A generic framework for Arabic to English machine ... - Acsu Buffalo

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Omar gave Khalid the book. ֒mr ֓a֒t.ā h ˘ āld ālktāb Omar gave Sarah the book. ֒mr ֓a֒t.ā sārh ālktāb Omar is giving Khalid the book. ֒mr y֒t.y h ˘ āld ālktāb Omar is giving Sarah the book. ֒mr y֒t.y sārh ālktāb Sarah is giving Khalid the book. sārh t֒t.y h ˘ āld ālktāb Sarah is giving Eman the book. sārh t֒t.y ֓iymān ālktāb Sarah gave Eman the book. sārh ֓a֒t.t ֓iymān ālktāb Sarah gave Khalid the book. sārh ֓a֒t.t hāld ālktāb ˘ He gave Khalid the book. hw ֓a֒t.ā h ˘ āld ālktāb He gave Khalid the book. ֓a֒t.ā hw h ˘ āld ālktāb He gave Sarah the book. hw ֓a֒t.ā sārh ālktāb He gave Sarah the book. ֓a֒t.ā hw sārh ālktāb He is giving Khalid the book. hw y֒t.y h ˘ āld ālktāb She is giving Sarah the book. hy t֒t.y sārh ālktāb She is giving Khalid the book. hy t֒t.y h ˘ āld ālktāb She gave Sarah the book. hy ֓a֒t.t sārh ālktāb She gave Sarah the book. ֓a֒t.t hy sārh ālktāb She gave Khalid the book. hy ֓a֒t.t h ˘ āld ālktāb She gave Khalid the book. ֓a֒t.t hy h ˘ āld ālktāb 158
Omar gave the book to Khalid. ֒mr ֓a֒t.ā lh ˘ āld ālktāb Omar gave the book to Khalid. ֒mr ֓a֒t.ā ālktāb lh ˘ āld Omar gave the book to Khalid. ֒mr y֒t.y lh ˘ āld ālktāb Omar is giving the book to Khalid. ֒mr y֒t.y ālktāb lh ˘ āld Omar is giving the book to Sarah. ֒mr y֒t.y ālktāb lsārh Omar is giving the book to Sarah. ֒mr y֒t.y lsārh ālktāb Omar gave the book to Sarah. ֒mr ֓a֒t.ā ālktāb lsārh Omar gave the book to Sarah. ֒mr ֓a֒t.ā lsārh ālktāb Eman is giving the book to Khalid. ֓iymān t֒t.y lh ˘ āld ālktāb Eman is giving the book to Khalid. ֓iymān t֒t.y ālktāb lh ˘ āld Eman is giving the book to Sarah. ֓iymān t֒t.y ālktāb lsārh Eman is giving the book to Sarah. ֓iymān t֒t.y lsārh ālktāb He gave the book to Khalid. hw ֓a֒t.ā lh ˘ āld ālktāb He gave a book to Khalid. hw ֓a֒t.ā ktāb lh ˘ āld He is giving a book to Khalid. hw y֒t.y lh ˘ āld ktāb He is giving a book to Khalid. hw y֒t.y ktāb lh ˘ āld He is giving a book to Sarah. hw y֒t.y ktāb lsārh 159
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A generic framework for Arabic to E
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sentence and its linking algorithm
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Declaration I herby certify that th
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advices, but also academically and
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CONTENTS 2.3.1.2 Indefinite nouns .
