TRANSPORTATION ENERGY DATA BOOK: EDITION 20 - Center for ...

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I Great care should be taken when comparing modal energy intensity data among modes. Because of the inherent dzzerences between-the transportation modes in the nature ofservices, routes available, and many additionalfactors, it is notpossible to obtain truly comparable national energy intensities among modes. Table 2.13 Intercity Freight Movement and Energy Use in the United States, 1998 Number of vehicles Vehicle-miles Ton-miles Tons shipped Average length Energy intensity Energy use (thousands) (millions) (millions) (millions) of haul (miles) (Btu/ton-mile) (trillion Btu) Truck” 2,388 133,890 1,027,OOO 3,952 701b 2,990 3,070.6 d Waterborne commercec 42 672,795 1,087 619 436 293.1 d d d d Coastwise 3 14,864 250 1,261 d d d d Lakewise 61,654 122 504 d d d d Internal and local 294,896 715 416 d d d d d d Pipeline 847.5 d d d d d d Natural gas 689.1 d d d Crude oil and products 620,000 1,116 256 158.4 Class I railroads’ 576 32,657 1,376,802 1,649 835 365 502.0 Source: See Appendix A for Table 2.13. “The definition of intercity truck was “tightened” to exclude smaller trucks. See Appendix A for details. b701 miles is for general freight (less than truckload). Based on data from the Eno Transportation Foundation, the average length of haul for specialized freight (truckload) was 285 miles. “Includes commerce by foreign and domestic carriers in the U.S. dData are not available. “Railroad measures are: number vehicles = number freight cars, vehicle-miles = car-miles, ton-miles = revenue ton-miles.
I Great care should be taken when comparing modal energy intensity data among modes. Because ojthe inherent dtjferences between the transportation modes in the nature of services, routes available, and many additional jactors, it is not possible to obtain truly comparable national energy intensities among modes. Year 1970 Heavy single-unit and combination trucks (Btu per vehicle-mile) 24,154 Table 2.14 Energy Intensities of Freight Modes, 1970-98 1971 23,694 18,814 1972 23,871 18,292 1973 23,977 18,468 1974 23,983 18,852 1975 23,836 18,741 1976 23,773 18,938 1977 23,873 19,225 197s 24,013 18,930 1979 24,260 19,187 1980 24,431 18,742 1981 24,892 18,628 1982 24,296 18,403 1983 23,740 17,863 1984 23,363 17,797 1985 23,015 17,500 1986 22,917 17,265 1987 22,391 16,791 1988 22,586 16,758 1989 22,391 16,896 1990 22,765 1991 22,710 1992 22,559 1993 22,308 1994 22,159 1995 22,172 1996 21,964 1997 21,340 1998 21,514 1970-9s -0.4% 1988-98 -0.5% Source: See Appendix A for Table 2.14. Class I freight railroad Domestic waterborne commerce (Btu per freight car-mile) (Btu per ton-mile) (Btu per ton-mile) 17,668 691 545 1’6,618 5,834 6,044 6,055 6,338 15,993 15,747 15,783 15,372 Average annualpercentage change -0.5% -0.9% 717 714 677 681 687 680 669 641 618 597 572 553 525 510 497 486 456 443 437 420 391 393 389 388 372 368 370 TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDATABOOIC EDITION~O-2000 365 506 522 576 483 549 468 458 3S3 457 358 360 310 319 346 446 463 402 361 403 388 386 398 389 369 374 412 415 436 -2.3% -0.8% -1.9% 1.9%
Page 1:
Center for Transportation Analysis
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ........
Page 7 and 8: Table 3.5 Table 3.6 Table 3.7 Table
Page 9 and 10: Table 5.5 Table 5.6 Table 5.7 Table
Page 11 and 12: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Table
Page 13 and 14: TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Table
Page 15: of them. FOREWORD This edition has
Page 19: ABSTRACT The Transportation Energy
Page 23 and 24: Source Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Chapter
Page 25 and 26: Table 1.2 World Crude Oil Productio
Page 27 and 28: I The UnitedStates has increased it
Page 29 and 30: I The share ofpetroleum imported to
Page 31 and 32: 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 IO 0 No
Page 33 and 34: I When crude oil and other hydrocar
Page 35 and 36: TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDATABOOK: EDITI
Page 37: Table 1.11 Transportation of Petrol
Page 40 and 41: 1989 World total 134.66 136.35 135.
