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Educational Research - the Ethics and Aesthetics of Statistics

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188 I. Munday<br />

We might also note that advocates <strong>of</strong> performativity may mount a defence in<br />

regard to some <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> claims made during <strong>the</strong> section ‘fixing <strong>the</strong> stats’. The fact<br />

that some schools do not possess cohorts expected to achieve 30% 5 GCSEs is no<br />

excuse for failure. Schools in <strong>the</strong> lowest income bracket have managed this, so every<br />

school should be capable <strong>of</strong> success. If schools cannot attract teachers <strong>the</strong>n it is <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

own fault for being so ineffective <strong>and</strong> if physical education teachers are <strong>the</strong> only<br />

people who comm<strong>and</strong> enough respect to teach literacy <strong>and</strong> numeracy skills, <strong>the</strong>n<br />

why not let <strong>the</strong>m do it (teachers should be facilitators shouldn’t <strong>the</strong>y?). Are history,<br />

geography <strong>and</strong> physical education that necessary to <strong>the</strong> future careers or general<br />

functioning <strong>of</strong> students’ lives or indeed <strong>the</strong> functioning <strong>of</strong> society? Is <strong>the</strong> notion that<br />

a liberal education will be <strong>the</strong> best kind <strong>of</strong> education ei<strong>the</strong>r coherent or sufficiently<br />

up to date? Perhaps it is better that students take courses more in keeping with<br />

ei<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong>ir dispositions or ability levels. Maybe insisting that some students take<br />

vocational courses helps <strong>the</strong>m to save <strong>the</strong>m from <strong>the</strong>mselves. That way, at least <strong>the</strong>y<br />

might get some form <strong>of</strong> qualification to put in <strong>the</strong>ir portfolios at <strong>the</strong> end <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir<br />

schooling. If vocational courses really are easier to do, well, <strong>the</strong>n, this problem can<br />

be ironed out by making <strong>the</strong>m more difficult. There is an ethical aspect to this kind<br />

<strong>of</strong> defence. Schools should be accommodating <strong>the</strong>ir ‘clients’ needs <strong>and</strong> dem<strong>and</strong>s. It<br />

can be shown that ‘failing’ schools are failing <strong>the</strong>ir students.<br />

We might note here that this defence is predicated on a number <strong>of</strong> assumptions<br />

regarding (1) what good teaching is, (2) what is good for students, (3) what is good<br />

for society <strong>and</strong> (4) <strong>the</strong> importance <strong>of</strong> being ‘contemporary’ or ‘fashionable’. Such<br />

assumptions mark <strong>the</strong> metaphysics <strong>of</strong> presence as it inscribed through performativity.<br />

They are haunted by what may arrive – <strong>the</strong> ‘arrivant’ is also a ‘revenant’. Let<br />

us also note that easy equivalent GCSE courses have been <strong>of</strong>fered for years now. It<br />

seems unlikely that <strong>the</strong>y will be made more difficult.<br />

Lastly let us note that statistics need words (words, that is that are not numbers)<br />

to humanise <strong>the</strong>m. Though this <strong>of</strong>ten takes <strong>the</strong> ra<strong>the</strong>r inhuman form <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘slogan’,<br />

slogans like all uses <strong>of</strong> language will contain elements that are iterable, <strong>the</strong>ir past<br />

<strong>and</strong> future contexts belong to <strong>the</strong>m. The suturing effects <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> marriage <strong>of</strong> statistics<br />

<strong>and</strong> slogans will not prevent language from bleeding. This chapter celebrates such<br />

bleeding not in <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> humanism, but ra<strong>the</strong>r in <strong>the</strong> name <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ‘inhuman’ o<strong>the</strong>r<br />

that may arrive at any time.<br />

References<br />

Bearn, G. (2000). The university <strong>of</strong> beauty. In P. Dhillon & P. St<strong>and</strong>ish (Eds.), Lyotard: Just<br />

education (pp. 230–258). London: Routledge.<br />

Biesta, J. J. (2009). Witnessing deconstruction in education: Why quasi-transcendentalism matters.<br />

Journal <strong>of</strong> Philosophy <strong>of</strong> Education, 43, 391–404.<br />

Derrida, J. (1988). Limited Inc. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press.<br />

Derrida, J. (1997). Of grammatology. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.<br />

Lyotard, J. -F. (1984). The postmodern condition. Manchester: Manchester University Press.<br />

St<strong>and</strong>ish, P. (2005). Towards an economy <strong>of</strong> higher education. Critical Quarterly, 47, 53–71.<br />

St<strong>and</strong>ish, P. (2010). Calling education to account. In P. Smeyers & M. Depaepe (Eds.), <strong>Educational</strong><br />

research: The ethics <strong>and</strong> aes<strong>the</strong>tics <strong>of</strong> statistics (pp. 207–216). Dordrecht: Springer.

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