TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 20 - Center for ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

5-6 I Though the cost of crude oil certainly injluences the price of gasoline, it is not the only factor which determines the price at the pump. Processing cost, transportation cost, and taxes also play a major part of the cost of a gallon of gasoline. The average price of a barrel of crude oil (in constant 1990 dollars) declined by 38% jrom I990 to 1999, while the average price of a gallon of gasoline declined 22% in this same time period. Table 5.3 Prices for a Barrel of Crude Oil and a Gallon of Gasoline, 1978-99 Crude oil” Gasoline” (dollars per barrel) (cents per gallon) Ratio of gasoline to crude oil Year Current Constant 1998” Current Constant 1998” 1978 12.5 31.1 65.2 162.9 219.8 1979 17.7 39.8 88.2 198.1 209.1 1980 28.1 55.5 122.1 241.6 182.7 1981 35.2 63.2 135.3 242.5 161.3 1982 31.9 53.8 128.1 216.4 168.8 1983 29.0 47.4 122.5 200.5 177.5 1984 28.6 44.9 119.8 188.0 175.7 1985 26.8 40.5 119.6 181.3 187.8 1986 14.6 21.6 93.1 138.4 268.7 1987 17.9 25.7 95.7 137.3 224.5 1988 14.7 20.2 96.3 132.7 275.7 1989 18.0 23.6 106.0 139.4 247.7 1990 22.2 27.7 121.7 151.8 230.0 1991 19.1 22.8 119.6 143.1 263.5 1992 18.4 21.4 119.0 138.3 271.2 1993 16.4 18.5 117.3 132.4 300.2 1994 15.6 17.2 117.4 129.1 316.3 1995 17.2 18.4 120.5 128.9 293.7 1996 20.7 21.5 128.8 133.8 261.2 1997 19.0 19.3 129.1 131.1 284.8 1998 12.5 12.6 111.5 111.5 372.6 1999 17.5 17.1 122.1 118.5 291.3 Average annual percentage change 1978-99 1.6% -2.8% 3.0% -1.5% 1989-99 -0.3% -3.2% 1.3% -1.6% Sources: Crude oil - U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Infoimation Administration, Monthly Energy Review, March 2000, Washington, DC, Table 9.1. Gasoline - U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Monthly Energy Review, March 2000, Washington, DC, Table 9.4. (Additional resources: www.eia.doe.gov) “Refiner acquisition cost of composite (domestic and imported) crude oil. “Average for all types. These prices were collected from a sample of service stations in 85 urban areas selected to represent all urban consumers. Urban consumers make LIP about 80% of the total U.S. population. “Adjusted by the Consumer Price Inflation Index. TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDATABOOR: EDITION~O-2000
Year Current Diesel fuel a Constant 1998” Table 5.4 Retail Prices for Motor Fuel, 1978-99 (cents per gallon, including tax) Unleaded regular gasoline b Unleaded premium gasoline b Average for all (87 to 88.9 octane) (91 octane and above) gasoline types b Current Constant 1998” Current Constant 1998” 1978 d d 67.0 167.4 d 0.0 65.2 1979 d 90.3 202.8 d 0.0 88.2 1980 101 200 124.5 246.3 0.0 122.1 1981 118 212 137.8 247.0 147.0 263.5 135.3 1982 116 196 129.6 218.9 141.5 239.0 128.1 1983 120 196 124.1 203.1 138.3 226.3 122.5 1984 122 191 121.2 190.2 136.6 214.4 119.8 1985 122 185 120.2 182.2 134.0 203.1 119.6 1986 94 0 92.7 137.8 108.5 161.3 93.1 1987 96 138 94.8 136.0 109.3 156.8 95.7 1988 95 131 94.6 130.4 110.7 152.6 96.3 1989 102 134 102.1 134.3 119.7 157.4 106.0 1990 107 0 116.4 145.2 134.9 168.3 121.7 1991 91 109 114.0 136.4 132.1 158.1 119.6 1992 106 123 112.7 130.9 131.6 152.9 119.0 1993 98 111 110.8 125.0 130.2 146.9 117.3 1994 96 0 111.2 122.3 130.5 143.5 117.4 1995 97 0 114.7 122.7 133.6 142.9 120.5 1996 115 120 123.1 127.9 141.3 146.8 128.8 1997 129 131 123.4 125.3 141.6 143.8 129.1 1998 112 112 105.9 105.9 125.0 125.0 111.5 1999 97 95 116.5 114.0 Average annualpercentage change 135.7 132.8 122.1 1978-99 -0.2%” -3.8%’ 2.7% -1.8% -0.4%’ -3.7%’ 3.0% 1989-99 Source: -0.5% -3.4% 1.3% -1.6% 1.3% -1.7% 1.4% Gasoline - U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, Monthly Energy Review, 2000, Washington, DC, Table 9.4. Diesel - U.S. Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration, International Energy Annual 1998, Washington, DC, January 2000, Table 7.2. (Additional resources: www.eia.doe.gov) Collected from a survey of prices on January 1 of the current year. bThese prices were collected from a sample of service stations in 85 urban areas selected to represent all urban consumers. Urban consumers make up about 80% of the total U.S. population. ‘Adjusted by the Consumer Price Inflation Index. dData are not available. ‘Average annual percentage change is from the earliest year possible to 1999. Current Constant 1998” 162.9 198.1 241.6 242.5 216.4 200.5 188.0 181.3 138.4 137.3 132.7 139.4 151.8 143.1 138.3 132.4 129.1 128.9 133.8 131.1 111.5 119.5 -1.5% -1.5%
Page 1:
Center for Transportation Analysis
Page 5 and 6:
TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ........
Page 7 and 8:
Table 3.5 Table 3.6 Table 3.7 Table
Page 9 and 10:
Table 5.5 Table 5.6 Table 5.7 Table
Page 11 and 12:
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Table
Page 13 and 14:
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Table
Page 15:
of them. FOREWORD This edition has
Page 19:
ABSTRACT The Transportation Energy
Page 23 and 24:
Source Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Chapter
Page 25 and 26:
Table 1.2 World Crude Oil Productio
Page 27 and 28:
I The UnitedStates has increased it
Page 29 and 30:
I The share ofpetroleum imported to
Page 31 and 32:
100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 IO 0 No
Page 33 and 34:
I When crude oil and other hydrocar
Page 35 and 36:
TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDATABOOK: EDITI
Page 37:
Table 1.11 Transportation of Petrol
Page 40 and 41:
1989 World total 134.66 136.35 135.
Page 42 and 43:
2-4 I Total energy use in the U.S.
Page 44 and 45:
2-6 I As duta about alternative jil
Page 46 and 47:
The Federal Highway Administration
Page 48 and 49:
Q) k s e b Y u IOO- 90 - 80 - 70 -
Page 50 and 51:
2-12 Table 2.10 U.S. Production and
Page 52 and 53:
Great care should be taken when com
Page 54 and 55:
I Great care should be taken when c
Page 57 and 58:
Source Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emi
Page 59 and 60:
1990 (million metric tonnes) Austra
Page 61 and 62:
Table 3.4 Estimated U.S. Emissions
Page 63 and 64:
Fuel Motor gasoline LPG” Jet fuel
Page 65 and 66:
The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 67 and 68:
Table 3.8 NEAR-TERM Technology Cfor
Page 69 and 70:
Table 3.9 (continued) LONG-TERM Tec
Page 71 and 72: Table 3.9 (continued) LONG-TERM Tec
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.9 (continued) LONG-TERM Tec
Page 75 and 76: Source Chapter 4 Criteria Pollutant
Page 77 and 78: I The transportation sector account
Page 85 and 86: The transportation sector accounted
Page 87 and 88: I Historically the transportation s
Page 89 and 90: The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.14 NEAR-TERM Technology Cfo
Page 93 and 94: Table 4.15 LONG-TERM Technology Gfo
Page 95 and 96: Table 4.15 (continued) LONG-TERM Te
Page 107 and 108: Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
Page 109 and 110: Table 4.20 Federal Exhaust Emission
Page 111 and 112: 2 2 % 0” z Table 4.22 Federal Exh
Page 113 and 114: Gasoline Hydrocarbons (HC) Nitrogen
Page 115 and 116: I Califknia’s Low-Emission Vehicl
Page 117 and 118: Source Figure 5.1 Table 5.4 Table 5
Page 119 and 120: Figure 5.1. Gasoline Prices for Sel
Page 121: - I . I . I . I I Figure 5.2. Diese
Page 125 and 126: Table 5.6 State Taxes on Motor Fuel
Page 127 and 128: As of January 2000, only five state
Page 129 and 130: I In current dollars, import cars,
Page 131 and 132: I The total cost of operating an au
Page 133 and 134: Year 1970 1980 1990 1997 1998 1970
Page 135 and 136: Employees of motor vehicle and rela
Page 137 and 138: Source Table 6.1 Table 6.2 Table 6.
