Namibia PDNA 2009 - GFDRR

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Figure 21: Livestock caught in submerged fields The floods washed away the stocks of sorghum and pearl millet (mahangu) stored from the previous harvest and from the 2009 harvest, and the remaining stocks at the household level are not expected to last beyond September. The losses of mahangu stocks have reduced the food availability and affect vulnerable households in both urban and rural areas. Furthermore, the situation can be expected to worsen around August and September, at which point, even those famers who managed to reap a small harvest will have exhausted their food stocks. External assistance will be required for approximately one third of the population in the flood-affected areas. The food needs arising from losses are estimated to be over N$47 million. In terms of medium-term recovery actions to enable farmers to successfully harvest in the 2009/2010 season, significant government interventions are needed. The main harvest next year may be affected due to the reduction in seed availability, as it is likely that the most vulnerable households might consume the part of the production usually reserved as seed for the following year. At the same time, the household annual budget to purchase seeds might be used to obtain food commodities. Furthermore, since the seed cooperative crops were severely damaged by the flood, it will be necessary to import seeds. Without external assistance, long-term reduction in household food availability is forecasted in the area. The total cropland area affected by the flooding was over 90,000 ha. Required inputs will be seed, fertilizer, and ploughing assistance. Irrigation. The north-central and north-eastern Regions are affected by drought as well as floods. In terms of long-term recovery, therefore, multi-use flood protection and irrigation schemes are recommended to reduce the regions’ vulnerability to disasters. The benefits of irrigation for drought control are obvious. As for flood control, if crops can be planted earlier, they stand a better chance of providing at least some yield should flooding occur. Given that the north-central regions are characterized by small-scale subsistence farming, a single regional irrigation scheme would not be appropriate, and smallscale irrigation schemes should instead be investigated at the village or homestead levels. In order to effectively implement such a multi-use scheme on a regional scale, however, changes in the farming patterns from small-scale individuals to larger cooperatives may be necessary. Figure 22: Crops are critical to the survival of rural residents In order to estimate the cost of putting all 10,000 hectares under irrigation, a unit cost of US$5,000 per ha was used. This unit cost was developed in an earlier study conducted by the World Bank for all of Africa (see Annex 4 for details). Diversification: The main crop intensification programme introduced by the Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry (MAWF) in the region has been fruit trees, which have served both as a food source as well as a supplementary source of income to farmers. In the north central regions, donkeys have been progressively introduced due to their known resistance to floods, as they can continue to graze in flooded areas. The annual reports produced by the Government of the Republic of Namibia’s agencies/ministries (NPC, MAWF, Ministry of Fisheries and Ministry of Lands and Resettlement) are useful sources to elaborate correctly on the ‘diversification’ initiatives such as irrigated vegetable production, inland fisheries, indigenous plants promotion (devil’s claw), or rice cultivation. Further encouragement of donkey farming could also be explored. 19
Needs/Timeline Table 16: Summary of needs for agriculture, livestock and fisheries Value (N$ million) Value (US$ million) Early Recovery Needs 106.0 13.0 Temporary food needs, including grains, meat, etc. 43.7 5.4 Provision of seeds, and other inputs 33.0 4.0 Assistance to land preparation 28.3 3.5 Long term disaster risk mitigation 400.0 49.1 Small-scale reservoirs for irrigation and downstream flood protection in 10,000 hectares 400.0 49.1 Source: Estimations by PDNA Team 3.2.2 Industry and Commerce Industry and commerce in the six Regions affected by the flood in 2009 are dominated by small and medium enterprises and industries (SMEs). About 78 percent of industrial and commercial operations were affected by the disaster; most of them are located in flood-prone areas. Businesses across industry and commerce were equally affected by the disaster: 44 percent of operations suffered damage to their business premises, while 31 percent suffered damage to equipment, and 18 percent suffered damage to their stock. About 53 percent of business stopped their operations at some time or other due to the disaster, and 82 percent of businesses indicated that their output has been reduced due to the disaster, with an average Figure 23: Flooded commercial establishments monthly output decline of 14 percent. During the same period, the average number of employees per enterprise has declined from nine to about eight, representing a decline of 11 percent. Raw materials became scarce or unavailable and deliveries to customers were delayed, both as an effect of the disaster to the supply infrastructure in general. Most affected businesses were fish processing, hotels and restaurants. The fish industry was severely affected because fish ponds were flooded and all the fish escaped. Hotels and lodges, on the other hand, especially in the Kavango and Caprivi Regions, are situated near the river in order to provide a good view for guests. When the rivers were flooded these hotels were the first to be affected. In value terms, the overall damages and losses sustained by the Industry sector are estimated at respectively N$142.4 million and N$161.9million. For commerce, the damages and losses are estimated at N$207.6 million and N$297.3 million. Sector Table 17: Estimates of industry and commerce damage and losses Damage (N$ million) Losses (N$ million) Damage (US$ million) Losses (US$ million) Industry 142.4 161.9 17.5 19.9 Commerce 207.6 297.3 25.5 36.5 Total 350.0 459.2 42.9 56.3 Source: Estimates by PDNA Team 20 Namibia POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Page 1 and 2: POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT FLOO
