Natural Science in Archaeology

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306 References Rossi Manaresi R (1994) Materiali e fi niture nell’edilizia storica Bolognese: ipotesi sull’immagine della città. Boll Arte 84–85:167–182 Rossman G (1994) Colored varieties of the silica minerals. In: Heaney P, Prewitt C, Gibbs G (eds) Silica: physical behavior, geochemistry and materials applications. Mineralogical Society of America, Washington, DC, pp 433–467 Rossman G, Mattson S (1986) Yellow, Mn-rich elbaite with Mn-Ti intervalence charge transfer. American Mineralogist 71:599–602 Rothenberg B (1978) Chalcolithic copper smelting: excavations at Timna site 39. In: Rothenberg B (ed) Archaeo-metallurgy 1. Institute for Archaeo-Metallurgical Studies, London, pp 1–51 Rothenberg B (1979) Turquoise, copper and pilgrims. In: Rothenberg B, Danin A, Garfunkel Z, Huber P, Klopfenstein M, Oren E, Tchernov E, Walser G (eds) Sinai: pharaohs, miners, pilgrims and soldiers. Kümmerly and Frey, Berne, pp 137–172 Rothenberg B (ed) (1990) The ancient metallurgy of copper. Institute for Archaeo-Metallurgical Studies, London Rothenberg B, Blanco-Freijeiro A (1980) Ancient copper mining and smelting at Chinfl on. In: Craddock PT (ed) Scientifi c studies in early mining and extractive metallurgy. British Museum Occasional Paper 20. British Museum, London, pp 41–62 Roy A (ed) (1993) Artist’s pigments: a handbook of their history and characteristics, 2. National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC Ruge Z, Barber D, Magee P (2007) Comparing Iron Age Softstone Artifacts With Samples From Ancient Quarries in the Semail Ophiolite, Southeast Arabia: XRD Mineralogy and Elemental Abundances by ICP-MS. GSA Abstracts with Programs 39(6):30 Sanders T (1990) Adams: the manufacturing of fl aked stone tools at a Paleoindian site in western Kentucky. Persimmon Press, Buffalo NY Sanger D (1973) Cou Point: an Archaic cemetery in New Brunswick. Mercury Series Paper 12. Archaeological Survey of Canada, National Museum of Man, Ottawa Santi P, Antonelli F, Renzulli A (2005) Provenance of Medieval Pietra Ollare Artefacts Found in Archaeological Sites of Central-Eastern Italy: Insights into the Alpine Soapstone Trade. Archaeometry 47(2):253–264 Sarmiento R, Kirby R (1962) Recent sediments of Lake Maracaibo. J Sediment Petrol 32:698–724 Sariiz K, Isik I (1995) Meerschaum from Eskiseher Province, Turkey. Gems and Gemmol 31(1):42–51 Saville M (1910) The antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador: fi nal report. Irving Press, New York Saville M (1922) Turquois mosaic art in ancient Mexico. Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York Schiavetti V (1996) Organization of the prehispanic Suchil mining district of Chalchihuites, Mexico, A.D. 400–950. PhD Diss, State University of New York, Buffalo Schlee D (1980) Bernstein-Raritäten: Farben, Strukturen, Fossilien, Handwerk. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Stuttgart Schlee D (1984) Bernstein-Neuigkeiten. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie C. Allg Aufsätze 18:7–8 Schmandt-Besserat D (1980) Ocher in prehistory: 300,000 years of the use of iron ores as pigments. In: Wertime T, Muhly J (eds) The coming of the age of iron. New Haven, pp 127–150 Schmetzer K (1988) Thermal stability of yellow colour and colour centres in natural citrine. Neues Jahrb Mineral Heft 2:71–80 Schmetzer K, Berdesinski W, Bank H (1975) Farbveränderungen von Edelsteinen der Beryll-gruppe. Z Gemmol Ges 14(2):81–87 Schmidt B, Schröter E (1990) Ein Achatgefäss und weitere römische Importfunde aus dem Saalegebiet. Ausgrabungen Funde 35(4):194–199 Schmidt R, Ager C, Montes J (1999) A study of Roman mining and metallurgy and their environmental consequences at Plasenzuela, Extremadura, Spain. In: Young S, Pollard A, Budd P, Ixer R (eds) Metals in antiquity, BAR International Series 792. British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, pp 234–242
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Natural Science in Archaeology Seri
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Prof. Dr. George Rapp University of
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vi Preface and Reader’s Guide ass
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viii Preface to the Second Edition
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x Contents 3.6.2 Placer Deposits ..
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xii Contents 10.4 Natron ..........
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xiv List of Figures 4.8 Predynastic
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Chapter 1 Introduction and History
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1.2 Organization of the Book 3 Sour
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 5 BCE) insc
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 7 led to th
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 9 process o
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 11 sources.