Page 139 and 140: Year China India Japan France 1950
Page 141 and 142: 1970 1971 1972 E 1973 2 1974 4 1975
Page 143 and 144: Table 6.5 Highway Vehicle Miles Tra
Page 145 and 146: Table 6.7 Trucks in Operation and V
Page 147 and 148: I Using current registration data a
Page 149 and 150: I Using current registration data a
Page 151 and 152: Source Chapter 7 Light Vehicles and
Page 153 and 154: The Federal Highway Administration
Page 155 and 156: Table 7.4 New Retail Sales of Truck
Page 157 and 158: Table 7.6 Period Sales, Market Shar
Page 159 and 160: Table 7.8 Sales-Weighted Engine Siz
Page 161 and 162: Sales period” 1976 1977 1978 1979
Page 163 and 164: 0.8 F 0 0.6 u' 2 s = 0.4 0.2 Figure
Page 165 and 166: I The average auto lost over 300pou
Page 167 and 168: I The number of conventional refuel
Page 169 and 170: Table 7.17 Corporate Average Fuel E
Page 171 and 172: Fuel Economy by Vehicle Speed ORNL
Page 173 and 174:
I The two earlier studies by the Fe
Page 175 and 176:
Speed (mph) 1988 1993 Chevrolet Sub
Page 177 and 178:
I The New York Test Cycle was devel
Page 179 and 180:
Table 7.23 Occupant Fatalities by V
Page 181 and 182:
B0 P I In 1998, nearly 40% of all p
Page 183 and 184:
Source Table 8.1 Table 8.1 Table 8.
Page 185 and 186:
Table 8.2 New Retail Truck Sales by
Page 187 and 188:
I These tables illustrate the diffe
Page 189 and 190:
Trucks Trucks (%) Miles per truck T
Page 191 and 192:
I Nearly 1 GO% of all truckfleets u
Page 193 and 194:
Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
Page 195 and 196:
Some,freight activities, such as pi
Page 197 and 198:
Chapter 9 Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Page 199 and 200:
I There are more LPG vehicles in us
Page 201 and 202:
Table 9.3 Estimates of Heavy Altern
Page 203 and 204:
This list includes public and priva
Page 205 and 206:
Figure 9.1 Map of Clean Cities as o
Page 207:
The Partnership for a New Generatio
Page 210 and 211:
. mm . . . SigniJicant changes have
Page 212 and 213:
1 o-4 ama . . . .I . I TheseJleet d
Page 214 and 215:
1 O-G @Ea6Ll I VW . . I Department
Page 216 and 217:
10-8 I The Energy Policy Act of 199
Page 218 and 219:
. D. Year 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970
Page 220 and 221:
11-4 I Household vehicle ownership
Page 222 and 223:
1 l-6 e. . The 1995 NPTS data shoul
Page 224 and 225:
11-8 El . . TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDAT
Page 226 and 227:
oooz-02 NOI.I>Ia~ :>I008 VLVa A!X%N
Page 228 and 229:
11-12 I As households owned more ve
Page 230 and 231:
11-14 a. . I In 1995 the average jo
Page 232 and 233:
11-16 I3 . . Table 11.14 National a
Page 234 and 235:
. D. Principal means of transportat
Page 236 and 237:
. D. 90- IO- O- Figure 11.5. Shares
Page 238 and 239:
Table 12.1 Summary Statistics for U
Page 240 and 241:
124 In the early seventies, domesti
Page 242 and 243:
Fifty-six percent of all domestic m
Page 244 and 245:
Table 12.7 Summary’Statistics for
Page 246 and 247:
