Analytic Culture in the U.S. Intelligence Community (PDF) - CIA

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BIBLIOGRAPHY Published Sources Akin, Omer. Models of Architectural Knowledge. London: Pion, 1980. Allen, Charles, Comments of the Associate Director of Central Intelligence for Collection at a Public Seminar on Intelligence at Harvard University, spring 2000. (.) Allison, Graham T. Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1971. American Anthropological Association. Code of Ethics of the American Anthropological Association. Arlington, VA, 1998. (http://www.aaanet.org/ committees/ethics/ethcode.htm.) ———. Statement on the Confidentiality of Field Notes. Arlington, VA, 2003. (http://www.aaanet.org/stmts/fieldnotes.htm.) American College of Radiology. Written communications between staff and Johnston, 2002. Arvey, Richard D., and James E. Campion. “The Employment Interview: A Summary of Recent Research,” Personnel Psychology 35 (1982): 281–322. Ashcraft, M.H. Fundamentals of Cognition. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, 1998. Atkinson, R. C., and H. A. Wilson. Computer-Assisted Instruction: A Book of Readings, New York: Academic Press, 1969. Au, Terry K. “Chinese and English Counterfactuals: The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Revisited,” Cognition 15 (1983): 155–87. Barr, A., M. Beard, and R. C. Atkinson. “A Rationale and Description of a CAI Program to Teach the BASIC Programming Language.” Instructional Science 4 (1975): 1–31. Bayes, Thomas. “An Essay Toward Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 53: 370–418. (http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/bayes-theorum/#Bib.) Ben-Israel, Isaac. “Philosophy and Methodology of Intelligence: The Logic of Estimate Process,” Intelligence and National Security 4, no. 4 (1989): 660–718. Ben-Zvi, Abraham. “The Study of Surprise Attacks,” British Journal of International Studies 5 (1979). 139
BIBLIOGRAPHY Berkowitz, Bruce D., and Allan E. Goodman. Best Truth: Intelligence in the Information Age. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000. ———. Strategic Intelligence for American National Security. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989. Bernard, Russell. Research Methods in Anthropology: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1994. Betts, Richard K. “Policy-Makers and Intelligence Analysts: Love, Hate or Indifference,” Intelligence and National Security 3, no. 1 (January 1988): 184–89. ———. Surprise Attack. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution, 1982. Bickman, Leonard, and Debra Rog. Handbook of Applied Social Research Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1997. Bloom, Alfred. The Linguistic Shaping of Thought: A Study in the Impact of Language on Thinking in China and the West. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1981. Bloom, Benjamin S., ed. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals: Handbook I, Cognitive Domain. New York: Longmans, Green, 1956. ———. “The 2 Sigma Problem: The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-to-One Tutoring,” Educational Researcher, 13 (1984): 4–16. Boas, Franz. “An Anthropologist’s Credo,” The Nation 147 (1938): 201–4. Bogdan, Robert. Participant Observation in Organizational Settings. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1972. Boroditsky, Lera. “Does Language Shape Thought? Mandarin and English Speakers’ Conceptions of Time,” Cognitive Psychology 43 (2001): 1–22. Bourdieu, Pierre. “The Forms of Capital” in John Richardson, ed. Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. New York: Greenwood Press, 1986. Brei, William. Getting Intelligence Right: The Power of Logical Procedure. Washington, DC: Joint Military Intelligence College, 1996. Brinberg, David, and Joseph McGrath. Validity and the Research Process. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1985. Brown, J.S., R.R. Burton, and J. DeKleer. “Pedagogical, Natural Language, and Knowledge Engineering in SOPHIE I, II, and III” in D. Sleeman and J.S. Brown, eds. Intelligent Tutoring Systems, New York: Academic Press, 1982. Busse, Daniela, and Chris Johnson. “Using a Cognitive Theoretical Framework to Support Accident Analysis,” Proceedings of the Working Group on Human Error, Safety, and System Development. Seattle, WA: International Federation for Information Processing, 1998, 36–43. Butterfield, Alexander. The Accuracy of Intelligence Assessment: Bias, Perception, and Judgment in Analysis and Decision. Newport, RI: Naval War College, 1993, AD-A266. 140
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All statements of fact, opinion, or
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The Center for the Study of Intelli
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are literall
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CONTENTS Foreword by Gregory F. Tre
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Part IV: Notes on Methodology Chapt
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as “CNN plus secrets.” Johnston
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INTRODUCTION ment, very open and ho
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INTRODUCTION is so small and the se
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INTRODUCTION gence analysts would u
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INTRODUCTION I mention Mead not onl