Page 42 and 43: 2-4 I Total energy use in the U.S.
Page 44 and 45: 2-6 I As duta about alternative jil
Page 46 and 47: The Federal Highway Administration
Page 48 and 49: Q) k s e b Y u IOO- 90 - 80 - 70 -
Page 50 and 51: 2-12 Table 2.10 U.S. Production and
Page 52 and 53: Great care should be taken when com
Page 57 and 58: Source Chapter 3 Greenhouse Gas Emi
Page 59 and 60: 1990 (million metric tonnes) Austra
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.4 Estimated U.S. Emissions
Page 63 and 64: Fuel Motor gasoline LPG” Jet fuel
Page 65 and 66: The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 67 and 68: Table 3.8 NEAR-TERM Technology Cfor
Page 69 and 70: Table 3.9 (continued) LONG-TERM Tec
Page 75 and 76: Source Chapter 4 Criteria Pollutant
Page 77 and 78: I The transportation sector account
Page 85 and 86: The transportation sector accounted
Page 87 and 88: I Historically the transportation s
Page 89 and 90: The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emi
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.14 NEAR-TERM Technology Cfo
Page 93 and 94: Table 4.15 LONG-TERM Technology Gfo
Page 95 and 96: Table 4.15 (continued) LONG-TERM Te
Page 105 and 106:
Table 4.15 (continued) LONG-TERM Te
Page 107 and 108:
Table 4.18 Federal Exhaust Emission
Page 109 and 110:
Table 4.20 Federal Exhaust Emission
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2 2 % 0” z Table 4.22 Federal Exh
Page 113 and 114:
Gasoline Hydrocarbons (HC) Nitrogen
Page 115 and 116:
I Califknia’s Low-Emission Vehicl
Page 117 and 118:
Source Figure 5.1 Table 5.4 Table 5
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Figure 5.1. Gasoline Prices for Sel
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- I . I . I . I I Figure 5.2. Diese
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Year Current Diesel fuel a Constant
Page 125 and 126:
Table 5.6 State Taxes on Motor Fuel
Page 127 and 128:
As of January 2000, only five state
Page 129 and 130:
I In current dollars, import cars,
Page 131 and 132:
I The total cost of operating an au
Page 133 and 134:
Year 1970 1980 1990 1997 1998 1970
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Employees of motor vehicle and rela
Page 137 and 138:
Source Table 6.1 Table 6.2 Table 6.
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Year China India Japan France 1950
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1970 1971 1972 E 1973 2 1974 4 1975
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Table 6.5 Highway Vehicle Miles Tra
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Table 6.7 Trucks in Operation and V
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I Using current registration data a
Page 149 and 150:
I Using current registration data a
Page 151 and 152:
Source Chapter 7 Light Vehicles and
Page 153 and 154:
The Federal Highway Administration
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Table 7.4 New Retail Sales of Truck
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Table 7.6 Period Sales, Market Shar
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Table 7.8 Sales-Weighted Engine Siz
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Sales period” 1976 1977 1978 1979
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0.8 F 0 0.6 u' 2 s = 0.4 0.2 Figure
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I The average auto lost over 300pou
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I The number of conventional refuel
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Table 7.17 Corporate Average Fuel E
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Fuel Economy by Vehicle Speed ORNL
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I The two earlier studies by the Fe
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Speed (mph) 1988 1993 Chevrolet Sub
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I The New York Test Cycle was devel
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Table 7.23 Occupant Fatalities by V
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B0 P I In 1998, nearly 40% of all p
Page 183 and 184:
Source Table 8.1 Table 8.1 Table 8.
