Namibia PDNA 2009 - GFDRR

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Caprivi Region The area of Caprivi is a natural flood plain delineated by three major rivers (Chobe, Okavango, and Zambezi). This region experienced by far the most severe flooding; even though it has the lowest population of the six Regions (about 100,000 people), about onequarter (23,000) of the total population was affected. The proportion of affected people was estimated to be as high as 90 percent in Kabe. During the 2009 floods, water levels of the Zambezi rose to 7.85 m, the highest levels recorded since 1963, and aerial surveys revealed stranded livestock, as well as flooded villages that were cut off. Nearly 9,000 people were relocated to camps. The scale of the crisis stretched the limited capacity of local authorities to respond, and the relocation camps suffered from insufficient water and sanitation facilities (at the Schuckmansburg camp, 4,000 people shared two latrines). Major road access was cut in north Caprivi at four locations, limiting access to health clinics; only four out of eleven health facilities were functioning immediately following the disaster. Local relief efforts were hampered by poor information from the Zambezi River Basin Authority and from Angola. Kavango Region The Kavango Region was the least affected of the six Regions. Flooding was concentrated along a one kilometre (km) stretch of the Okavango River, where flood levels were close to their highest recorded (8.67 m in 2009 versus 8.91 m in 1969). About 2,000 people were displaced, and access to shelter and food, as well as clean water, remained a challenge immediately following the floods. The flood also affected tourism facilities, and small and medium enterprises. Ohangwena, Omusati, Oshana, and Oshikoto The Regions of Ohangwena, Omusati, Oshana, and Oshikoto are the most populated area of Namibia (combined population of 800,000). The local authorities promptly established a Flood Emergency Management Coordination Committee (FEMCO). According to FEMCO, some 670,000 people were affected (83 percent of the total population), 21,000 displaced (3 percent), and 4,000 relocated (0.5 percent). In addition, the floods resulted in the closure of more than 900 SMEs, 24 roads, and 135 schools (16 percent of the total). Three settlements had their sewerage systems washed away, twelve clinics were cut off, 45,000 ha of agricultural land were destroyed, and 3,000 livestock were lost (mostly goats). Immediately following the floods, 71,000 people were estimated to be in critical need of food relief. Urban areas have also been severely affected; cities in Ohangwena and Oshakati saw pump stations inundated, and flood water mixed with sewerage. This was of particular concern to the municipal authorities. Higher water levels boosted fisheries (as the number of fish became more available), but municipal authorities feared contamination from sewerage could cause epidemics of waterborne diseases. In Oshakati city, the floods were also mainly due to poor urban and water management. 1.3 The Immediate Response Figure 6: Residents of a relocation camp On March 17, 2009, the President of the Republic of Namibia declared a state of emergency and immediately mobilized resources to assist the Regions affected by the flooding. The Government allocated N$109 million (US$13.37 million) for the response and established 110 relocation camps in the six Regions to host the displaced. Regional authorities set up and administered the camps, installing pit latrines, showers/bathing facilities and establishing basic water supplies. The authorities also provided non-food items (tents, tarpaulins, blankets, water-purification tablets, mosquito nets) for displaced communities. Logistics, airlifting capacity, vehicles and motor boats, were provided by the Government, through line ministries. The private sector contributed in supporting Government’s response through new vehicle purchases. The Government provided food assistance to the displaced population in relocation camps and intends to extend the food assistance scheme until the displaced people return to their homes. 3
In addition, the President called upon international partners to provide assistance for the flood affected communities. Relief agencies and foreign governments pledged aid in the form of goods and financial allocations. These included 1 : Donor Table 4: International donations for the Namibian flood relief and aid (as of July 9, 2009) Value (US$) UN Revised Flash Appeal 4 1,913,330 UN Central Emergency Response Fund 1,200,000 UNICEF 5 1,145,517 Namibian Red Cross Society 863,834 United States Government 650,000 Government of Italy 395,257 Government of Germany 382,876 World Food Programme 156,220 International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) 146,695 Government of Botswana 60,000 Government of France 52,701 UNHCR 34,000 Government of Estonia 28,664 Total 7,029,074 Social and Economic Background 1.4 of the Affected Areas Geography and Population The six affected Regions are home to 57 percent of the Namibian population (around 2.1 million). Most of the affected population in these Regions is rural, and relies on subsistence farming for survival. Average incomes in these Regions are half of the national average. Total (6 affected regions) 1,207,277 209,639 86 14 UN Revised Flash Appeal 2 UN Central Emergency Response Fund Table 5: Population of the six affected Regions, 2009 (estimated) Region Population Households UNICEF 1 Includes 3 both monetary pledges, as well as the valued amount of goods donated. Rural Location Caprivi 87,058 18,925 72 28 Kavango 257,347 40,210 72 28 Ohangwena 261,324 41,480 99 1 Omusati 243,658 42,747 99 1 Oshana 176,586 32,701 69 31 Oshikoto 181,304 33,575 91 6 Urban Source: Population Projections 2001-2031, Central Bureau of Statistics, NPC. (January 2006) 2 The revised flash appeal was based on the needs identified based on the preliminary results of the PDNA report for the following sectors: disaster risk reduction, health, education, HIV/AIDS, and shelter and protection. 3 This included US$56,788 for the WSS sector and US$200,004 for nutrition from CERF, US$327,110 from USAID for WSS, US$261,615 from the Government of Spain for Education (against the Flash Appeal), and US$300,000 from UNICEF for Child Protection and Education. 4 Namibia POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Page 1 and 2: POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT FLOO