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CONTENTS 4.4.1 Non-Roman alphabet s
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CONTENTS 7.2.8 Limitation of UniAra
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LIST OF FIGURES 4.4 Difference betw
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List of Tables 2.1 Dual: merely add
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LIST OF TABLES 5.9 Test strategy: p
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1 Introduction The following paragr
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high-quality translation technology
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1.3. TECHNOLOGIES ditransitive). Th
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1.4. THESIS ORGANIZATION 2009b). Ch
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2.1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ARABIC
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2.2 Characteristics of Arabic words
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2.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF ARABIC WORD
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2.3. PART OF SPEECH INVENTORY OF TH
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2.3.4 Verbs 2.3. PART OF SPEECH INV
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2.3.4.2 Aspect 2.3. PART OF SPEECH
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2.3. PART OF SPEECH INVENTORY OF TH
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2.4.1.1 Verb and noun 2.4. SENTENCE
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Table 2.27: verb(V), subject(S) and
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3 Role and Reference Grammar (RRG)
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3.1. ROLE AND REFERENCE GRAMMAR LIN
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3.2. FORMAL REPRESENTATION OF LAYER
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3.3. NOUN PHRASE STRUCTURE appropri
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3.4. LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR VE
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3.5. WHY WE USE RRG AS THE LINGUIST
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3.5. WHY WE USE RRG AS THE LINGUIST
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3.6. SUMMARY there will be more com
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4.1. ADVANTAGES OF MACHINE TRANSLAT
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4.2.3 Lexical databases 4.2. COMPUT
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4.3.2 Direct translation 4.3. BASIC
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4.3. BASIC MACHINE TRANSLATION STRA
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would also be needed for an interli
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4.4.1 Non-Roman alphabet scripts 4.
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Figure 4.5: NP rule (NP -> det n pp
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4.5. CHALLENGES OF ARABIC TO ENGLIS
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Figure 4.7: Direct MT system 4.6.2
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4.7 Summary Figure 4.9: Structure t
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5 Design of Arabic to English machi
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5.2. DESIGNING AN XML LEXICON ARCHI
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5.3. DESIGN OF TEST STRATEGY Table
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5.4. DESIGN OF EVALUATION CRITERIA
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6 UniArab: a proof-of-concept Arabi
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6.1. CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE UN
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6.2. UNIARAB: LEXICAL REPRESENTATIO
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6.3. UNIARAB: GENERATION which mean
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Figure 6.11: UniArab’s GUI 1 6.4.
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6.4.1 Lexicon interface Figure 6.13
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6.6 Summary 6.6. SUMMARY We present
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7.2. SENTENCE TESTS to which standa
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Table 7.2: Test : Verb-subject; agr
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Figure 7.4: Verb-subject agreement
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Page 129 and 130: Table 7.7: Test : Verb ‘to be’
Page 131 and 132: Table 7.9: Test : Verb ‘to have
Page 133 and 134: 7.2. SENTENCE TESTS Table 7.11: Tes
Page 135 and 136: 7.2.6 Pro-drop Arabic Table 7.13: T
Page 137 and 138: Table 7.15: Test : Intransitive 2 A
Page 139 and 140: 7.2.7.3 Ditransitive Table 7.17: Te
Page 141 and 142: Table 7.19: Test : Ditransitive wit
Page 143 and 144: 7.2. SENTENCE TESTS In a case where
Page 145 and 146: 7.3 System evaluation 7.3. SYSTEM E
Page 147 and 148: 7.3. SYSTEM EVALUATION search engin
Page 149 and 150: Now is not the end. It is not the b
Page 151 and 152: 8.1. THESIS SUMMARY and so we hope
Page 153 and 154: and proving the suitability of the
Page 155 and 156: References Abn-Aqeal, 2007. sharah
Page 157 and 158: REFERENCES Salem, Y., Hensman, A.,
Page 159 and 160: Appendix 139
Page 161 and 162: • Yasser Salem and Brian Nolan. 2
Page 163 and 164: Arabic Letter and Phonetic Value Le
Page 165 and 166: C List of translatable sentences I
Page 167 and 168: she is an engineer. Zaid loves Fati
Page 169 and 170: Jack is eating with the spoon.
Page 171 and 172: Ayah tore the page. ֓āyh
Page 173 and 174: Eman saw Sarah. r֓at ֓iymā
Page 175 and 176: Carl is brushing his hair. ym
Page 177: I want a book. ֓aryd ktāb
Page 181 and 182: D Verbs in lexicon Verbs in Arabic
Page 183 and 184: Arabic Example Logical Structure
Page 185 and 186: Arabic Example Logical Structure
Page 187 and 188: Arabic ys. rs. r Example the wheel
Page 189 and 190: Arabic ֓adrs Example I am teach
Page 191 and 192: Package: Name of Class Class Summar
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