Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP). A National Inventory of Greenhouse Gas (GHG), Criteria Air Contam<strong>in</strong>ant (CAC) <strong>and</strong> Hydrogen Sulphide (H 2 S) Emissions by the Upstream Oil <strong>and</strong> Gas Industry, Technical Report, Volume 3, Methodology for Greenhouse Gases, September 2004. Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers (CAPP). A National Inventory of Greenhouse Gas (GHG), Criteria Air Contam<strong>in</strong>ant (CAC) <strong>and</strong> Hydrogen Sulphide (H 2 S) Emissions by the Upstream Oil <strong>and</strong> Gas Industry, Technical Report, Volume 5, Compendium of Term<strong>in</strong>ology, Information Sources, Emission Factors, Equipment Schedules <strong>and</strong> Uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty Data, September 2004. CARB, 2008, Regulation for the M<strong>and</strong>atory Report<strong>in</strong>g of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, California Air Resources Board (CARB), F<strong>in</strong>al Review Draft, September 18, 2008, Sacramento, California Casella, G, <strong>and</strong> R.L. Berger. Statistical Inference, Duxbury Press, Belmont, CA, 1990. Cochran, William G, 1977, Sampl<strong>in</strong>g Techniques, 3 rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York. Coleman, Hugh W. <strong>and</strong> W. Glenn Steele, Jr., 1989, Experimentation <strong>and</strong> Uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty Analysis for Eng<strong>in</strong>eers, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, New York. EMEP/CORINAIR, 2007, Emission Inventory Guidebook, European Environmental Agency (http://reports.eea.europa.eu/EMEPCORINAIR5/en/page002.html) ETSG, 2007, Compendium of Notes, Emission Trad<strong>in</strong>g Technical Support Group, 30 July 2007 EU-ETS MRG, 2007, “Establish<strong>in</strong>g guidel<strong>in</strong>es for the monitor<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> report<strong>in</strong>g of <strong>greenhouse</strong> <strong>gas</strong> emissions pursuant to Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament <strong>and</strong> of the Council”, 2007/589/EC, Brussels, Belgium, July 18, 2007. Franzblau, A. A Primer of Statistics for Non-Statisticians, Harcourt, Brace & World, Chapter 7, 1958. INGAA, 2005, Greenhouse Gas Emission Estimation Guidel<strong>in</strong>es for Natural Gas Transmission <strong>and</strong> Storage; Interstate Natural Gas Association of America (INGAA), Wash<strong>in</strong>gton, DC, September 2005 IPCC Emissions Factors Database, http://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/EFDB/ma<strong>in</strong>.php IPCC, 2000. “IPCC Good Practices Guidance <strong>and</strong> Uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty Management <strong>in</strong> National Greenhouse Gas Inventories”, accepted by the IPCC Plenary at its 16th session held <strong>in</strong> Montreal, 1-8 May, 2000, Corrigendum, June 15, 2001. IPCC, 2006, “2006 IPCC Guidel<strong>in</strong>es for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories” http://www.ipccnggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/pdf/1_Volume1/V1_3_Ch3_Uncerta<strong>in</strong>ties.pdf ISO 6974, 2002, Natural <strong>gas</strong> – Determ<strong>in</strong>ation of composition with def<strong>in</strong>ed <strong>uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty</strong> by <strong>gas</strong> chromatography (<strong>in</strong> 6 parts); First edition 2002-10-15, Geneva, Switzerl<strong>and</strong> ISO 5168, 2005, Measurement of fluid flow — Procedures for the evaluation of uncerta<strong>in</strong>ties, Second edition, 2005-06-15, Geneva, Switzerl<strong>and</strong> ISO 5168-2005-06-15, 2005, “International St<strong>and</strong>ard: Measurement of fluid flow – Procedures for the evaluation of uncerta<strong>in</strong>ties”, Geneva, Switzerl<strong>and</strong>. ISO/IEC 17025:2005, “General requirements for the competence of test<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> calibration laboratories”. Current version effective as of 2005-05-12. Revises: ISO/IEC 17025:1999 Rob<strong>in</strong>son, J.R. On Uncerta<strong>in</strong>ty <strong>in</strong> the Computation of Global Emissions for Biomass Burn<strong>in</strong>g. Climatic Change, 14, pp. 243-262, 1989. Shires, T.M., <strong>and</strong> M.R. Harrison. Methane Emissions from the Natural Gas Industry, Volume 6: Vented <strong>and</strong> Combustion Source Summary, F<strong>in</strong>al Report, GRI-94/0257.23 <strong>and</strong> EPA-600/R-96-080f, Gas Research Institute <strong>and</strong> US Environmental Protection Agency, June 1996. http://www.<strong>gas</strong>technology.org Pilot Version, September 2009 6-2
The Alberta Energy <strong>and</strong> Utilities Board (EUB/Board), Directive 017, Measurement Requirements for Upstream Oil <strong>and</strong> Gas Operations, Revised edition May 7, 2007 U.S. EPA, Technology Transfer Network, Clear<strong>in</strong>ghouse for Inventories & Emissions Factors, Emissions Factors & AP-42, United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), Research Triangle Park, North Carol<strong>in</strong>a (http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/) Williamson, H.J., M.B. Hall, <strong>and</strong> M.R. Harrison. Methane Emissions from the Natural Gas Industry, Volume 4: Statistical Methodology, F<strong>in</strong>al Report, GRI-94/0257.21 <strong>and</strong> EPA-600/R-96-080d, Gas Research Institute <strong>and</strong> US Environmental Protection Agency, June 1996. http://www.<strong>gas</strong>technology.org Pilot Version, September 2009 6-3
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Prepared by the LEVON Group, LLC an
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Table of Contents SECTION Page FORE