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 13 Fig. 1.1
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1.3 The Ancient Authors 15 wide kno
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Chapter 2 Properties of Minerals 2.
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2.2 Mineral Structure 19 understand
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2.3 Mineral Identifi cation Methods
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2.4 Color of Minerals 27 grains tha
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2.4 Color of Minerals 29 Fig. 2.4 T
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2.4 Color of Minerals 31 blue light
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2.4 Color of Minerals 33 Table 2.2
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2.4 Color of Minerals 35 changing t
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2.4 Color of Minerals 37 Fig. 2.9 G
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2.4 Color of Minerals 39 Halite is
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2.4 Color of Minerals 41 been named
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2.4 Color of Minerals 43 The fluore
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46 3 Exploitation of Mineral and Ro
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70 4 Lithic Materials weathering, s
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72 4 Lithic Materials Patay (1976)
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74 4 Lithic Materials Baked siltsto
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76 4 Lithic Materials source on the
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78 4 Lithic Materials In a highly r
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80 4 Lithic Materials The name come
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82 4 Lithic Materials analyses of C
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84 4 Lithic Materials 4.3.3 Felsite
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86 4 Lithic Materials Fig. 4.10 Maj
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88 4 Lithic Materials focused on ma
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90 4 Lithic Materials Fig. 4.14 Bas
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92 5 Gemstones, Seal Stones, and Ce
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100 5 Gemstones, Seal Stones, and C
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122 6 Soft Stones and Other Carvabl
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144 7 Metals and Related Minerals a
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184 8 Ceramic Raw Materials 8.2 Cla
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186 8 Ceramic Raw Materials came th
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188 8 Ceramic Raw Materials dominan
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190 8 Ceramic Raw Materials (limest
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192 8 Ceramic Raw Materials and “
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194 8 Ceramic Raw Materials Chinese
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196 8 Ceramic Raw Materials in glas
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198 8 Ceramic Raw Materials 8.9 Fir
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200 8 Ceramic Raw Materials tiles f
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202 9 Pigments and Colorants This c
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204 9 Pigments and Colorants Hierak
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206 9 Pigments and Colorants The na
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Table 9.1 Compounds of iron oxides
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210 9 Pigments and Colorants Eviden
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212 9 Pigments and Colorants 9.4 Ma
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214 9 Pigments and Colorants orange
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216 9 Pigments and Colorants Centra
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218 9 Pigments and Colorants Maya B
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220 9 Pigments and Colorants is cur
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Chapter 10 Abrasives, Salt, Shells,
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10.3 Salt (Halite) 225 does not yie
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10.3 Salt (Halite) 227 Fig. 10.2 Di
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10.4 Natron 229 rituals. Its import
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10.5 Alum 231 times in Egypt. White
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10.6 Shells, Coral, Fossils, and Fo
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10.7 Other Geologic Raw Materials 2
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Chapter 11 Building, Monumental, an
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11.2 Building Stone 249 but large b
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11.2 Building Stone 251 Fig. 11.2 T
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11.2 Building Stone 253 reaches the
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Page 293 and 294: References Accordi B, Tagliaferro C
Page 296 and 297: 284 References Bishop R, Sayre E, V
Page 299 and 300: References 287 Connan J (1999) Use
Page 302 and 303: 290 References Fleming S (1984) Pig
Page 306 and 307: 294 References Heizer R, Treganza A
Page 309 and 310: References 297 Knox R (1987) On dis
Page 311 and 312: References 299 Lu P, Yao N, So J, H
Page 313 and 314: References 301 Mistardis G (1963) O
Page 316 and 317: 304 References Phillips P (1980) Th
Page 321 and 322: References 309 Stapert D, Johnsen L
Page 323 and 324: References 311 Uda M, Tsunokami T,
Page 325: References 313 Wen G, Jing Z (1992)
Page 328 and 329: 316 References Chapter 4 Andrefsky
Page 330 and 331: 318 References Singer C (1948) The
Page 332 and 333: 320 Glossary Celadon Chinese stonew
Page 334 and 335: 322 Glossary Lake A pigment consist
Page 336 and 337: 324 Glossary Radiolarian Pertaining
Page 338 and 339: 327 Appendix A Pigments Used in Ant
Page 340 and 341: Appendix A (continued) Pigment Orig
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Page 344 and 345: Minerals, Rocks, and Metals Index A
Page 346 and 347: Minerals, Rocks, and Metals Index 3
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Page 350 and 351: Geographic Index A Abu Simbel, 137,
Page 352 and 353: Geographic Index 341 North, 56, 145
Page 354 and 355: Geographic Index 343 Pipestone Nati
Page 356 and 357: General Index A Abbsid, 128, 192 Ag
Page 358 and 359: General Index 347 220, 230, 231, 23
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