Page 3 and 4: Foreword In March of 2009, torrenti
Page 5 and 6: Table of Contents Foreword ii Ackno
Page 7 and 8: Table 51 Indication of losses incur
Page 9 and 10: List of Abbreviations AIDS Acquired
Page 11 and 12: Executive Summary In March 2009, fl
Page 13 and 14: The recommendations for recovery an
Page 15 and 16: Strengthened Community Awareness Co
Page 17 and 18: 1.1 The 2009 Floods Omusati Oshana
Page 19 and 20: In addition, the President called u
Page 21 and 22: prolonged dry spells and droughts),
Page 23 and 24: 2.1 Methodology In the aftermath of
Page 25 and 26: Figure 10: Distribution of damage (
Page 27 and 28: The average value of damage in the
Page 29 and 30: 3.1 Sector Impacts: Infrastructure
Page 31 and 32: Rail and Air Transport There was no
Page 33: 3.2 3.2.1 Sector Impacts: Productiv
Page 37 and 38: worst, some in Oshikoto, Kavango an
Page 39 and 40: Private sector reconstruction using
Page 41 and 42: not have to provide food to learner
Page 43 and 44: Needs The needs of the environment
Page 45 and 46: 4.1 Macro-economic Impact This sect
Page 47 and 48: Impact on the balance of payment Th
Page 49 and 50: 4.2 Impact on Income and livelihood
Page 51 and 52: HIV/AIDS The floods caused consider
Page 53 and 54: 5.1 Introduction The most likely sc
Page 55 and 56: Box: 2: Early Recovery: Guiding pri
Page 57 and 58: Housing, shelter and settlements Th
Page 59 and 60: 5.4 Recommendations on when to move
Page 61 and 62: 6.1 Recovery and Reconstruction Str
Page 63 and 64: Figure 36: Long-term reconstruction
Page 65 and 66: 6.5 The way forward The medium and
Page 67 and 68: 7.1 Situation during the Disaster T
Page 69 and 70: of 2-6oC by end of the century, a l
Page 71 and 72: could involve flags, megaphones or
Page 73 and 74: 7.3 On-going interventions While th
Page 75 and 76: Annex 1 Water Supply and Sanitation
Page 77 and 78: access. It was observed that if the
Page 79 and 80: water. Similarly, access roads from
Page 81 and 82: Table 44: Roads proposed for improv
Page 83 and 84: Annex 3 Energy Pre-disaster Situati
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Table 50: Losses incurred due to 20
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Annex 4 Agriculture, Livestock and
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System (NEWFIS), reported concerns
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and affect both urban and rural vul
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In 1998, the Government launched a
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Annex 5 Industry and Commerce Pre-d
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In Namibia, small businesses can be
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Needs In light of the vulnerability
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Table 66: Total damages and lost re
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Governance Issues Namibia is one of
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constructed elevated roads increase
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epresents 31 percent. In comparison
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Table 73: Early and medium and long
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and reproductive health. This was f
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Provision of safe water was done by
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Intensive capacity-building activit
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The Table below indicates the numbe
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Table 80: Budget for 2008/2009 and
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The total damages and losses are su
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displacement and often impact girls
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Needs The education sector response
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The major long-term environmental c
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paltry in comparison to ongoing thr
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Table 90: Environment sector needs
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Annex 11 Food Security Pre-disaster
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mahangu and maize meal must be mutu
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Figure 42: Maize Meal Prices in Urb
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The total amount of food commoditie
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Food distributions • To strengthe
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Annex 12 GIS Mapping Background One
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spectrum (and roughly comparable to
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Useful web links and References For
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Activities Key Outputs Time Frame R
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Activities Key Outputs Time Frame R
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Namibia PDNA 2009 - GFDRR

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