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George Orwell 1 9 8 4<br />

had never heard and in whose supposed crimes she<br />

had not the faintest belief. When public trials were<br />

happening she had taken her place in the<br />

<strong>de</strong>tachments from the Youth League who<br />

surroun<strong>de</strong>d the courts from morning to night,<br />

chanting at intervals 'Death to the traitors!' During<br />

the Two Minutes Hate she always excelled all<br />

others in shouting insults at Goldstein. Yet she had<br />

only the dimmest i<strong>de</strong>a of who Goldstein was and<br />

what doctrines he was supposed to represent. She<br />

had grown up since the Revolution and was too<br />

young to remember the i<strong>de</strong>ological battles of the<br />

fifties and sixties. Such a thing as an in<strong>de</strong>pen<strong>de</strong>nt<br />

political movement was outsi<strong>de</strong> her imagination:<br />

and in any case the Party was invincible. It would<br />

always exist, and it would always be the same. You<br />

could only rebel against it by secret disobedience<br />

or, at most, by isolated acts of violence such as<br />

killing somebody or blowing something up.<br />

In some ways she was far more acute than Winston,<br />

and far less susceptible to Party propaganda. Once<br />

when he happened in some connexion to mention<br />

the war against Eurasia, she startled him by saying<br />

casually that in her opinion the war was not<br />

happening. The rocket bombs which fell daily on<br />

London were probably fired by the Government of<br />

Oceania itself, 'just to keep people frightened'. This<br />

was an i<strong>de</strong>a that had literally never occurred to him.<br />

She also stirred a sort of envy in him by telling him<br />

that during the Two Minutes Hate her great<br />

difficulty was to avoid bursting out laughing. But<br />

she only questioned the teachings of the Party when<br />

they in some way touched upon her own life. Often<br />

she was ready to accept the official mythology,<br />

simply because the difference between truth and<br />

falsehood did not seem important to her. She<br />

believed, for instance, having learnt it at school, that<br />

the Party had invented aeroplanes. (In his own<br />

schooldays, Winston remembered, in the late fifties,<br />

it was only the helicopter that the Party claimed to<br />

have invented; a dozen years later, when Julia was<br />

at school, it was already claiming the aeroplane; one<br />

generation more, and it would be claiming the<br />

steam engine.) And when he told her that<br />

aeroplanes had been in existence before he was born<br />

and long before the Revolution, the fact struck her<br />

as totally uninteresting. After all, what did it matter<br />

181<br />

personas cuyos nombres nunca había oído y en<br />

cuyos supuestos crímenes no creía ni mucho<br />

menos. Cuando tenían efecto los procesos<br />

públicos, Julia acudía entre las jóvenes <strong>de</strong> la Liga<br />

juvenil que ro<strong>de</strong>aban el edificio <strong>de</strong> los tribunales<br />

noche y día y gritaba con ellas: «¡Muerte a los<br />

traidores!». Durante los Dos Minutos <strong>de</strong> Odio<br />

siempre insultaba a Goldstein con más energía que<br />

los <strong>de</strong>más. Sin embargo, no tenía la menor i<strong>de</strong>a <strong>de</strong><br />

quién era Goldstein ni <strong>de</strong> las doctrinas que pudiera<br />

representar. Había crecido <strong>de</strong>ntro <strong>de</strong> la<br />

Revolución y era <strong>de</strong>masiado joven para recordar<br />

las batallas i<strong>de</strong>ológicas <strong>de</strong> los años cincuenta y<br />

sesenta y tantos. No podía imaginar un<br />

movimiento político in<strong>de</strong>pendiente; y en todo caso<br />

el Partido era invencible. Siempre existiría. Y<br />

nunca iba a cambiar ni en lo más mínimo. Lo más<br />

que podía hacerse era rebelarse secretamente o, en<br />

ciertos casos, por actos aislados <strong>de</strong> violencia como<br />

matar a alguien o poner una bomba en cualquier<br />

sitio.<br />

En cierto modo, Julia era menos susceptible que<br />

Winston a la propaganda <strong>de</strong>l Partido. Una vez se<br />

refirió él a la guerra contra Eurasia y se quedó<br />

asombrado cuando ella, sin conce<strong>de</strong>rle<br />

importancia a la cosa, dio por cierto que no había<br />

tal guerra. Casi con toda seguridad, las bombas<br />

cohete que caían diariamente sobre Londres eran<br />

lanzadas por el mismo Gobierno <strong>de</strong> Oceanía sólo<br />

para que la gente estuviera siempre asustada. A<br />

Winston nunca se le había ocurrido esto. También<br />

<strong>de</strong>spertó en él Julia una especie <strong>de</strong> envidia al<br />

confesarle que durante los dos Minutos <strong>de</strong> Odio lo<br />

peor para ella era contenerse y no romper a reír a<br />

carcajadas, pero Julia nunca discutía las<br />

enseñanzas <strong>de</strong>l Partido a no ser que afectaran a su<br />

propia vida. Estaba dispuesta a aceptar la<br />

mitología oficial, porque no le parecía importante<br />

la diferencia entre verdad y falsedad. Creía por<br />

ejemplo — porque lo había aprendido en la<br />

escuela — que el Partido había inventado los<br />

aeroplanos. (En cuanto a Winston, recordaba que<br />

en su época escolar, en los años cincuenta y<br />

tantos, el Partido no pretendía haber inventado, en<br />

el campo <strong>de</strong> la aviación, más que el autogiro; una<br />

docena <strong>de</strong> años <strong>de</strong>spués, cuando Julia iba a la<br />

escuela, se trataba ya <strong>de</strong>l aeroplano en general; al<br />

cabo <strong>de</strong> otra generación, asegurarían haber<br />

<strong>de</strong>scubierto la máquina <strong>de</strong> vapor.) Y cuando

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