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Novel medical therapies to treat ectopic pregnancies UW Nilsson 1 a , YE Gao 1,4 a * , TG Johns 2 , E Dimitriadis 3 , E Menkhorst 3 , Joanne Mockler 1 , BRG Williams 2 , S Tong 1 * Invited speaker a These authors contributed equally to this work. 1. Centre for Women’s Health Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 2. Centre for Cancer Research, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Victoria 3. Prince Henry’s Institute, Victoria, Australia 4. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China Introduction: Ectopic pregnancies are those implanting outside the uterus and they can be life-threatening emergencies. Most are treated surgically. Methotrexate (MTX) is occasionally used, buts has limited efficacy. Hence, it is only used for small ectopic pregnancies. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are used clinically to treat cancers. They come in tablet form and have few side-effects. Given that the placenta is dependent on EGFR signalling, EGFR inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach to cure un-ruptured ectopic pregnancies of any size. We set out to develop a novel medication based treatment to cure ectopic pregnancy by combining MTX and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Methods/Results: In vitro testing: Firstly, we confirmed the expression of EGFR in JEG-3 cells and human 1st trimester placental tissue by immunostaining. Next, we added various treatment to placenta-derived cells, BeWo (± syncytialisation) cells, JEG-3 cells and primary 1st trimester extravillous cytotrophoblast cells, and assayed viability 72 hours later using the CellTiter-Blue® Cell Viability Assay (Promega). We also dynamic monitored MTX interaction with JEG-3 cells using xCELLigence real-time cell analyzing system. EGFR inhibitor alone did not cause trophoblast cell death compared to control. MTX alone decreased cell viability in a dose-responsive manner. Interestingly, combination of MTX and EGFR inhibitor are supra-additive in decreasing placental tissue viability in vitro. In vivo testing: JEG-3 xenografted in SCID mice (n=3-5 per group) was used as an in vivo model to test effects of MTX and EGFR inhibitor. Compared with vehicle-treated mice, MTX or EGFR inhibitor can inhibit JEG-3 xenograft growth, and are supra-additive when combined. Conclusion: Combination methotrexate (MTX) and EGFR inhibition can potently regress placental tissue. It may be a novel therapeutic approach to medically cure ectopic pregnancy, potentially replacing surgery with tablets. BIO: Yan’e Gao is an Associate Professor in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2 nd Affiliated hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine. She is a specialist in the maternity clinical practice and has worked as an attending physician for more than 15 years. She got her PhD in Anytomy, Histology & Embryology in Xi’an Jiantong University School of Medicine in 2003, and she is now an active researcher in the area of ectopic pregnancies and uterine cell in vitro culture. 6
The role of mitochondria in atrial fibrillation with Rheumatic heart valvular disease Runwei Ma 1,2 * * Invited speaker 1. Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated Kunming Medical College, Yunnan 650032, P.R.China 2. Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Monash Hospital, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a common disease in developing country. Most of the disease is concomitant with Atrial Fibrillation (AF). The mechanism of AF in RHD is different with other AF. We know that the function of mitochondria is associated with cardiomyocyte necrosis and apoptosis which will remodel the structure of atrium, especial fibrosis. Tissue fibrosis results from an accumulation of fibrillar collagen deposits, occurring most commonly as a reparative process to replace degenerating myocardial parenchyma with concomitant reactive fibrosis, which causes interstitial expansion. Fibrosis is a hallmark of arrhythmogenic structural remodeling. In addition, there is great difference in heart function of patients with same detriment of valves, as well as AF. We postulate that there is a difference in mitochondria’s function which is influenced by gene mutation or difference of mitochondria which caused by inheritance or disease. We plan to use DNA chip technique to study the difference of mitochondrial gene in RHD patients with and without AF. BIO: Runwei Ma is the head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, and is responsible for the Cardiovascular Surgeon. He has successfully applied a number of novel techniques in surgical operations. Dr Runwei got his MD degree in Kunming Medical College in 2007 and now he is a visiting scholar in the Medical Center Monash University. His research focuses on the improvement of cardiovascular conditions using both traditional drug treatment and genetic therapy. 7
Page 2 and 3: The 3 rd VACPS Research Workshop Pr
Page 4 and 5: Organizing Committee Victorian Asso
Page 6 and 7: Preface On the occasion of the publ
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Page 10 and 11: Acknowledgements We gratefully ackn
Page 13: Career planning and Job Interview i
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Investigation of the mechanism of t
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Dual mode roll-up effect in a multi
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Paper as a low-cost base material f
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cloud computing offers a cost-effec
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workflows. By comparing the generat
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[10] E. Deelman, G. Singh, M. Livny
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Web Page Prediction Based on Condit
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A Multi-modal Gesture Recognition S
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Searching for Fair Joint Gains in A
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environments. However, challenges a
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conclude that the hydrophobic PHB c
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Figure 4. (a) Energy transfer model
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Grain refinement of pure magnesium
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Fig. 3 The optical and SEM microstr
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Conclusions (1) The large grains in
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[22-25]. Sorting of normal and Babe
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Figure 1. Г×Re[fCM] vs. frequency
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Figure 3. The DEP spectrum of cylin
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A B C Figure 5. The gradient of the
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Figure 7. SEM image of damaged elec
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Figure 9. Particle separation progr
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2.8 Viability and morphology study
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Fig 3 and 4 SEM images of electrosp
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Fig 10 Tensile Stress curve of elec
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Uniform Coating of WO x on TiO 2 Na
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Union as a Social Regulator of Mark
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enterprises…There obviously is no
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Organizational Capabilities • Lea
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Table 1. Correlations, Reliabilitie
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[18]. Jap, S. D. (1999). Pie-expans
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Early Childhood Education Matters:
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decisions on selection of child car
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Noble, K. (2007). Parent choice of
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An Exploration of Country of Origin
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Supercontinuum generation for fiber
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Gas chromatographic retention indic
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Outward Foreign Direct Investment f
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Fiber Nonlinearity Precompensation
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Improved Nonlinearity precompensati
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