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List of Tables SECTION Page 2-1 Ove
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FOREWORD The global oil and natural
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DOCUMENT AT A GLANCE This document
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1.0 INTRODUCTION Policymakers use e
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The Intergovernmental Panel on Clim
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2.0 SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY There ar
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Table 2-1. Overview of Methods Used
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the uncertainty associated with cur
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d. Data processing uncertainty Typi
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d. Material Balance For some emissi
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3.0 OVERVIEW OF MEASUREMENT PRACTIC
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3.1 Flow Measurement Practices Cont
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All these factors should be assesse
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Table 3-1. Example of FFMS Combined
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3.2 Uncertainties of Flow Measureme
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Table 3-3. Compilation of Specifica
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EXHIBIT 3-3: FACTORS TO CONSIDER WH
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3.3.2 Quantifying Sampling Precisio
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Table 3-4. Summary of Selected Carb
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3.5 Heat Content Determination The
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3.5.2 Computational Methods Heating
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using standard methods, non-standar
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0.6 0.4 0.2 Error 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6
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s ± t × (Equation 4-1) n where s
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4.2.1 Propagation Equations There a
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For two terms that might be correla
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- Page 65 and 66: EXHIBIT 4-4: Uncertainty Example fo
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- Page 71 and 72: Two methods are compared. The first
- Page 73 and 74: . EXHIBIT 4-6: Uncertainty Example
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- Page 77 and 78: Table 4-13 shows the uncertainty in
- Page 79 and 80: Table 4-13. Comparison of Annual Em
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- Page 83 and 84: These guidelines concentrate solely
- Page 85 and 86: (Reprinted from the API Compendium)
- Page 87 and 88: Table 5-2. Onshore Oil Field (High
- Page 89 and 90: associated with them are assigned b
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- Page 93 and 94: 5.2.4 Propagating Assymetric Uncert
- Page 95 and 96: U( rel) = U( rel) + U( rel) + U( re
- Page 97 and 98: Coke burn rate approach (Equation 5
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- Page 101 and 102: The CO 2 emissions are calculated u
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- Page 105 and 106: vast majority of the uncertainty fo
- Page 107: 6.0 REFERENCES AGA, 2008, Greenhous
- Page 111 and 112: Appendix A GLOSSARY OF STATISTICAL
- Page 113 and 114: Appendix A GLOSSARY OF STATISTICAL
- Page 115 and 116: Appendix A GLOSSARY OF STATISTICAL
- Page 117 and 118: APPENDIX B LIST OF INDUSTRY MEASURE
- Page 119 and 120: Chapter 2.8B Establishment of the L
- Page 121 and 122: Chapter 11.5.3 Chapter 12.1.1 Chapt
- Page 123 and 124: Chapter 19.4 Chapter 20.1 RP 85 RP
- Page 125 and 126: ISO 8222:2002 ISO 8697:1999 ISO 902
- Page 127 and 128: ISO 7194:2008 Measurement of fluid
- Page 129 and 130: ASTM D4292 ASTM D4892 ASTM D5002 AS
- Page 131 and 132: APPENDIX C OPERATING CONDITIONS, IN
- Page 133 and 134: Appendix C OPERATING CONDITIONS, IN
- Page 135 and 136: Appendix D SELECT MEASUREMENT METHO
- Page 137 and 138: c. ASTM UOP539-97, Refinery Gas Ana
- Page 139 and 140: interference between known componen
- Page 141 and 142: maintained over the room temperatur
- Page 143 and 144: APPENDIX E UNITS CONVERSION
- Page 145 and 146: − Gasoline density (average) = 0.
- Page 147 and 148: Appendix F UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION D
- Page 149 and 150: The uncertainty for the heaters/reb
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E E CO2e 219 tonne CO ⎛ 2 0.0108
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E CO 2 6 500× 10 scf gas lbmole ga
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• Fuel Economy (miles per gallon)
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Upper: U ( abs) = (U( abs) +U( abs)
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default CH 4 content is 5.53% from
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Uncertainty Estimate of CO 2 e Emis
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( ) Urel ( ) = Urel ( ) = Urel ( )
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Uncertainty Estimate for CH 4 and C
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specific mole % for CH 4 and CO 2 i
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E CO2 0.07239 tonne CH 4 tonne mole
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U ( rel) = U( rel) +U( rel) +U( rel
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Table F-14. Fugitive Emission and U
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U ( abs) = (U( abs) +U( abs) +U( ab
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Table F-15. Onshore Oil Field (High