Class-8 Heavy Truck Duty Cycle Project Final Report - Center for ...

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performance of their next generation single tires against the standard dual tires used by most of the industry. Because of the energy efficiency aspect of their research interest, Michelin’s collaboration on this project was endorsed by DOE. For the pilot test, Michelin provided a full set of new generation single tires for the tractor-trailer, provided a full set of the standard dual tires, and provided the use of a V-Box data collection system at no charge to the project. Data on fuel consumption and associated parameters would be shared with Michelin. A verbal agreement to participate as a partner in the HVDC project was provided by Ibrahim Janajreh of Michelin in January 2005. 3.3.1.2 USDOT/FMCSA/NHTSA and Virginia Tech Interactions: As the project kicked off in January 2005, ORNL re-contacted FMCSA to assess interest in participating in the HVDC project. Although interested, FMCSA, as well as other USDOT agencies were still in a continuing budget resolution, and had been since October 2003. No firm commitment was received from FMCSA. A request was made by FMCSA to keep them informed about the HVDC efforts, and to start a dialogue with Virginia Tech who had conducted some naturalistic driving efforts for FMCSA in the past. Also requested was that ORNL re-communicate with FMCSA after the pilot test ended and before the field test was to be initiated. Rich Hanowski of Virginia Tech was contacted in 2004 regarding the HVDC pilot test; but because of their lack of funding, no firm commitments were made. As suggested by FMCSA, ORNL kept FMCSA aware of progress during the pilot test, and initiated discussions with representatives of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) (Duane Perrin, Jim Britell and Tim Johnson). In late fall-2005, as the HVDC pilot testing was underway, ORNL arranged a meeting with both FMCSA (Jeff Loftus and Luke Loy) and NHTSA (Tim Johnson and Jim Britell) to discuss HVDC progress and explore interest in the field testing effort. The meetings were held in early December 2005. Again, interest was expressed, but no commitments were made. Additional interactions were pursued in winter, 2005; again, with no commitments made. The window for USDOT participation is closing due to the need to finalize field test instrumentation in March, 2006. In February, 2006, ORNL contacted Ms. Debbie Freund (FMCSA) and Mr. Bob Carroll (FMCSA) who have been working in the areas of tire inflation systems and driver fatigue/naturalistic driving, respectively. No feedback about joint efforts has been received. 3.3.1.3 Kick-Off Meeting: A Project kick-off meeting was held at Michelin’s Research Center in Greenville SC on February 7, 2005. Representatives from Michelin, Dana and ORNL were present. Representatives from ANL and Virginia Tech participated via a conference-call. The meeting went very well with all representatives extremely excited about this work. An initial list of sensors and duty cycle parameters was produced. 3.3.1.4 Memorandums of Agreement: ORNL drafted memorandums of agreement (MOAs) between ORNL and Dana, and ORNL and Michelin, respectively in February, 2005. Copies were forwarded to Dana and Michelin, and a small number of suggested changes were made and finalized in March, 2005. The MOAs were sent to ORNL contracts in April, 2005 and although these documents were not considered to be legally binding, ORNL’s contracts office was unable to help project staff A-10
develop versions that could be sent to Dana and Michelin for their signatures. After considerable interaction with ORNL’s contracts office through July, 2005, further pursuance of a signed MOU between ORNL and Dana and ORNL and Michelin were abandoned. 3.3.1.5 21 st Century Truck: ORNL was invited by the 21 st Century Truck Partnership (21CTP) Industry Working Group (IWG), to provide an overview of the HVDC project at a 21CTP-IWG meeting held at DOT’s Nassif Building in Washington, DC on March 21, 2005. The presentation was well received, and participants verbally agreed that the baseline data to be collected within the HVDC could be valuable as a benchmark against which the performance of 21CTP technologies could be compared. 3.3.1.6 Post-Pilot Test Discussions: As the pilot testing came to an end in January 2006, discussions regarding the initiation of the field tests became more active. Discussions held in January and February, 2006 identified the candidate fleets for the Field Test, their base of operations, and their hours of operations/yr. In addition, progress was made in determining the roles of Partners in the Field Test buildup, integration, and test conduction. 3.3.2 Task 2: Identification of Relevant Heavy Truck Performance Measures and Development of a Pilot Testing Plan. The objectives of the HVDC project are to gather real-world long-haul data that can: a) generate duty cycle information on tractor-trailers engaged in long-haul activities, b) support development, testing and evaluation of the ANL class-8 module of the PSAT code, and c) to provide a data archive on long-haul trucking for use by DOE in associated technology decisions, and by researchers involved in energy efficiency studies. Because funding for the HVDC effort was not unlimited, the primary performance measures to be collected would be those that support PSAT class-8 model development, and the Dana and Michelin interests related to vehicle dynamics and fuel consumption. The method used to compile this information was the development of a performance measurement survey sheet that was prepared and circulated to partners in February, 2005. 3.3.2.1 PSAT Efforts: In order to better understand the performance measures of interest to PSAT, ORNL initiated efforts shortly after the initiation of the project in January 2005 to gather information about PSAT, interface with PSAT developers at ANL, and to get PSAT up and running at ORNL. In January, 2005, ORNL obtained a two-year license from ANL for PSAT, and received the PSAT CD and its USB key. In February, 2005, a copy of Simulink was obtained, but initial efforts to get the simulation system functioning were unsuccessful. Success in running PSAT at ORNL was achieved in March, 2005. Through this experience and with interactions with PSAT staff at ANL, a comprehensive list of PSAT performance measures were identified. 3.3.2.2 Performance Measurement Survey Sheets: The performance measurement survey sheets were sent to Dana, Michelin and ANL in February, 2005 and were completed and returned to ORNL in early March, 2005. Integration of these performance measures with those compiled by ORNL stemming from the PSAT experience provided a long and comprehensive list of candidate performance measures. A draft report on the compiled Performance Measures was completed in A-11
