A generic framework for Arabic to English machine ... - Acsu Buffalo

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Arabic Example Logical Structure qrs. Harold pinched James. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[pinch ′ (x,y)])] > tnfq Ayah is spending her money. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[spend ′ (x,y)])] > fqd Henry lost his money. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[lose ′ (x,y)])] > lkm Adam punched Philip. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[punch ′ (x,y)])] > tkrh Sarah hates Zakiah. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[hate ′ (x,y)])] > lkmt Sarah punched Sarah. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[punch ′ (x,y)])] > qtlt Zakiah killed Sarah. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[kill ′ (x,y)])] > qtl Jack killed Mary. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[kill ′ (x,y)])] > s. f֒ Mark slapped Louis. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[slap ′ (x,y)])] > hātft Ayesha phoned Eman. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[phone ′ (x,y)])] > ˇskrt Ayah thanked Khalid. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[thank ′ (x,y)])] > nādt Sarah called Adam. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[call ′ (x,y)])] > fāz Omar won the race. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[win ′ (x,y)])] > r֓at Eman saw Sarah. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[see ′ (x,y)])] > msk Philip caught the ball. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[catch ′ (x,y)])] > ֓iˇstrā Carl bought pens. < TNS : PAST[do′ (x,[buy ′ (x,y)])] > qād Mark drove the bus. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[drive ′ (x,y)])] > ynz . f Adam is cleaning his room. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[clean ′ (x,y)])] > 164
Arabic Example Logical Structure synz . f Mark will clean my kitchen. < TNS : FUT[do ′ (x,[clean ′ (x,y)])] > stnz . f Sarah will clean my office. < TNS : FUT[do ′ (x,[clean ′ (x,y)])] > y˙gsl Louis is washing the dishes. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[wash ′ (x,y)])] > yt.֒m Harold is feeding his cat. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[feed ′ (x,y)])] > ys.lh. Eric is fixing his car. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[fix ′ (x,y)])] > ytklm Fahmy speaks English. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[speak ′ (x,y)])] > tt.bh ˘ Ayah is cooking the dinner. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[cook ′ (x,y)])] > ysā֒d Rashid is helping Mark. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[help ′ (x,y)])] > y֓akl Mansour is eating his food. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[eat ′ (x,y)])] > ymˇst. Carl is brushing his hair < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[brush ′ (x,y)])] > yfrˇs Abbas is brushing his teeth. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[brush ′ (x,y)])] > ylbs Yousuf is wearing his shoes. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[wear ′ (x,y)])] > ynām Omar sleeps early. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[sleep ′ (x,y)])] > yˇsāhd Henry is watching the TV. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[watch ′ (x,y)])] > yzr֒ Almahdi is planting the trees. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[plant ′ (x,y)])] > ֓is. t.ād Sulaiman caught the fishs. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[catch ′ (x,y)])] > ˇgr James pushed the chairs. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[push ′ (x,y)])] > 165
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A generic framework for Arabic to E
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sentence and its linking algorithm
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Declaration I herby certify that th
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advices, but also academically and
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CONTENTS 2.3.1.2 Indefinite nouns .
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CONTENTS 4.4.1 Non-Roman alphabet s
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CONTENTS 7.2.8 Limitation of UniAra
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LIST OF FIGURES 4.4 Difference betw
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List of Tables 2.1 Dual: merely add
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LIST OF TABLES 5.9 Test strategy: p
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1 Introduction The following paragr
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high-quality translation technology
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1.3. TECHNOLOGIES ditransitive). Th
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1.4. THESIS ORGANIZATION 2009b). Ch
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2.1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ARABIC
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2.2 Characteristics of Arabic words
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2.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF ARABIC WORD
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2.3. PART OF SPEECH INVENTORY OF TH
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2.3.4 Verbs 2.3. PART OF SPEECH INV
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2.3.4.2 Aspect 2.3. PART OF SPEECH
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2.3. PART OF SPEECH INVENTORY OF TH
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2.4.1.1 Verb and noun 2.4. SENTENCE
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Table 2.27: verb(V), subject(S) and
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3 Role and Reference Grammar (RRG)
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3.1. ROLE AND REFERENCE GRAMMAR LIN
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3.2. FORMAL REPRESENTATION OF LAYER
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3.3. NOUN PHRASE STRUCTURE appropri
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3.4. LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR VE
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3.5. WHY WE USE RRG AS THE LINGUIST
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3.5. WHY WE USE RRG AS THE LINGUIST
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3.6. SUMMARY there will be more com
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4.1. ADVANTAGES OF MACHINE TRANSLAT
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4.2.3 Lexical databases 4.2. COMPUT
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4.3.2 Direct translation 4.3. BASIC
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4.3. BASIC MACHINE TRANSLATION STRA
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would also be needed for an interli
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4.4.1 Non-Roman alphabet scripts 4.
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Figure 4.5: NP rule (NP -> det n pp
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4.5. CHALLENGES OF ARABIC TO ENGLIS
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Figure 4.7: Direct MT system 4.6.2
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4.7 Summary Figure 4.9: Structure t
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5 Design of Arabic to English machi
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5.2. DESIGNING AN XML LEXICON ARCHI
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5.3. DESIGN OF TEST STRATEGY Table
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5.4. DESIGN OF EVALUATION CRITERIA
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6 UniArab: a proof-of-concept Arabi
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6.1. CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE UN
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6.2. UNIARAB: LEXICAL REPRESENTATIO
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6.3. UNIARAB: GENERATION which mean
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Figure 6.11: UniArab’s GUI 1 6.4.
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6.4.1 Lexicon interface Figure 6.13
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6.6 Summary 6.6. SUMMARY We present
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7.2. SENTENCE TESTS to which standa
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Table 7.2: Test : Verb-subject; agr
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Figure 7.4: Verb-subject agreement
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Table 7.5: Test : gender-ambiguous
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Table 7.7: Test : Verb ‘to be’
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Table 7.9: Test : Verb ‘to have
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Page 137 and 138: Table 7.15: Test : Intransitive 2 A
Page 139 and 140: 7.2.7.3 Ditransitive Table 7.17: Te
Page 141 and 142: Table 7.19: Test : Ditransitive wit
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Page 145 and 146: 7.3 System evaluation 7.3. SYSTEM E
Page 147 and 148: 7.3. SYSTEM EVALUATION search engin
Page 149 and 150: Now is not the end. It is not the b
Page 151 and 152: 8.1. THESIS SUMMARY and so we hope
Page 153 and 154: and proving the suitability of the
Page 155 and 156: References Abn-Aqeal, 2007. sharah
Page 157 and 158: REFERENCES Salem, Y., Hensman, A.,
Page 159 and 160: Appendix 139
Page 161 and 162: • Yasser Salem and Brian Nolan. 2
Page 163 and 164: Arabic Letter and Phonetic Value Le
Page 165 and 166: C List of translatable sentences I
Page 167 and 168: she is an engineer. Zaid loves Fati
Page 169 and 170: Jack is eating with the spoon.
Page 171 and 172: Ayah tore the page. ֓āyh
Page 173 and 174: Eman saw Sarah. r֓at ֓iymā
Page 175 and 176: Carl is brushing his hair. ym
Page 177 and 178: I want a book. ֓aryd ktāb
Page 179 and 180: Omar gave the book to Khalid.
Page 181 and 182: D Verbs in lexicon Verbs in Arabic
Page 183: Arabic Example Logical Structure
Page 187 and 188: Arabic ys. rs. r Example the wheel
Page 189 and 190: Arabic ֓adrs Example I am teach
Page 191 and 192: Package: Name of Class Class Summar
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