Class-8 Heavy Truck Duty Cycle Project Final Report - Center for ...

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40 Connection and Support Structure of WVU's Chassis Dynamometer .....................................49 41 Performance Chart (Based on 1,800 RPM Engine Operating at 1,550 RPM/62 mph)............50 42 Engine Torque and Vehicle Speed vs. Engine RPM ...............................................................51 43 Engine Power and Vehicle Speed vs. Engine RPM.................................................................51 44 Observed Operation Points (Truck 4, Loaded and Unloaded).................................................52 45 Test Points for Proposed Vehicle Mapping .............................................................................53 46 Vehicle Speed Map for Each Gear...........................................................................................54 47 Proposed Mapping for Duty Cycle Type A .............................................................................54 48 Proposed Mapping for Duty Cycle Type B .............................................................................55 49 WVU Implemented Mapping of the Selected Duty Cycle (Duty Cycle Type A, Run 5259-2).....................................................................................................................................55 50 Truck 4 Duty Cycle (Loaded Truck) .......................................................................................56 51 Implemented Truck 4 Duty Cycle (Run 5271-4).....................................................................57 52 Heavy Duty Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (EPA's UDDS Cycle D).......................57 53 Implemented Heavy Duty Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) (Run 5270- 2) ..............................................................................................................................................58 54 Truck 4 Trips, by Week for a Month of Preliminary Testing..................................................60 55 One-Degree Wide Grids for Roadway Identification ..............................................................64 56 DCGenT Prototype Search Criteria Dialog Box......................................................................68 57 Tractor and Total Truck Weight vs. Acceleration - Light Load ..............................................70 58 Tractor and Total Truck Weight vs. Acceleration - Medium Load .........................................71 59 Tractor and Total Truck Weight vs. Acceleration - Heavy Load ............................................71 60 Truck Total Weight (All Trucks, Weight Tickets) ..................................................................72 61 Truck Total Weight (All Trucks, AirWeight Devices on Both the Tractor and Trailer) .........73 62 Fuel Consumption Estimation Errors.......................................................................................75 63 Fuel Consumption for Truck T ................................................................................................76 64 Fuel Consumption for Truck T'................................................................................................78 65 Distributions of Time Spend and Fuel Consumed while Idling (All Trucks, Short-Haul) ......81 66 Distributions of Time Spent and Fuel Consumed while Idling (All Trucks, Long-Haul) .......81 67 Distributions of Time Spent and Fuel Consumed while Idling (All Trucks, All Trips) ..........82 68 All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer.................................84 69 All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on the Tractor and NGSWBTs Mounted on the Trailer.......................................................................................................................................84 70 All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on the Tractor and Dual Tires Mounted on the Trailer.......................................................................................................................................85 71 All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer ...............................85 72 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-Mile Segments (All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer).......................................................87 73 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments (All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on the Tractor and NGSWBTs on the Trailer) .......................................88 74 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments (All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on the Tractor and Duals on the Trailer)...............................................88 75 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments (All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer) .....................................................89 76 First Hour of a Duty Cycle Corresponding to a Randomly Selected 100-mile Segment, All Trips with Duals Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer (Segment 22, Truck 2, Fuel Efficiency = 7.16 mpg) ................................................................................................90 77 First Hour of a Duty Cycle Corresponding to a Randomly Selected 100-Mile Segment, All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer (Segment 174, Truck 5, Fuel Efficiency = 7.63 mpg)......................................................................................90 vi
78 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments, All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer: Heavy Load Case .................................. 93 79 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments, All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on the Tractor and NGSWBTs on the Trailer: Heavy Load Case .................. 93 80 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments, All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on the Tractor and Duals on the Trailer: Heavy Load Case ................. 94 81 Distribution of Fuel Efficiencies Computed for 100-mile Segments, All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer: Heavy Load Case........................ 94 82 First Hour of a Duty Cycle Corresponding to a Randomly Selected 100-mile Segment, All Trips with Dual Tires Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer: Medium Load Case (Segment 62, Truck 6, Fuel Efficiency = 5.39 mpg) ...................................................... 95 83 First Hour of a Duty Cycle Corresponding to a Randomly Selected 100-mile Segment, All Trips with NGSWBTs Mounted on Both the Tractor and the Trailer: Medium Load Case (Segment 7, Truck 3, Fuel Efficiency = 7.35 mpg) ........................................................ 95 84 Class-8 Truck Fuel Efficiency as a Function of Speed and Truck-Tire Combination, and Percentage of Total Distance Traveled as a Function of Speed........................................ 99 85 Class-8 Truck Percent of Total Fuel Consumed as a Function of Speed and Truck- Combination ............................................................................................................................ 99 vii