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Class-8 Heavy Truck Duty Cycle Proj
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Vehicle Systems Program ORNL/TM-200
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2.7 LAUNCH OF THE FOT (OCTOBER 23,
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40 Connection and Support Structure
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LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Pilot T
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Oak Ridge Nati
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Sixty channels of data were collect
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xviii
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The data analyses performed in Phas
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Fig. 2. HHDDT Transient Mode In add
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vehicle; 3) a transit bus; 4) a nei
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payload and accessory load would al
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Data # Performance Measure Benefit
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Data # Performance Measure Benefit
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Fig. 10. NGK NOx/O2 Sensors Fig. 11
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1.3.4 De-instrumentation: Following
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Fig. 16. Pilot Test North-South Rou
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GPS information collected with the
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2.1 REVIEW OF PERFORMANCE MEASURE R
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2.3.2 Performance Measures Fig. 18.
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Signal Sensor 53 Road Grade Calcula
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2.3.6 Tractor and Trailer Details F
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determined that the particular CANo
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Cable runs to and from sensors were
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2.8 CONDUCTION OF FOT The FOT laste
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3. INTERNET DATA ACCESS TOOL The HT
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Fig. 30. Search Results The file se
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When the button “Extract Data”
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Data Fig. 33. Segment Merging In ad
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Fig. 36 shows the synthetic cycle g
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Fig. 39. A Synthetic Duty Cycle wit
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tractors) as well as the maximum to
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vehicle was carrying a heavy load o
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Vehicle Speed [mph] Vehicle Speed [
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5.2 REAL-WORLD DUTY CYCLES Informat
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Vehicle Speed [mph] 70 60 50 40 30
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Given the size and complexity of th
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data or out-of-range data. Therefor
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6.1.1 Spatial Information Using the
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For those cases in which an instrum
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Fig. 56. DCGenT Prototype Search Cr
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at constant speed. Parameters m, b,
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Page 100 and 101: Table 15. General Statistics: Total
Page 102 and 103: 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Idli
Page 104 and 105: Fig. 68. All Trips with Dual Tires
Page 106 and 107: The almost 700,000 miles logged dur
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Page 110 and 111: Speed [mph] 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
Page 112 and 113: vehicle is hauling light or heavy l
Page 114 and 115: Frequency 350 300 250 200 150 100 5
Page 116 and 117: A summary of the statistics describ
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Page 120 and 121: 6.3.2.4 Summary of Fuel Efficiency
Page 122 and 123: Lesson Learned: A technology progre
Page 124 and 125: Lesson Learned: Adding external sen
Page 126 and 127: know if the vehicle was “filled u
Page 129 and 130: 8. SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSIO
Page 131 and 132: 9. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The Heavy Truc
Page 133: Appendix A PILOT TEST LETTER REPORT
Page 136 and 137: 1.0 BACKGROUND 2.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW
Page 138 and 139: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors wish t
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Page 144 and 145: March and provided to the ORNL Prog
Page 146 and 147: Between January, 2005 and May, 2005
Page 148 and 149: Figure 4: NGK Sensor Figure 5: Omeg
Page 150 and 151: o Date and Time o Wind Speed o Wind
Page 152 and 153: Figures 28 through 31 show the ball
Page 154 and 155: Figure 22: Airweigh System Figure 2
Page 156 and 157: DVD. Figures 35 and 36 show some of
Page 158 and 159: 3.3.7.1 Pre-Analysis Efforts: As th
Page 160 and 161: Task 1: Identification of Fleet(s)
Page 162 and 163: Data # Performance Measure Performa
Page 164 and 165: Sensor or eDaq Performance Performa
Page 166 and 167: 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 Measure
Page 168 and 169: Data # 62 63 64 65-67 68-69 70-71 7
Page 170 and 171: Data # Performance Measure 87 Headi
Page 172 and 173: Appendix A-B Final Pilot Test Plan
Page 174 and 175: • DAS/sensor suite/cabling operab
Page 176 and 177: 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Lateral Velocit
Page 178 and 179: 34 Rain Intensity 35 36 37 38 39 40
Page 180 and 181: 59 60 61 62 63 64 65-67 68-69 70-71
Page 182 and 183: 85 Longitude 86 Velocity 87 Heading
Page 184 and 185: 3.2 Sensors The PMs listed in Table
Page 186 and 187: vehicles will be dedicated to the p
Page 188 and 189: DATE TEST ENGINEER: DRIVER: DEPARTI
Page 190 and 191: Jim Ridge, Dana Product Engineer, w
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Table 5.1 October Route and Schedul
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Table 5.2 December Route and Schedu
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Appendix A-C Field Test Signals 64
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9 Performance Measure Performance M
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Performance Measure 25 Rain Duratio
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Letter Report SUMMARY OF RELEVANT H
