addressing uncertainty in oil and natural gas industry greenhouse

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ASTM D1657 ASTM D4052 ASTM D4002 ASTM D473 ASTM D4006 ASTM D4007 ASTM D95 ASTM D1796 ASTM D4377 ASTM D4807 ASTM D4928 ASTM D6304 ASTM D71 ASTM D287 ASTM D1070 ASTM D1217 ASTM D1480 ASTM D1481 ASTM D1550 ASTM D1555 ASTM D2320 ASTM D2638 ASTM D2962 ASTM D3142 ASTM D3505 ASTM D4311 Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Liquids by Digital Density Meter Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oils and Fuel Oils by the Extraction Method Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oil by Distillation Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) Standard Test Method for Water in Crude Oils by Potentiometric Karl Fischer Titration Standard Test Method for Sediment in Crude Oil by Membrane Filtration Standard Test Methods for Water in Crude Oils by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration Standard Test Method for Relative Density of Solid Pitch and Asphalt (Displacement Method) Standard Test Method for API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products (Hydrometer Method) Standard Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Bingham Pycnometer Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Viscous Materials by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnometer Standard ASTM Butadiene Measurement Tables Standard Test Method for Calculation of Volume and Weight of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Cyclohexane Standard Test Method for Density (Relative Density) of Solid Pitch (Pycnometer Method) Standard Test Method for Real Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke by Helium Pycnometer Standard Test Method for Calculating Volume-Temperature Correction for Coal-Tar Pitches Standard Test Method for Specific Gravity, API Gravity, or Density of Cutback Asphalts by Hydrometer Method Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Pure Liquid Chemicals Standard Practice for Determining Asphalt Volume Correction to a Base Temperature Pilot Version, September 2009 B-11
ASTM D4292 ASTM D4892 ASTM D5002 ASTM D5004 ASTM D7042 ASTM D7454 Standard Test Method for Determination of Vibrated Bulk Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke Standard Test Method for Density of Solid Pitch (Helium Pycnometer Method) Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Crude Oils by Digital Density Analyzer Standard Test Method for Real Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke by Xylene Displacement Standard Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity) Standard Test Method for Determination of Vibrated Bulk Density of Calcined Petroleum Coke using a Semi-Automated Apparatus B.4 Gas Processors Association (GPA) GPA Technical Standards Manual GPA RB 101-43 Compression and Charcoal Tests for Determining the Natural Gasoline Content of Natural Gas GPA RB 181-86 Heating Value-Basis for Custody Transfer GPA RB 194-94 Tentative NGL Loading Practices GPA 1167 GPA Glossary—Definition of Words and Terms Used in the Gas Processing Industry GPA 2103 Tentative Method for the Analysis of Natural Gas Condensate Mixtures Containing Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide by Gas Chromatography GPA 2145 Table of Physical Properties for Hydrocarbons and Other Compounds of Interest to the Natural Gas Industry GPA 2166 Obtaining Natural Gas Samples for Analysis by Gas Chromatography GPA 2172 Calculation of Gross Heating Value, Relative Density, Compressibility and Theoretical Hydrocarbon Liquid Content for Natural Gas Mixtures for Custody Transfer GPA 2174 Obtaining Liquid Hydrocarbon Samples for Analysis by Gas Chromatography GPA 2177 Analysis of Natural Gas Liquid Mixtures Containing Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide by Gas Chromatography GPA 2186 Method for the Extended Analysis of Hydrocarbon Liquid Mixtures Containing Nitrogen and Carbon Dioxide by Temperature Programmed Gas Chromatography GPA 2377 Test for Hydrogen Sulfide & Carbon Dioxide in Natural Gas Using Stain Tubes GPA 8173 Methods for Converting Mass Natural Gas Liquids and Vapor to Equivalent Liquid Volumes GPA 8182 Standard for Mass Measurement of Natural Gas Liquids GPA 8186 Measurement of Liquid Hydrocarbon by Truck Scales GPA 8195 Tentative Standard for Converting Net Vapor Space Volumes to Equivalent Liquid Volumes GPA TP-27 Temperature Correction for the Volume of NGL and LPG Tables 23E, 24E, 53E, 54E, 59E & 60E Pilot Version, September 2009 B-12
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Prepared by the LEVON Group, LLC an
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Table of Contents SECTION Page FORE
Page 5 and 6:
List of Tables SECTION Page 2-1 Ove
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FOREWORD The global oil and natural
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DOCUMENT AT A GLANCE This document
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1.0 INTRODUCTION Policymakers use e
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The Intergovernmental Panel on Clim
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2.0 SOURCES OF UNCERTAINTY There ar
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Table 2-1. Overview of Methods Used