Page 3 and 4: Foreword In March of 2009, torrenti
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Foreword ii Ackno
Page 7 and 8: Table 51 Indication of losses incur
Page 9 and 10: List of Abbreviations AIDS Acquired
Page 11 and 12: Executive Summary In March 2009, fl
Page 13 and 14: The recommendations for recovery an
Page 15 and 16: Strengthened Community Awareness Co
Page 17: 1.1 The 2009 Floods Omusati Oshana
Page 21 and 22: prolonged dry spells and droughts),
Page 23 and 24: 2.1 Methodology In the aftermath of
Page 25 and 26: Figure 10: Distribution of damage (
Page 27 and 28: The average value of damage in the
Page 29 and 30: 3.1 Sector Impacts: Infrastructure
Page 31 and 32: Rail and Air Transport There was no
Page 33 and 34: 3.2 3.2.1 Sector Impacts: Productiv
Page 35 and 36: Needs/Timeline Table 16: Summary of
Page 37 and 38: worst, some in Oshikoto, Kavango an
Page 39 and 40: Private sector reconstruction using
Page 41 and 42: not have to provide food to learner
Page 43 and 44: Needs The needs of the environment
Page 45 and 46: 4.1 Macro-economic Impact This sect
Page 47 and 48: Impact on the balance of payment Th
Page 49 and 50: 4.2 Impact on Income and livelihood
Page 51 and 52: HIV/AIDS The floods caused consider
Page 53 and 54: 5.1 Introduction The most likely sc
Page 55 and 56: Box: 2: Early Recovery: Guiding pri
Page 57 and 58: Housing, shelter and settlements Th
Page 59 and 60: 5.4 Recommendations on when to move
Page 61 and 62: 6.1 Recovery and Reconstruction Str
Page 63 and 64: Figure 36: Long-term reconstruction
Page 65 and 66: 6.5 The way forward The medium and
Page 67 and 68: 7.1 Situation during the Disaster T
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of 2-6oC by end of the century, a l
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could involve flags, megaphones or
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7.3 On-going interventions While th
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Annex 1 Water Supply and Sanitation
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access. It was observed that if the
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water. Similarly, access roads from
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Table 44: Roads proposed for improv
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Annex 3 Energy Pre-disaster Situati
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Table 50: Losses incurred due to 20
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Annex 4 Agriculture, Livestock and
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System (NEWFIS), reported concerns
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and affect both urban and rural vul
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In 1998, the Government launched a
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Annex 5 Industry and Commerce Pre-d
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In Namibia, small businesses can be
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Needs In light of the vulnerability
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Table 66: Total damages and lost re
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Governance Issues Namibia is one of
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constructed elevated roads increase
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epresents 31 percent. In comparison
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Table 73: Early and medium and long
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and reproductive health. This was f
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Provision of safe water was done by
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Intensive capacity-building activit
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The Table below indicates the numbe
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Table 80: Budget for 2008/2009 and
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The total damages and losses are su
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displacement and often impact girls
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Needs The education sector response
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The major long-term environmental c
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paltry in comparison to ongoing thr
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Table 90: Environment sector needs
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Annex 11 Food Security Pre-disaster
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mahangu and maize meal must be mutu
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Figure 42: Maize Meal Prices in Urb
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The total amount of food commoditie
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Food distributions • To strengthe
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Annex 12 GIS Mapping Background One
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spectrum (and roughly comparable to
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Useful web links and References For
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Activities Key Outputs Time Frame R
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Activities Key Outputs Time Frame R
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Namibia PDNA 2009 - GFDRR

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