Natural Science in Archaeology

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284 References Bishop R, Sayre E, Van Zelst L (1985) Characterization of Mesoamerican jade. In: Van Zelst L (ed) Application of science in examination of works of art. Proceedings of the seminar, Research Laboratory, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, 7–9 September 1983 Biswas A (1996) Minerals and metals in ancient India, vol 1. Archaeological evidence. DK Printworld (P), New Delhi Bjorkman J (1973) Meteors and meteorites in the Ancient Near East, Center for Meteorite Studies 12. Arizona State University, Tempe Black D, Wilson L (1999) The Washademoak lake chert source, Queens County, New Brunswick, Canada. Archaeol East North Am 27:81–108 Blackburn W, Dennen W (eds) (1997) Encyclopedia of mineral names. The Canadian mineralogist special publication 1. Mineralogical Association of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Blackman M (1981) The mineralogical and chemical analysis of Banesh period ceramics from Tal-E-Malyan, Iran. In: Hughes M (ed) Scientifi c studies in ancient ceramics, British museum occasional paper 19. British Museum, London, pp 7–20 Blak R, Isotani S, Watanabe S (1982) Optical absorption and electron spin resonance in blue and green natural beryl. Phys Chem Minerals 8(4):161–166 Blatt H, Tracy, R, Owens B (2006) Petrology: igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic. New York Bleed P (1977) Early fl akes from Sozudai, Japan: are they man-made? Science 197:1357–1359 Bloxam E, Heldal T (2007) The industrial landscape of the Northern Faiyum Desert as a world heritage site: modeling the “outstanding universal value” of third millennium BC stone quarrying in Egypt. World Archaeol 39(3):305–323 Bodega Barahona F (1991) Notas sobre la historia antigua del oro. Oro en Galicia. Cuadernos Lab Xeoloxico de Laxe 16:109–124 Bordaz J (1970) Tools of the old and new stone age. Dover, New York Bordignon F, Postorino P, Dore P, Guidi G, Trojsi G, Bellelli V (2007) In Search of Etruscan Colours: A Spectroscopic Study of a Painted Slab from Ceri. Archaeometry 49(1):87–100 Born A (1988) Blue slate quarrying in South Devon: an ancient industry. Ind Archaeol Rev 11(1):51–67 Borradaile G, MacKenzie A, Jensen E (1991) A study of colour changes in purple-green slate by petrological and rock-magnetic methods. Tectonophysics 200:157–172 Borradaile G, Lagroix F, Maher L, Stewart J, Lane T, Linford N, Linford P (1999) Attempts to date salt-making activity in Iron Age Britain using magnetic inclinations. J Archaeol Sci 26:1377–1389 Boudreau E (1971) Making the adobe brick. Fifth Street Press Berkeley, CA Bouzek J, Koutecky D, Simon K (1989) Tin and prehistoric mining in the Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains): some new evidence. Oxford J Archaeol 8(2):203–212 Bracco J-P (1991) Typologie, technologie et matières premières des industries du très ancien paléolithique en Velay (Massif-Central, France): premiers résultats. In: Bonifay E, Vandermeersch B (eds) Actes du 114eme congrès national des sociétés savants (Paris, 3–9 avril 1989). Editions du CTHS, Paris Brantingham P, Xing G (2006) Peopling of the northern Tibetan Plateau. World Archaeol 38(3):387–414 Branigan K (1974) Aegean metalwork of the early and middle Bronze Age. Oxford Braswell G, Andrews V, Glascock M (1994) The obsidian artifacts of Quelepe, El Salvador. Ancient Mesoamerica 5(2):173–192 Breternitz D (1964) Limonite crystal beads in the southwest. Am Antiquity 30(2):215 Brill R (1999) Chemical analyses of early glasses. Vol 1 the catalog, vol 2 the tables. The Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, NY Brill R (1988) Scientifi c investigations of the Jalame glass and related fi nds. In: Weinberg G (ed) Excavations at Jalame: site of a glass factory in late Roman Palestine. University of Missouri Press, Columbia, pp 257–291 Brill R, Martin J (eds) (1991) Scientifi c research in early Chinese glass. Corning Museum of Glass, Corning, NY
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Natural Science in Archaeology Seri
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Prof. Dr. George Rapp University of
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vi Preface and Reader’s Guide ass
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viii Preface to the Second Edition
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x Contents 3.6.2 Placer Deposits ..
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xii Contents 10.4 Natron ..........
