Namibia PDNA 2009 - GFDRR

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Stormwater management, in urban areas, requires a comprehensive solution. Flood water from outside the towns should be diverted before causing disruption to township. However, rain water and over-spilling water from the outskirts of townships should be carried away by stormwater systems to be constructed as part of the urban road system. In this regard, proposals from the towns, Oshakati and Ondangwa, to improve the stormwater management system and construction of critical bridges and roads are included in the needs assessment. 28 Table 46: Urban roads improvements and rain stormwater management Activity Cost Estimate (N$ million) Ondangwa Town Council stormwater management and roads improvement 29.5 Oshakati Town council stormwater management 107.0 Total 136.5 Total needs: In total, the financing needs for reconstruction and mitigation (making the roads in these areas flood resilient), without provision for inflation, are in the amount of N$2.8 billion. The proposed investments suggestion could be aligned with Programme 1 of the transport sector in NDP3 where 2,000 km of rural gravel roads are proposed to be constructed, 300 km of rural access roads improved to bitumen standards and 1,200 km of trunk and main roads improved to bitumen. However, they will be on top of NDP3’s investments. NDP3 is suggesting to upgrade and to construct more roads compared to PDNA for obvious reason, since the NDP3 covers all the country. And this shows that there is a capacity to implement the roads suggested to upgrade and construct by the PDNA. The PDNA suggestion is to upgrade 262 km main roads and 450 km rural (district) roads to bitumen standard and improve about 426 km rural (district) roads. Some of the rural (district) roads when upgraded will move to main road. The roads identified by the PDNA could thus help to determine the category of roads to be upgraded under NDP3. The PDNA also suggests constructing about 600 km access roads while NDP3 anticipates 2000 km and this shows the 600 km access roads could be constructed within the NDP3 framework. The construction industry has the benefit of tapping into the well developed capacity in neighbouring countries. In addition, it gives the opportunity for the development of the local construction industry. Preventive maintenance measures are an important factor in reducing damage and it is also essential to develop a maintenance strategy that will help to cope with the changes. It is also worth assessing the impacts of such incidences on maintenance cycles and road life maintenance costs, in order to develop and plan appropriate improvements. The use of water transport in areas like the Caprivi Region, particularly during the flooding period, is an idea that strongly recommended by the local population. No damage was observed or reported on the existing telecom towers and ground cables. In most cases the towers were located on higher ground and the main problem was gaining access for maintenance purposes. Since the ground cable cover was made of water resistant material, the draining of manholes has continued with little difficulty. The operators have not reported loss in revenue associated to the flooding. Therefore, this report does not contain a damage and loss estimate for the telecom sector. However, towers in some places (e.g. Onesi town) were built on outlets of culverts and verges of flood pans, which is an issue to be considered by the operators before future rainy seasons. Postal services were also not affected by the flooding and no damage or loss was reported. 28 An additional factor to consider is that stormwater management in urban areas is also related to flooding of houses and other buildings. A long-term plan to address this issue is likely to significantly increase the needs estimated here. 67
Annex 3 Energy Pre-disaster Situation Generation and transmission: Nampower is the national utility responsible for generation and transmission of electricity throughout the country. The total installed generation amounts to 386.4 MW provided by the following stations: • Ruacana Hydro Power Station: Situated on the Kunene River in the north-west. This station is used for base load purposes during the rainy season and as a peak load station for the rest of the year. Power production at this station was not affected by the flood in the neighbouring regions. The capacity is 3 X 80 MW. • Van Eck Coal Fired Thermal Power Station: This station is situated in Windhoek and utilizes coal imported from South Africa. The station is only run on an emergency standby basis. The capacity is 4 X 30 MW. • Paratus Diesel Fired Power Station: This station is situated in Walvis Bay and is used as a peak load station. The capacity is 4 X 6.4 MW. The remainder of the power requirement is imported from neighbouring countries including Zimbabwe, Zambia, South Africa and Mozambique. Namibia is chiefly dependent on South Africa for importing power. Current national maximum demand stands at approximately 445 MW. The national maximum demand was only marginally affected by the flood during February 2009. The transmission and sub-ransmission facilities under Nampower control exceed 988 km (400 kV), 521 km (330 kV), 1960 km (220 kV), 1876 km (132 kV) and 14,655 km (66 kV and below). Distribution: The distribution sector is currently undergoing restructuring. Currently three regional electricity distributors (RED’s) have been established. These RED’s are owned jointly by Nampower and the local municipalities in the area. Erongo RED serves customers in the western part of the country including Walvis Bay, Omaruru and Usakos; CENORED serves the central and near northern areas including Tsumeb, Grootfontein, Oshivello and Otjiwarongo; and NORED serves the far northern areas from Ruacana to Katima Mulilo. Oshakati town is supplied by Oshakati Premier Electric (OPE) which takes supply directly from Nampower. This company is owned by the Oshakati Municipality. In the remainder of the country electricity is supplied by municipalities in urban areas (including Windhoek) and by Nampower in rural areas. The Central RED, including Windhoek, Rehoboth and Gobabis and the Southern RED including Mariental and Keetmanshoop are yet to be established. Damage and Losses Assessment Damages in the NORED and OPE areas of supply: NORED and OPE were the only utilities in the country to suffer damages as a result of the floods and storms which occurred in 2008/2009. The generation and transmission infrastructure of Nampower did not suffer any damage as a result of the disaster. Damages were limited to distribution infrastructure. Infrastructure damage occurred in the Ohangwena, Oshikoto, Oshana, Omusati, Kavango, and Caprivi Regions. No damage occurred