ..............................–1.02 ............20.68...........0.12 125 Guatemala .........................–1.04 ............20.27...........0.11 126 Cameroon .........................–1.04 ............20.08...........0.11 127 Belarus .............................–1.05 ............20.02...........0.10 128 Yemen .............................–1.05 ............19.87..........0.09 129 Bolivia, Plurinational St. ............–1.06 ............19.51..........0.09 130 Cambodia..........................–1.09 ............18.91..........0.08 131 Ecuador ............................–1.17 ............16.83.......... 0.07 132 Tajikistan ...........................–1.20 ............16.03..........0.06 133 Nigeria .............................–1.21 ............15.78..........0.06 134 Burundi ............................–1.21 ............15.64..........0.05 135 Côte d’Ivoire .......................–1.22 ............15.46..........0.04 136 Angola .............................–1.24 ............14.77..........0.04 137 Kyrgyzstan .........................–1.29 ............13.50.......... 0.03 138 Sudan..............................–1.32 ............12.75.......... 0.02 139 Uzbekistan .........................–1.37 ............11.36.......... 0.01 140 Venezuela, Bolivarian Rep. .........–1.64 .............4.19.......... 0.01 141 Zimbabwe .........................–1.80 .............0.00..........0.00 SOURCE: World Bank, World Governance Indicators 2010 329 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX <strong>2012</strong> II: Data Tables
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The Global Innovation Index 2012 St
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The Global Innovation Index 2012: S
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iv THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012
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vi THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012
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Foreword The Coherence Premium in I
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cONTrIBuTOrS Contributors to the Re
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Rankings
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Global Innovation Index rankings (c
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cHApTEr 1 The Global Innovation Ind
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The GII helps to create an environm
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4. The Innovation Efficiency Index
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Table 1: Global Innovation Index ra
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Table 2: Innovation Input Sub-Index
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Table 3: Innovation Output Sub-Inde
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Box 1: A spotlight on the United St
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Figure 2: Innovation Output Sub-Ind
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Malta is ranked 16th in the GII 201
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Figure 3: Global Innovation Index v
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Table 5a: Innovation Efficiency Ind
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Figure 4: GII scores v. GDP per cap
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Table 5c: Innovation Efficiency Ind
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Figure 5: Average scores for select
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performances on key indicators and
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pillars, however, place it among th
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eflect the situation of the countri
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PPP$ 3,354.8 Viet Nam has a very go
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6. Northern America continues to be
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Freeman, C., and L. Soete. 2007.
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44 THE GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX 2012
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cHApTEr 3 Academia-Industry Innovat
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Intel, Microsoft, Motorola, Nokia,
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Figure 2: Intermediary university-i
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the best combinations of foreign te
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cHApTEr 5 The Role of Coherent Link
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Figure 1: Innovation policy framewo
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which is good. However, the role of
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Box 1: Strengthening the innovation
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Figure 4: Conceptual framework for
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Box 2: Saudi Arabia: Linking innova
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cHApTEr 6 The Russian Federation: A
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Figure 2: Expenditure on technologi
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in pharmaceuticals, computers, tele
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financial sustainability, and the v
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ex-territorial innovation centre wi
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cHApTEr 7 Shaping the National Inno
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Table 1: Idea-to-market curve 1. po
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is around 8%—very low, even compa
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culture, environment, and economy.1
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13 See the Department of Biotechnol
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cHApTEr 8 An Integrated Policy Appr
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institutions in developing countrie
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egan to publish monographs on STI p
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cHApTEr 9 Broadband, Inevitable Inn
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Figure 1: Global ICT developments,
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Figure 3: Global fixed and mobile b
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Figure 4: Evolution of ICT-innovati
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cHApTEr 10 The Internet: An Unprece
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egularly update their pages and sha
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Google’s anti-SOPA page, resultin
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cHApTEr 11 We Are All Content Creat
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Table 1: Models of creative industr
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than any single major recording lab
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Pélissié du Rausas, M., J. Manyik
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Country/Economy Profiles I
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Page 345 and 346: Index of Data Tables 1 Institutions
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Page 355 and 356: 1.3.3 Ease of paying taxes Ease of
Page 357 and 358: 2.1.2 Public expenditure on educati
Page 359 and 360: 2.1.4 Assessment in reading, mathem
Page 361 and 362: 2.2.1 Tertiary enrolment School enr
Page 363 and 364: 2.2.3 Tertiary inbound mobility Ter
Page 365 and 366: 2.3.1 Researchers Researchers, head
Page 367 and 368: 2.3.3 Quality of scientific researc
Page 369 and 370: 3.1.2 ICT use ICT use index* | 2010
Page 371 and 372: 3.1.4 Online e-participation E-part
Page 373 and 374: 3.2.2 Electricity consumption Elect
Page 375 and 376: 3.2.4 Gross capital formation Gross
Page 377 and 378: 3.3.2 Environmental performance Env
Page 379 and 380: 4.1.1 Ease of getting credit Ease o
Page 381 and 382: 4.1.3 Microfinance institutions’
Page 383 and 384: 4.2.2 Market capitalization Market
Page 385 and 386: 4.2.4 Venture capital deals Venture
Page 387 and 388: 4.3.2 Market access for non-agricul
Page 389 and 390: 4.3.4 Exports of goods and services
Page 391 and 392: 5.1.1 Employment in knowledge-inten
Page 393 and 394: 5.1.3 GERD performed by business en
Page 395 and 396: 5.1.5 GMAT mean score Weighted mean
Page 397 and 398: 5.2.1 University/industry research
Page 399 and 400: 5.2.3 GERD financed by abroad GERD:
Page 401 and 402:
5.2.5 Share of patents with foreign
Page 403 and 404:
5.3.2 High-tech imports High-tech n
Page 405 and 406:
5.3.4 Foreign direct investment net
Page 407 and 408:
6.1.2 Patent Cooperation Treaty app
Page 409 and 410:
6.1.4 Scientific and technical jour
Page 411 and 412:
6.2.2 New business density New busi
Page 413 and 414:
6.2.4 ISO 9001 quality certificates
Page 415 and 416:
6.3.2 High-tech exports High-tech n
Page 417 and 418:
6.3.4 Foreign direct investment net
Page 419 and 420:
7.1.2 Madrid Agreement trademark re
Page 421 and 422:
7.1.4 ICT and organizational models
Page 423 and 424:
7.2.2 National feature films produc
Page 425 and 426:
7.2.4 Creative goods exports Creati
Page 427 and 428:
7.3.1 Generic top-level domains (gT
Page 429 and 430:
7.3.3 Wikipedia monthly edits Wikip
Page 431:
Sources and Definitions III
Page 434 and 435:
412 1 Institutions THE GLOBAL INNOV
Page 436 and 437:
414 2 Human capital and research TH
Page 438 and 439:
416 3 Infrastructure (continued) TH
Page 440 and 441:
418 4 Market sophistication THE GLO
Page 442 and 443:
420 5 Business sophistication (cont
Page 444 and 445:
422 6 Knowledge and technology outp
Page 446 and 447:
424 7 Creative outputs (continued)
Page 449:
Technical Notes IV
Page 452 and 453:
Page 455:
About the Authors V
Page 458 and 459:
Page 460 and 461:
Page 462:
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The Global Innovation Index 2012

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