A generic framework for Arabic to English machine ... - Acsu Buffalo

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Arabic Example Logical Structure ktbt Ayesha wrote the book. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[write ′ (x,y)])] > ktb Brian wrote the book. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[write ′ (x,y)])] > msh. t Fatima wiped the house. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[wipe ′ (x,y)])] > rsmt Raiqa drew trees. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[draw ′ (x,y)])] > qt.ft Ayesha picked the flowers. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[pick ′ (x,y)])] > kwt Eman ironed the clothes. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[iron ′ (x,y)])] > ֓iˇstrā Omar bought the toys. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[buy ′ (x,y)])] > lwnt Ayah painted the picture. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[paint ′ (x,y)])] > ֓a֒t.āk Omar gave you the book. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[give ′ (x,y)])] > ys.lh. Omar is fixing the computer. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[fix ′ (x,y)])] > y֒ml Yasser works hard. < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x,[work ′ (x,y)])] > mrr Philip passed the ball. < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x,[pass ′ (x,y)])] > yswq Khalid drives. < TNS : PRES >> ybkwn The children are crying. < TNS : PRES >> yqr֓a Omar reads. < TNS : PRES >> 166
Arabic ys. rs. r Example the wheel squeaks. Logical Structure < TNS : PRES >> Arabic ynām Example Omar is sleeping. Logical Structure < TNS : PRES >> Arabic ֓a֒t.ā Example Omar gave Khalid the book. Logical Structure < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x, 0)CAUSE[BECOMEhave ′ (y, z)]] > Arabic y֒t.y Example Omar is giving Eman a book. Logical Structure < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x, 0)CAUSE[BECOMEhave ′ (y, z)]] > Arabic t֒t.y Example Sarah is giving Eman a book. Logical Structure < TNS : PRES[do ′ (x, 0)CAUSE[BECOMEhave ′ (y, z)]] > Arabic ֓a֒t.t Example Sarah gave Khalid a book. Logical Structure < TNS : PAST[do ′ (x, 0)CAUSE[BECOMEhave ′ (y, z)]] > 167
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A generic framework for Arabic to E
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sentence and its linking algorithm
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Declaration I herby certify that th
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advices, but also academically and
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CONTENTS 2.3.1.2 Indefinite nouns .
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CONTENTS 4.4.1 Non-Roman alphabet s
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CONTENTS 7.2.8 Limitation of UniAra
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LIST OF FIGURES 4.4 Difference betw
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List of Tables 2.1 Dual: merely add
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LIST OF TABLES 5.9 Test strategy: p
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1 Introduction The following paragr
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high-quality translation technology
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1.3. TECHNOLOGIES ditransitive). Th
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1.4. THESIS ORGANIZATION 2009b). Ch
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2.1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ARABIC
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2.2 Characteristics of Arabic words
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2.2. CHARACTERISTICS OF ARABIC WORD
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2.3. PART OF SPEECH INVENTORY OF TH
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2.3.4 Verbs 2.3. PART OF SPEECH INV
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2.3.4.2 Aspect 2.3. PART OF SPEECH
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2.3. PART OF SPEECH INVENTORY OF TH
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2.4.1.1 Verb and noun 2.4. SENTENCE
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Table 2.27: verb(V), subject(S) and
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3 Role and Reference Grammar (RRG)
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3.1. ROLE AND REFERENCE GRAMMAR LIN
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3.2. FORMAL REPRESENTATION OF LAYER
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3.3. NOUN PHRASE STRUCTURE appropri
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3.4. LEXICAL REPRESENTATIONS FOR VE
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3.5. WHY WE USE RRG AS THE LINGUIST
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3.5. WHY WE USE RRG AS THE LINGUIST
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3.6. SUMMARY there will be more com
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4.1. ADVANTAGES OF MACHINE TRANSLAT
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4.2.3 Lexical databases 4.2. COMPUT
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4.3.2 Direct translation 4.3. BASIC
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4.3. BASIC MACHINE TRANSLATION STRA
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would also be needed for an interli
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4.4.1 Non-Roman alphabet scripts 4.
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Figure 4.5: NP rule (NP -> det n pp
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4.5. CHALLENGES OF ARABIC TO ENGLIS
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Figure 4.7: Direct MT system 4.6.2
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4.7 Summary Figure 4.9: Structure t
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5 Design of Arabic to English machi
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5.2. DESIGNING AN XML LEXICON ARCHI
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5.3. DESIGN OF TEST STRATEGY Table
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5.4. DESIGN OF EVALUATION CRITERIA
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6 UniArab: a proof-of-concept Arabi
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6.1. CONCEPTUAL STRUCTURE OF THE UN
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6.2. UNIARAB: LEXICAL REPRESENTATIO
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6.3. UNIARAB: GENERATION which mean
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Figure 6.11: UniArab’s GUI 1 6.4.
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6.4.1 Lexicon interface Figure 6.13
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6.6 Summary 6.6. SUMMARY We present
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7.2. SENTENCE TESTS to which standa
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Table 7.2: Test : Verb-subject; agr
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Figure 7.4: Verb-subject agreement
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Table 7.5: Test : gender-ambiguous
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Table 7.7: Test : Verb ‘to be’
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Table 7.9: Test : Verb ‘to have
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7.2. SENTENCE TESTS Table 7.11: Tes
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Page 145 and 146: 7.3 System evaluation 7.3. SYSTEM E
Page 147 and 148: 7.3. SYSTEM EVALUATION search engin
Page 149 and 150: Now is not the end. It is not the b
Page 151 and 152: 8.1. THESIS SUMMARY and so we hope
Page 153 and 154: and proving the suitability of the
Page 155 and 156: References Abn-Aqeal, 2007. sharah
Page 157 and 158: REFERENCES Salem, Y., Hensman, A.,
Page 159 and 160: Appendix 139
Page 161 and 162: • Yasser Salem and Brian Nolan. 2
Page 163 and 164: Arabic Letter and Phonetic Value Le
Page 165 and 166: C List of translatable sentences I
Page 167 and 168: she is an engineer. Zaid loves Fati
Page 169 and 170: Jack is eating with the spoon.
Page 171 and 172: Ayah tore the page. ֓āyh
Page 173 and 174: Eman saw Sarah. r֓at ֓iymā
Page 175 and 176: Carl is brushing his hair. ym
Page 177 and 178: I want a book. ֓aryd ktāb
Page 179 and 180: Omar gave the book to Khalid.
Page 181 and 182: D Verbs in lexicon Verbs in Arabic
Page 183 and 184: Arabic Example Logical Structure
Page 185: Arabic Example Logical Structure
Page 189 and 190: Arabic ֓adrs Example I am teach
Page 191 and 192: Package: Name of Class Class Summar
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