Page 1 and 2: Class-8 Heavy Truck Duty Cycle Proj
Page 3: Vehicle Systems Program ORNL/TM-200
Page 6 and 7: 2.7 LAUNCH OF THE FOT (OCTOBER 23,
Page 11: LIST OF TABLES Table Page 1 Pilot T
Page 15: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Oak Ridge Nati
Page 18 and 19: Sixty channels of data were collect
Page 20 and 21: xviii
Page 22 and 23: The data analyses performed in Phas
Page 24 and 25: Fig. 2. HHDDT Transient Mode In add
Page 26 and 27: vehicle; 3) a transit bus; 4) a nei
Page 28 and 29: payload and accessory load would al
Page 30 and 31: Data # Performance Measure Benefit
Page 32 and 33: Data # Performance Measure Benefit
Page 34 and 35: Fig. 10. NGK NOx/O2 Sensors Fig. 11
Page 36 and 37: 1.3.4 De-instrumentation: Following
Page 38 and 39: Fig. 16. Pilot Test North-South Rou
Page 40 and 41: GPS information collected with the
Page 42 and 43: 2.1 REVIEW OF PERFORMANCE MEASURE R
Page 44 and 45: 2.3.2 Performance Measures Fig. 18.
Page 46 and 47: Signal Sensor 53 Road Grade Calcula
Page 48 and 49: 2.3.6 Tractor and Trailer Details F
Page 50 and 51: determined that the particular CANo
Page 52 and 53: Cable runs to and from sensors were
Page 54 and 55: 2.8 CONDUCTION OF FOT The FOT laste
Page 57 and 58: 3. INTERNET DATA ACCESS TOOL The HT
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Fig. 30. Search Results The file se
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When the button “Extract Data”
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Data Fig. 33. Segment Merging In ad
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Fig. 36 shows the synthetic cycle g
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Fig. 39. A Synthetic Duty Cycle wit
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tractors) as well as the maximum to
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vehicle was carrying a heavy load o
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Vehicle Speed [mph] Vehicle Speed [
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5.2 REAL-WORLD DUTY CYCLES Informat
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Vehicle Speed [mph] 70 60 50 40 30
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Given the size and complexity of th
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data or out-of-range data. Therefor
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6.1.1 Spatial Information Using the
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For those cases in which an instrum
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Fig. 56. DCGenT Prototype Search Cr
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at constant speed. Parameters m, b,
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weight. Notice that, as expected, m
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the loss of information, and conseq
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consumption per unit of distance tr
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q q ( − ) ( feb'− feb) 100 '
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Table 15. General Statistics: Total
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70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Idli
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Fig. 68. All Trips with Dual Tires
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The almost 700,000 miles logged dur
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Frequency 300 250 200 150 100 50 0
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Speed [mph] 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10
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vehicle is hauling light or heavy l
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Frequency 350 300 250 200 150 100 5
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A summary of the statistics describ
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analysis controlling for the type o
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6.3.2.4 Summary of Fuel Efficiency
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Lesson Learned: A technology progre
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Lesson Learned: Adding external sen
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know if the vehicle was “filled u
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8. SUMMARY OF RESULTS AND CONCLUSIO
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9. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The Heavy Truc
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Appendix A PILOT TEST LETTER REPORT
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1.0 BACKGROUND 2.0 PROJECT OVERVIEW
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors wish t
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evaluate the data collection system
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performance of their next generatio
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March and provided to the ORNL Prog
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Between January, 2005 and May, 2005
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Figure 4: NGK Sensor Figure 5: Omeg
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o Date and Time o Wind Speed o Wind
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Figures 28 through 31 show the ball
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Figure 22: Airweigh System Figure 2
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DVD. Figures 35 and 36 show some of
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3.3.7.1 Pre-Analysis Efforts: As th
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Task 1: Identification of Fleet(s)
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Data # Performance Measure Performa
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Sensor or eDaq Performance Performa
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45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 Measure
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Data # 62 63 64 65-67 68-69 70-71 7
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Data # Performance Measure 87 Headi
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Appendix A-B Final Pilot Test Plan
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• DAS/sensor suite/cabling operab
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9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Lateral Velocit
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34 Rain Intensity 35 36 37 38 39 40
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59 60 61 62 63 64 65-67 68-69 70-71
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85 Longitude 86 Velocity 87 Heading
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3.2 Sensors The PMs listed in Table
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vehicles will be dedicated to the p
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DATE TEST ENGINEER: DRIVER: DEPARTI
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Jim Ridge, Dana Product Engineer, w
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Table 5.1 October Route and Schedul
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Table 5.2 December Route and Schedu