in the Kunene Region. NORED does not operate according to regional boundaries hence it is not possible to provide a damage assessment in each Region within Omusati, Ohangwena, Oshana and Oshikoto. This assessment thus indicates infrastructure damage data for Omusati, Ohangwena, Oshana and Oshikoto on a consolidated basis while Kavango and Caprivi Regions are listed separately. Lightning strikes resulted in more than 50 percent of the damage caused to the network. This was further exacerbated by long MV line lengths (more than 100km in some cases) in the NORED area of supply which resulted in amplification of voltages caused by lightning. A number of wooden distribution poles were also destroyed by lightning strikes as well as a section of overhead line. Rising water levels resulted in damage to ground mounted switchgear, transformers and kiosks. The majority of this damage occurred in the towns of Ondangwa and Oshakati which utilize underground reticulation in some parts. Some parts of the overhead network also utilize ground mounted kiosks and these units sustained damage. The damage to the electricity infrastructure was not extensive compared to that normally sustained during floods, cyclones and other natural disasters. It is important to note, however, that it is highly probable that the lifespan of certain equipment may have been shortened by the effects of the floods. It is extremely likely that the insulation of certain equipment has been damaged to a limited extent and that this damage will result in early failure. It is thus necessary to make provisions for the replacement of such equipment within a shorter period than normal. The following table contains details of the damages to electricity infrastructure in the Omusati, Ohangwena, Oshana and Oshikoto Regions. 68 Namibia POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT
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POST-DISASTER NEEDS ASSESSMENT FLOO
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Foreword In March of 2009, torrenti
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Table of Contents Foreword ii Ackno
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Table 51 Indication of losses incur
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List of Abbreviations AIDS Acquired
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Executive Summary In March 2009, fl
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The recommendations for recovery an
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Strengthened Community Awareness Co
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1.1 The 2009 Floods Omusati Oshana
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In addition, the President called u
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prolonged dry spells and droughts),
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2.1 Methodology In the aftermath of
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Figure 10: Distribution of damage (
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The average value of damage in the
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3.1 Sector Impacts: Infrastructure
Page 31 and 32: Rail and Air Transport There was no
Page 33 and 34: 3.2 3.2.1 Sector Impacts: Productiv
Page 35 and 36: Needs/Timeline Table 16: Summary of
Page 37 and 38: worst, some in Oshikoto, Kavango an
Page 39 and 40: Private sector reconstruction using
Page 41 and 42: not have to provide food to learner
Page 43 and 44: Needs The needs of the environment
Page 45 and 46: 4.1 Macro-economic Impact This sect
Page 47 and 48: Impact on the balance of payment Th
Page 49 and 50: 4.2 Impact on Income and livelihood
Page 51 and 52: HIV/AIDS The floods caused consider
Page 53 and 54: 5.1 Introduction The most likely sc
Page 55 and 56: Box: 2: Early Recovery: Guiding pri
Page 57 and 58: Housing, shelter and settlements Th
Page 59 and 60: 5.4 Recommendations on when to move
Page 61 and 62: 6.1 Recovery and Reconstruction Str
Page 63 and 64: Figure 36: Long-term reconstruction
Page 65 and 66: 6.5 The way forward The medium and
Page 67 and 68: 7.1 Situation during the Disaster T
Page 69 and 70: of 2-6oC by end of the century, a l
Page 71 and 72: could involve flags, megaphones or
Page 73 and 74: 7.3 On-going interventions While th
Page 75 and 76: Annex 1 Water Supply and Sanitation
Page 77 and 78: access. It was observed that if the
Page 79 and 80: water. Similarly, access roads from
Page 81: Table 44: Roads proposed for improv
Page 85 and 86: Table 50: Losses incurred due to 20
Page 87 and 88: Annex 4 Agriculture, Livestock and
Page 89 and 90: System (NEWFIS), reported concerns
Page 91 and 92: and affect both urban and rural vul
Page 93 and 94: In 1998, the Government launched a
Page 95 and 96: Annex 5 Industry and Commerce Pre-d
Page 97 and 98: In Namibia, small businesses can be
Page 99 and 100: Needs In light of the vulnerability
Page 101 and 102: Table 66: Total damages and lost re
Page 103 and 104: Governance Issues Namibia is one of
Page 105 and 106: constructed elevated roads increase
Page 107 and 108: epresents 31 percent. In comparison
Page 109 and 110: Table 73: Early and medium and long
Page 111 and 112: and reproductive health. This was f
Page 113 and 114: Provision of safe water was done by
Page 115 and 116: Intensive capacity-building activit
Page 117 and 118: The Table below indicates the numbe
Page 119 and 120: Table 80: Budget for 2008/2009 and
Page 121 and 122: The total damages and losses are su
Page 123 and 124: displacement and often impact girls
Page 125 and 126: Needs The education sector response
Page 127 and 128: The major long-term environmental c
Page 129 and 130: paltry in comparison to ongoing thr
Page 131 and 132: Table 90: Environment sector needs
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Annex 11 Food Security Pre-disaster
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mahangu and maize meal must be mutu
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Figure 42: Maize Meal Prices in Urb
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The total amount of food commoditie
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Food distributions • To strengthe
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Annex 12 GIS Mapping Background One
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spectrum (and roughly comparable to
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Useful web links and References For
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Activities Key Outputs Time Frame R
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Activities Key Outputs Time Frame R
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Namibia PDNA 2009 - GFDRR

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