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Table 8.2 New Retail Truck Sales by
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I These tables illustrate the diffe
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Trucks Trucks (%) Miles per truck T
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I Nearly 1 GO% of all truckfleets u
Page 193 and 194:
Commodity Flow Survey The Commodity
Page 195 and 196:
Some,freight activities, such as pi
Page 197 and 198:
Chapter 9 Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Page 199 and 200:
I There are more LPG vehicles in us
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Table 9.3 Estimates of Heavy Altern
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This list includes public and priva
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Figure 9.1 Map of Clean Cities as o
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The Partnership for a New Generatio
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. mm . . . SigniJicant changes have
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1 o-4 ama . . . .I . I TheseJleet d
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1 O-G @Ea6Ll I VW . . I Department
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10-8 I The Energy Policy Act of 199
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. D. Year 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970
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11-4 I Household vehicle ownership
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1 l-6 e. . The 1995 NPTS data shoul
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11-8 El . . TRANSPORTATIONENERGYDAT
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oooz-02 NOI.I>Ia~ :>I008 VLVa A!X%N
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11-12 I As households owned more ve
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11-14 a. . I In 1995 the average jo
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11-16 I3 . . Table 11.14 National a
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. D. Principal means of transportat
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. D. 90- IO- O- Figure 11.5. Shares
Page 238 and 239:
Table 12.1 Summary Statistics for U
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124 In the early seventies, domesti
Page 242 and 243:
Fifty-six percent of all domestic m
Page 244 and 245:
Table 12.7 Summary’Statistics for
Page 246 and 247:
12-10 The number of trailers and co
Page 248 and 249:
Table 12.11 Summary Statistics for
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A-2 AAMA APTA Amtrak Btu DOC DOE DO
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A-4 Trucks Off-Highway Nonhighwav A
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A-6 Rail Total: Sum of freight and
Page 256 and 257:
A-8 Buses Trucks Sum of transit, in
Page 258 and 259:
A-10 Pipeline Rail Recreational Boa
Page 260 and 261:
A-12 Highway Automobiles Personal T
Page 262 and 263:
A-14 Nonhighway Air Recreational Bo
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A-16 Pipeline Rail Natural Gas: Ton
Page 266 and 267:
A-18 Light Trucks Buses Vmt - DOT,
Page 268 and 269:
A-20 Highway Table 2.14 Energy Inte
Page 270 and 271:
A-22 Trucks Stock - Vehicles in use
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A-24 Energy Use Transit buses: Amer
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B-2 Automotive gasoline Diesel moto
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B-4 Table B.3 Energy Unit Conversio
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B-6 Table B.7 Volume and Flow Rate
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FROM Pound Kilogram Pound 1 0.4536
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B-10 One million million millionth
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B-12 Conversion of Constant Dollar
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Table B.14 Gross National Product (
Page 288 and 289:
c-2 Table C.l Census Divisions and
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GLOSSARY Acceleration power - Measu
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Bunker - A storage tank. Bunkering
Page 295 and 296:
separating facilities. Crude oil pr
Page 297 and 298:
General aviation - That portion of
Page 299 and 300:
Lease Condensate - A liquid recover
Page 301 and 302:
Oil Stocks - Oil stocks include cru
Page 303 and 304:
Petroleum inventories: The amounts
Page 305 and 306:
Single unit truck - Includes two-ax
Page 307 and 308:
TITLE INDEX TRANSPORTATION ENERGY D
Page 309 and 310:
Alternative (continued) NEAR-TERM T
Page 311 and 312:
Aviation Axle Barrel Summary Statis
Page 313 and 314:
Certification (continued) Cities Ci
Page 315 and 316:
Corporate Corporate Average Fuel Ec
Page 317 and 318:
Dioxide International Man-Made Emis
Page 319 and 320:
Emission (continued) LONG-TERM Tech
Page 321 and 322:
Engine Sales-Weighted Engine Size o
Page 323 and 324:
Fleet Fleet Vehicles in Service as
Page 325 and 326:
Fuels (continued) Gallon Gas Gases
Page 327 and 328:
Heavy (continued) Federal Exhaust E
Page 329 and 330:
International Summary Statistics fo
Page 331 and 332:
Material Matter Average Material Co
Page 333 and 334:
Nitrogen Total National Emissions o
Page 335 and 336:
Percentage (continued) Periods Pers
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Prices CrudeOilPrices,1870-98 . . .
Page 339 and 340:
Retail (continued) New Retail Sales
Page 341 and 342:
Shares Shares of Long-Distance Pers
Page 343 and 344:
s toc1< s toc1
Page 345 and 346:
Time Tire Ton Average Length of Tim
Page 347 and 348:
Trucks (continued) Unit Federal Exh
Page 349 and 350:
Vehicle (continued) Employees of Mo
Page 351:
Work World Journey-to-Work Statisti
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