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Sensor or Performance Data Sensor o
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GAWR 44 lb AirWeigh 5800 Road Surfa
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Appendix B SCHRADER MEMORANDUM OF U
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MOU-UTB-2007001 Schrader Trucking C
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MOU-UTB-2007001 Schrader Trucking C
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Appendix C FIELD OPERATIONAL TEST P
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Collection, Analysis, and Archiving
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4.0 APPROACH Phases 2 and 3 of the
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Signal Sensor 60 Tractor-Trailer Ma
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Schrader Trucking will provide six
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Sensitive Information] [Partner Sen
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4.6 Sensor and DAS Integration to T
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5.5 Vehicle Deployment Methodology
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Start address: 2360 Cherahala Blvd
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Figure 6.2: Schrader Shop, Far Left
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Figure 6.7: eDAQ Lite with two Vehi
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6.5 Safety Information For Student
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Appendix D SYSTEM DESIGN AND OPERAT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Collection, Analy
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9.1.2. Shutdown Procedure 9.1.3. SI
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Signal Sensor 26 Cruise Control Acc
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Figure 4.1: Air-Weigh System Compon
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4.5. EDAQ The eDAQ Lite is connecte
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the equipment inside from overheati
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5.4. Weather Station Connections Fi
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Figure 5.5.3: VBOX Cable Table 5.5.
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Figure 6.3: Weather Station Locatio
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6.6 Power Supply Use a second cable
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can also be changed from this windo
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on and the yellow light should begi
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Figure 7.1.3-1: Weather Station and
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Speed unit: m/s Sampling frequency:
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iii) Click on Browse to find and op
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c) Power Controller (Power) - no co
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1) Select the Transducer and Messag
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Figure 7.2.4-2: Adding Transducer C
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Figure 7.2.4-3: Editing DIO Vehicle
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A. Changing Units - Converting tran
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C. Coordinates - Assign correct sig
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switch) Table 7.2.5: Contents of Ti
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Trigger Delay Setup: Check Enable d
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Figure 7.2.5-6: Time Base Shifter S
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Units: Full Scale Estimate - Min: 0
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Figure 7.2.6-2: Burst History Data
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Press Ctrl+3 (or click Run in the T
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8.2. Procedures for Heavy Truck Dut
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d) Turn on the ignition. e) Turn on
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4) Change the IP address field to t
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5) Check to see that the computer c
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e) When all SIC files have been sav
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4) To verify the time setting, go t
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e) Alter the id, mask, value, etc.
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Longitudinal CAN 0x87FF 0x0304 Long
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ULSB 0x98EAFFFBC1FE00 MaxVehSpLm CA
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Figure 9.1.6-2: Performing a ColdSt
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Table 9.2.2-1: Descriptions and Uni
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Channel ID Sensor Format Integer? P
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Channel ID eDAQ Invalid Data Value
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Channel ID Resolution Accuracy Note
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9.3. Appendix C: Additional DAS Not
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e replicated and saved as five iden
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2) Type in “cmd” 3) Type “ipc
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Producing multiple setup files 1) G
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9.4. Appendix D: Checklists and For
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D-96
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9.5. Appendix E: References and Web
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E-3
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E-5
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E-7
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E-9
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E-11
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E-13
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E-15
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E-17
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E-19
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E-21
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E-23
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E-25
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E-27
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E-29
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E-33
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E-35
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E-39
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