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Appendix A-C Field Test Signals 64
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9 Performance Measure Performance M
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Performance Measure 25 Rain Duratio
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Letter Report SUMMARY OF RELEVANT H
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Sensor or Performance Data Sensor o
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GAWR 44 lb AirWeigh 5800 Road Surfa
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Appendix B SCHRADER MEMORANDUM OF U
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MOU-UTB-2007001 Schrader Trucking C
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MOU-UTB-2007001 Schrader Trucking C
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Appendix C FIELD OPERATIONAL TEST P
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Collection, Analysis, and Archiving
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4.0 APPROACH Phases 2 and 3 of the
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Signal Sensor 60 Tractor-Trailer Ma
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Schrader Trucking will provide six
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Sensitive Information] [Partner Sen
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4.6 Sensor and DAS Integration to T
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5.5 Vehicle Deployment Methodology
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Start address: 2360 Cherahala Blvd
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Figure 6.2: Schrader Shop, Far Left
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Figure 6.7: eDAQ Lite with two Vehi
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6.5 Safety Information For Student
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Appendix D SYSTEM DESIGN AND OPERAT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Collection, Analy
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9.1.2. Shutdown Procedure 9.1.3. SI
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Signal Sensor 26 Cruise Control Acc
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Figure 4.1: Air-Weigh System Compon
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4.5. EDAQ The eDAQ Lite is connecte
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the equipment inside from overheati
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5.4. Weather Station Connections Fi
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Figure 5.5.3: VBOX Cable Table 5.5.
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Figure 6.3: Weather Station Locatio
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6.6 Power Supply Use a second cable
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can also be changed from this windo
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on and the yellow light should begi
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Figure 7.1.3-1: Weather Station and
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Speed unit: m/s Sampling frequency:
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iii) Click on Browse to find and op
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c) Power Controller (Power) - no co
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1) Select the Transducer and Messag
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Figure 7.2.4-2: Adding Transducer C
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Figure 7.2.4-3: Editing DIO Vehicle
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A. Changing Units - Converting tran
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C. Coordinates - Assign correct sig
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switch) Table 7.2.5: Contents of Ti
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Trigger Delay Setup: Check Enable d
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Figure 7.2.5-6: Time Base Shifter S
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Units: Full Scale Estimate - Min: 0
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Figure 7.2.6-2: Burst History Data
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Press Ctrl+3 (or click Run in the T
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8.2. Procedures for Heavy Truck Dut
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d) Turn on the ignition. e) Turn on
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4) Change the IP address field to t
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5) Check to see that the computer c
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e) When all SIC files have been sav
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4) To verify the time setting, go t
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e) Alter the id, mask, value, etc.
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Longitudinal CAN 0x87FF 0x0304 Long
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ULSB 0x98EAFFFBC1FE00 MaxVehSpLm CA
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Figure 9.1.6-2: Performing a ColdSt
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Table 9.2.2-1: Descriptions and Uni
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Channel ID Sensor Format Integer? P
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Channel ID eDAQ Invalid Data Value
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Channel ID Resolution Accuracy Note
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9.3. Appendix C: Additional DAS Not
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e replicated and saved as five iden
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2) Type in “cmd” 3) Type “ipc
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Producing multiple setup files 1) G
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9.4. Appendix D: Checklists and For
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D-96
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9.5. Appendix E: References and Web
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E-3
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E-5
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E-7
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E-9
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E-11
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E-13
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E-15
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E-17
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E-19
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E-21
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E-23
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E-25
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E-27
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E-29
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E-31
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E-33
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E-35
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E-37
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E-39
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E-41
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