12-10 The number of trailers and co
Page 248 and 249:
Table 12.11 Summary Statistics for
Page 250 and 251:
A-2 AAMA APTA Amtrak Btu DOC DOE DO
Page 252 and 253:
A-4 Trucks Off-Highway Nonhighwav A
Page 254 and 255:
A-6 Rail Total: Sum of freight and
Page 256 and 257:
A-8 Buses Trucks Sum of transit, in
Page 258 and 259:
A-10 Pipeline Rail Recreational Boa
Page 260 and 261:
A-12 Highway Automobiles Personal T
Page 262 and 263:
A-14 Nonhighway Air Recreational Bo
Page 264 and 265:
A-16 Pipeline Rail Natural Gas: Ton
Page 266 and 267:
A-18 Light Trucks Buses Vmt - DOT,
Page 268 and 269:
A-20 Highway Table 2.14 Energy Inte
Page 270 and 271:
A-22 Trucks Stock - Vehicles in use
Page 272 and 273:
A-24 Energy Use Transit buses: Amer
Page 274 and 275:
B-2 Automotive gasoline Diesel moto
Page 276 and 277:
B-4 Table B.3 Energy Unit Conversio
Page 278 and 279:
B-6 Table B.7 Volume and Flow Rate
Page 280 and 281:
FROM Pound Kilogram Pound 1 0.4536
Page 282 and 283:
B-10 One million million millionth
Page 284 and 285:
B-12 Conversion of Constant Dollar
Page 286 and 287:
Table B.14 Gross National Product (
Page 288 and 289:
c-2 Table C.l Census Divisions and
Page 291 and 292:
GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
Page 293 and 294:
Bunker - A storage tank. Bunkering
Page 295 and 296:
separating facilities. Crude oil pr
Page 297 and 298:
General aviation - That portion of
Page 299 and 300:
Lease Condensate - A liquid recover
Page 301 and 302:
Oil Stocks - Oil stocks include cru
Page 303 and 304:
Petroleum inventories: The amounts
Page 305 and 306:
Single unit truck - Includes two-ax
Page 307 and 308:
TITLE INDEX TRANSPORTATION ENERGY D
Page 309 and 310:
Alternative (continued) NEAR-TERM T
Page 311 and 312:
Aviation Axle Barrel Summary Statis
Page 313 and 314:
Certification (continued) Cities Ci
Page 315 and 316:
Corporate Corporate Average Fuel Ec
Page 317 and 318:
Dioxide International Man-Made Emis
Page 319 and 320:
Emission (continued) LONG-TERM Tech
Page 321 and 322:
Engine Sales-Weighted Engine Size o
Page 323 and 324:
Fleet Fleet Vehicles in Service as
Page 325 and 326:
Fuels (continued) Gallon Gas Gases
Page 327 and 328:
Heavy (continued) Federal Exhaust E
Page 329 and 330:
International Summary Statistics fo
Page 331 and 332:
Material Matter Average Material Co
Page 333 and 334:
Nitrogen Total National Emissions o
Page 335 and 336:
Percentage (continued) Periods Pers
Page 337 and 338:
Prices CrudeOilPrices,1870-98 . . .
Page 339 and 340:
Retail (continued) New Retail Sales
Page 341 and 342:
Shares Shares of Long-Distance Pers
Page 343 and 344:
s toc1< s toc1
Page 345 and 346:
Time Tire Ton Average Length of Tim
Page 347 and 348:
Trucks (continued) Unit Federal Exh
Page 349 and 350:
Vehicle (continued) Employees of Mo
Page 351:
Work World Journey-to-Work Statisti
show all

TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 20 - Center for ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?