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xiv List of Figures 4.8 Predynastic
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Chapter 1 Introduction and History
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1.2 Organization of the Book 3 Sour
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 5 BCE) insc
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 7 led to th
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 9 process o
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 11 sources.
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 13 Fig. 1.1
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 15 wide kno
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Chapter 2 Properties of Minerals 2.
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2.2 Mineral Structure 19 understand
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2.3 Mineral Identifi cation Methods
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2.4 Color of Minerals 27 grains tha
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2.4 Color of Minerals 29 Fig. 2.4 T
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2.4 Color of Minerals 31 blue light
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2.4 Color of Minerals 33 Table 2.2
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2.4 Color of Minerals 35 changing t
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2.4 Color of Minerals 37 Fig. 2.9 G
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2.4 Color of Minerals 39 Halite is
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2.4 Color of Minerals 41 been named
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2.4 Color of Minerals 43 The fluore
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46 3 Exploitation of Mineral and Ro
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70 4 Lithic Materials weathering, s
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72 4 Lithic Materials Patay (1976)
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74 4 Lithic Materials Baked siltsto
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76 4 Lithic Materials source on the
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78 4 Lithic Materials In a highly r
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80 4 Lithic Materials The name come
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82 4 Lithic Materials analyses of C
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84 4 Lithic Materials 4.3.3 Felsite
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86 4 Lithic Materials Fig. 4.10 Maj
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88 4 Lithic Materials focused on ma
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90 4 Lithic Materials Fig. 4.14 Bas
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92 5 Gemstones, Seal Stones, and Ce
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100 5 Gemstones, Seal Stones, and C
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122 6 Soft Stones and Other Carvabl
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144 7 Metals and Related Minerals a
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184 8 Ceramic Raw Materials 8.2 Cla
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186 8 Ceramic Raw Materials came th
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188 8 Ceramic Raw Materials dominan
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190 8 Ceramic Raw Materials (limest
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192 8 Ceramic Raw Materials and “
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194 8 Ceramic Raw Materials Chinese
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196 8 Ceramic Raw Materials in glas
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198 8 Ceramic Raw Materials 8.9 Fir
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200 8 Ceramic Raw Materials tiles f
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202 9 Pigments and Colorants This c
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204 9 Pigments and Colorants Hierak
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206 9 Pigments and Colorants The na
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Table 9.1 Compounds of iron oxides
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210 9 Pigments and Colorants Eviden
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212 9 Pigments and Colorants 9.4 Ma
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214 9 Pigments and Colorants orange
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216 9 Pigments and Colorants Centra
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218 9 Pigments and Colorants Maya B
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220 9 Pigments and Colorants is cur
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Chapter 10 Abrasives, Salt, Shells,
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10.3 Salt (Halite) 225 does not yie
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10.3 Salt (Halite) 227 Fig. 10.2 Di
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10.4 Natron 229 rituals. Its import
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10.5 Alum 231 times in Egypt. White
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Page 293 and 294: References Accordi B, Tagliaferro C
Page 299 and 300: References 287 Connan J (1999) Use
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Page 306 and 307: 294 References Heizer R, Treganza A
Page 309 and 310: References 297 Knox R (1987) On dis
Page 311 and 312: References 299 Lu P, Yao N, So J, H
Page 313 and 314: References 301 Mistardis G (1963) O
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Page 318 and 319: 306 References Rossi Manaresi R (19
Page 321 and 322: References 309 Stapert D, Johnsen L
Page 323 and 324: References 311 Uda M, Tsunokami T,
Page 325: References 313 Wen G, Jing Z (1992)
Page 328 and 329: 316 References Chapter 4 Andrefsky
Page 330 and 331: 318 References Singer C (1948) The
Page 332 and 333: 320 Glossary Celadon Chinese stonew
Page 334 and 335: 322 Glossary Lake A pigment consist
Page 336 and 337: 324 Glossary Radiolarian Pertaining
Page 338 and 339: 327 Appendix A Pigments Used in Ant
Page 340 and 341: Appendix A (continued) Pigment Orig
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Page 344 and 345: Minerals, Rocks, and Metals Index A
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Minerals, Rocks, and Metals Index 3
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Minerals, Rocks, and Metals Index O
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Geographic Index A Abu Simbel, 137,
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Geographic Index 341 North, 56, 145
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Geographic Index 343 Pipestone Nati
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General Index A Abbsid, 128, 192 Ag
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General Index 347 220, 230, 231, 23
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