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eth•nog•ra•phy\n [F ethnograp
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CHAPTER ONE Definition 1: Intellige
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CHAPTER ONE that consumers of intel
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CHAPTER ONE During the interviews f
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CHAPTER TWO improvement infrastruct
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CHAPTER TWO Secrecy vs. Efficacy se
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CHAPTER TWO You know, someday someb
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CHAPTER TWO Finding: Rewards and In
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CHAPTER TWO distinction, for langua
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CHAPTER TWO that analysis is not a
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CHAPTER TWO described by participan
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CHAPTER TWO instead of academic and
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CHAPTER TWO Asked to define their p
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CHAPTER TWO satisfaction and anxiet
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PART II Ethnography of Analysis 31
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CHAPTER THREE A Taxonomy of Intelli
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A TAXONOMY OF INTELLIGENCE ing inte
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A TAXONOMY OF INTELLIGENCE system t
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A TAXONOMY OF INTELLIGENCE cases an
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A TAXONOMY OF INTELLIGENCE Comparat
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A TAXONOMY OF INTELLIGENCE has on t
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CHAPTER FOUR Testing the Intelligen
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TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE Syst
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TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE an e
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TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE rela
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TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE ucts
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TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE the
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TESTING THE INTELLIGENCE CYCLE shou
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CHAPTER FIVE Integrating Methodolog
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INTEGRATING METHODOLOGISTS ing ches
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INTEGRATING METHODOLOGISTS good as,
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INTEGRATING METHODOLOGISTS case sti
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INTEGRATING METHODOLOGISTS cal infr
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INTEGRATING METHODOLOGISTS Can Tech
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INTEGRATING METHODOLOGISTS done to
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CHAPTER SIX have different historie
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CHAPTER SIX As an observer, I misse
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CHAPTER SIX In contrast, 25 percent
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CHAPTER SIX numerous domain matter
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CHAPTER SIX Quite the contrary, eac
Page 102 and 103: CHAPTER SIX a practical matter, the
Page 104 and 105: CHAPTER SEVEN Background The argume
Page 106 and 107: CHAPTER SEVEN age about 30 percent,
Page 108 and 109: CHAPTER SEVEN the procedure’s app
Page 110 and 111: CHAPTER SEVEN includes the ability
Page 112 and 113: CHAPTER SEVEN advance beyond the co
Page 114 and 115: CHAPTER EIGHT is the process of lea
Page 116 and 117: CHAPTER EIGHT often be hired on the
Page 118 and 119: CHAPTER EIGHT Interestingly, resear
Page 120 and 121: CHAPTER EIGHT Conclusion and Recomm
Page 122 and 123: CHAPTER EIGHT research fellowships,
Page 124 and 125: CHAPTER NINE As the resources avail
Page 126 and 127: CHAPTER NINE For intelligence analy
Page 128 and 129: CHAPTER NINE analyses requires sign
Page 130 and 131: CHAPTER NINE Development and Valida
Page 132 and 133: CHAPTER NINE agents or agencies of
Page 134 and 135: CHAPTER TEN Survey Methodology This
Page 136 and 137: SURVEY METHODOLOGY content and, thu
Page 138 and 139: SURVEY METHODOLOGY might merely ser
Page 140 and 141: SURVEY METHODOLOGY group includes a
Page 142 and 143: CHAPTER ELEVEN Q-Sort Methodology O
Page 144 and 145: CHAPTER TWELVE The “File-Drawer
Page 146 and 147: CHAPTER TWELVE 0.15 and for interac
Page 148 and 149: APPENDIX Jonathan Lockwood and K. L
Page 150 and 151: APPENDIX Hede Helfrich, “Human Re
Page 154 and 155: BIBLIOGRAPHY Camerer, Colin, and Er
Page 156 and 157: BIBLIOGRAPHY Endsley, M.R. “Desig
Page 158 and 159: BIBLIOGRAPHY Godson, Roy, ed. Compa
Page 160 and 161: BIBLIOGRAPHY Jervis, Robert. Percep
Page 162 and 163: BIBLIOGRAPHY ———, and Barbara
Page 164 and 165: BIBLIOGRAPHY Miller, George, and Ph
Page 166 and 167: BIBLIOGRAPHY ———. “The Pros
Page 168 and 169: BIBLIOGRAPHY Thompson, J. R., R. Ho
Page 170 and 171: BIBLIOGRAPHY Web resources Buros In
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