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the uncertainty associated with cur
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d. Data processing uncertainty Typi
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d. Material Balance For some emissi
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3.0 OVERVIEW OF MEASUREMENT PRACTIC
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3.1 Flow Measurement Practices Cont
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All these factors should be assesse
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Table 3-1. Example of FFMS Combined
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3.2 Uncertainties of Flow Measureme
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Table 3-3. Compilation of Specifica
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EXHIBIT 3-3: FACTORS TO CONSIDER WH
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3.3.2 Quantifying Sampling Precisio
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Table 3-4. Summary of Selected Carb
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3.5 Heat Content Determination The
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3.5.2 Computational Methods Heating
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using standard methods, non-standar
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0.6 0.4 0.2 Error 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6
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s ± t × (Equation 4-1) n where s
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4.2.1 Propagation Equations There a
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For two terms that might be correla
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EXHIBIT 4-1: Uncertainty Example fo
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Page 61 and 62:
Further guidance for assigning unce
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4.4 Quantifying Measurement Uncerta
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Page 67 and 68:
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Are the data based on a single poin
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Two methods are compared. The first
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. EXHIBIT 4-6: Uncertainty Example
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Page 77 and 78: Table 4-13 shows the uncertainty in
Page 79 and 80: Table 4-13. Comparison of Annual Em
Page 81 and 82: • The evolution of activity and e
Page 83 and 84: These guidelines concentrate solely
Page 85 and 86: (Reprinted from the API Compendium)
Page 87 and 88: Table 5-2. Onshore Oil Field (High
Page 89 and 90: associated with them are assigned b
Page 91 and 92: Table 5-4. Onshore Oil Field (High
Page 93 and 94: 5.2.4 Propagating Assymetric Uncert
Page 95 and 96: U( rel) = U( rel) + U( rel) + U( re
Page 97 and 98: Coke burn rate approach (Equation 5
Page 99 and 100: Wt% C ∑ lbmole x lbmole C 12 lb C
Page 101 and 102: The CO 2 emissions are calculated u
Page 103 and 104: GHG Emissions, tonnes/yr 60,000 50,
Page 105 and 106: vast majority of the uncertainty fo
Page 107 and 108: 6.0 REFERENCES AGA, 2008, Greenhous
Page 109 and 110: The Alberta Energy and Utilities Bo
Page 111 and 112: Appendix A GLOSSARY OF STATISTICAL
Page 117 and 118: APPENDIX B LIST OF INDUSTRY MEASURE
Page 119 and 120: Chapter 2.8B Establishment of the L
Page 121 and 122: Chapter 11.5.3 Chapter 12.1.1 Chapt
Page 123 and 124: Chapter 19.4 Chapter 20.1 RP 85 RP
Page 125 and 126: ISO 8222:2002 ISO 8697:1999 ISO 902
Page 127: ISO 7194:2008 Measurement of fluid
Page 131 and 132: APPENDIX C OPERATING CONDITIONS, IN
Page 133 and 134: Appendix C OPERATING CONDITIONS, IN
Page 135 and 136: Appendix D SELECT MEASUREMENT METHO
Page 137 and 138: c. ASTM UOP539-97, Refinery Gas Ana
Page 139 and 140: interference between known componen
Page 141 and 142: maintained over the room temperatur
Page 143 and 144: APPENDIX E UNITS CONVERSION
Page 145 and 146: − Gasoline density (average) = 0.
Page 147 and 148: Appendix F UNCERTAINTY ESTIMATION D
Page 149 and 150: The uncertainty for the heaters/reb
Page 151 and 152: ∑ 2 U ( abs) = U( abs) ∑(Wt%C)
Page 153 and 154: Combining the fuel usage for the tw
Page 155 and 156: Uncertainty Estimate of CO 2 e Emis
Page 157 and 158: U ( abs) = ( U ( abs) + U ( abs) +
Page 159 and 160: E E CO2e 219 tonne CO ⎛ 2 0.0108
Page 161 and 162: E CO 2 6 500× 10 scf gas lbmole ga
Page 163 and 164: • Fuel Economy (miles per gallon)
Page 165 and 166: Upper: U ( abs) = (U( abs) +U( abs)
Page 167 and 168: default CH 4 content is 5.53% from
Page 169 and 170: Uncertainty Estimate of CO 2 e Emis
Page 171 and 172: ( ) Urel ( ) = Urel ( ) = Urel ( )
Page 173 and 174: Uncertainty Estimate for CH 4 and C
Page 175 and 176: specific mole % for CH 4 and CO 2 i
Page 177 and 178: E CO2 0.07239 tonne CH 4 tonne mole
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U ( rel) = U( rel) +U( rel) +U( rel
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Table F-14. Fugitive Emission and U
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U ( abs) = (U( abs) +U( abs) +U( ab
Page 185 and 186:
Table F-15. Onshore Oil Field (High
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