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11 IMSC Session Program Different definitions of the North Atlantic oscillation index: A comparison of their effects on surface climate elements in Europe Monday - Poster Session 4 Lucie Pokorná and Radan Huth Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic The aim of this work is to compare various definitions of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index that have frequently been employed in recent studies. The period used for the comparison is 1958-1998 and only winter and summer seasons are analyzed. We examine seven definitions of the monthly NAO indices and scores (scores were derived from rotated solutions of principal component analysis): • Index based on normalized sea level pressure (SLP) anomaly between Ponta Delgada, Azores, and Stykkisholmur, Iceland, • Index based on SLP anomaly between Gibraltar and Reykjavik, Iceland, • Index based on SLP anomaly between the centres of the Azores High (AH) and Icelandic Low (IL), • The first principal component of 4 characteristics of the NAO centres: SLP anomalies in the centres of the AH and IL and their latitudes, • Rotated principal component score of the NAO mode for the field of the 500 hPa geopotential heights in the CDAS dataset (produced by the National Weather Service, NOAA), • Rotated principal component score of the NAO mode for the 500 hPa height field in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis, • Rotated principal component score of the NAO mode for the SLP field in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis. The correlations of indices with four climatic elements over Europe are used for comparison: mean monthly maximum and minimum surface temperature, the number of days with precipitation ≥0.1 mm, and monthly precipitation amounts. The climate elements are defined at 82 stations across whole Europe and are taken from the ECA&D database. Correlation among the indices and scores range from 0.64 to 0.86 in winter, while from 0.50 to 0.87 in summer; correlations of all pairs of indices and scores are statistically significant. The NAO is clearly defined in winter, the location of the centres varying only little among different definitions. The differences in the surface climate response between the indices and scores in winter are small and statistically insignificant for the major part of Europe. The character of the subtropical centre is sensitive to the definition of the NAO in summer. It shifts westward and northward for the definition based on SLP, the western, central, and northern Europe being influenced by a weak positive anomaly during the positive phase of NAO. For the definition based on 500 hPa heights, the southern centre of the NAO splits into two cells, all Europe except the Mediterranean being influenced by a strong positive anomaly. The correlations of the NAO indices with surface temperature and Abstracts 41
11 IMSC Session Program precipitation are generally weak and insignificant in summer except for the stationbased NAO indices. The largest and statistically significant differences between indices and scores were found for western and central Europe, while on the Iberian peninsula, in the Mediterranean and northwestern Europe all indices produce similar correlations (mostly weak and statistically insignificant except northwestern Europe). Abstracts 42
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