A User Centric Security Model for Tamper-Resistant Devices

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3.1 Introduction 3.1 Introduction The ICOM has played a major role in the spread of smart card technology to every aspect of modern life. Card issuers see smart cards as a conduit for customer loyalty, rather than as a mere electronic device used to access services. Smart cards have become a market presence, a means of customer outreach and even in certain circumstances a status symbol (i.e. privilege cards). Given all the above, it is obvious why surrendering control of smart cards is a dicult decision for any organisation to contemplate. In this chapter, we describe the ICOM architecture along with prominent platforms that support it. The aim of a UCTD is to provide security, trust, and privacy services while being interoperable with diverse computing devices (e.g. computers, mobile phones, and tablets). The ownership model for the UCTD has to strike a balance between the user's freedom of choice and the SP's requirements of security, intellectual property protection, control, and reliability of their application. For this purpose, we propose the UCOM because it takes into account the ownership requirements of the UCTD framework. Therefore, in this chapter we discuss the UCOM architecture, its main stakeholders, and their requirements. In some cases, there is a need to have an administrative authority that manages a computing platform. Two examples of such an authority can be parents and MNOs. On a computing platform used by children, the respective parents would like to manage the overall platform while giving the children the right to install or delete any application that does not violate the policy dened by the parents. Similarly, an MNO might provide a mobile handset to a customer in return for signing a xed term contract. During the contract period, the MNO might be involved with the UCTD that came with the mobile handset and they might want to have the administrative rights to it. We propose a model that accommodates the requirement of administrative authority on a UCTD (smart card), while adhering to the UCOM. Such a model will protect the security and privacy of the user, while implementing the usage policy dened by the administrative authority. We refer to this model as Coopetitive Architecture for Smart Cards (CASC), which is also discussed in this chapter. Structure of the Chapter: Section 3.2 discusses the ICOM and its advantages and disadvantages. In section 3.3, we briey introduce prominent platforms that support the ICOM framework. In section 3.4, we describe the ICOM and its major components. The security and operational requirements of individual UCOM stakeholders are discussed in section 3.5. The extension to the UCOM framework to include provision for an administrative authority is described in section 3.6. Finally, we conclude the chapter in section 3.7. Before diving into the chapter, we want to explain that the discussion of dierent management models in the previous chapter and in this chapter is necessary to appreciate our 52
3.2 Issuer Centric Smart Card Ownership Model (ICOM) Smart Card Manufacturer 1. Smart Card Orderd 2. Smart Card Delivered 6. Response Smart Card Issuer 5. Request 3. Smart Card Issued 4. Service Request 7. Service Response Smart Card User Service Access Point Figure 3.1: Overview of the Issuer Centric Smart Card Ownership Model (ICOM) contribution. Dierent business, management, and ownership models in the smart card industry have shaped how the technical mechanisms are implemented. We have to consider the changes in perceptions about control and ownership of smart cards in the smart card industry to justify the modications that we propose in this dissertation. 3.2 Issuer Centric Smart Card Ownership Model (ICOM) In gure 3.1, smart card issuers are companies (e.g. in the banking, transport and telecom sectors), which use smart cards to provide services to their customers. The card issuers order smart cards from a card manufacturer. The card manufacturer delivers them to the card issuer, which in turn issues them to individual cardholders. A cardholder presents her smart card at a Service Access Point (SAP) to use the services provided by the card issuer. A SAP can be an ATM (Automated Teller Machine), a mobile phone or a simple card reader; it acts as a gateway to a card issuer's services. In this framework, the control of the issued smart cards lies with the card issuer, who decides what application(s) will be installed on the cards. If a card issuer has a business agreement with any other company, then the cardholder may get a smart card with multiple applications, as in the case of the Barclaycard's OnePulse card [81]. Barclaycard 1 is the card issuer and it has an established business relationship with Transport for London 2 (issuer of Oyster cards [72]). Therefore, with its bankcard, Barclays provides the Oyster card functionality. 1 Barclaycard: Barclaycard is a trading name for the banking card sector of Barclays Bank PLC, United Kingdom. Web address: http://www.barclaycard.co.uk 2 Transport for London (TfL) is a publicly owned company that provides transport services to Greater London, United Kingdom. Web address: http://www.tfl.gov.uk 53
Page 1 and 2: A User Centric Security Model for T
Page 3 and 4: Declaration These doctoral studies
Page 5 and 6: R. N. Akram, K. Markantonakis, and
Page 7 and 8: Abstract In this thesis we propose
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS 3.4.1 Supplier . . . . . .
Page 11 and 12: CONTENTS 7 Application Sharing Mech
Page 13 and 14: CONTENTS C.4 Secure and Trusted Cha
Page 15 and 16: LIST OF FIGURES 8.6 Control ow diag
Page 17 and 18: List of Abbreviations AAC Applicati
Page 19 and 20: 1.1 Setting the Scene 1.1 Setting t
Page 21 and 22: 1.2 A Brief History of Smart Cards
Page 23 and 24: 1.3 Motivation and Challenges Over
Page 25 and 26: 1.3 Motivation and Challenges compu
Page 27 and 28: 1.4 Contributions the UCTD manufact
Page 29 and 30: 1.5 Structure of the Thesis traditi
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Page 43 and 44: Businesses Governments Privacy Pres
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4.7 Attestation Protocol an adversa
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4.7 Attestation Protocol SC i ′ a
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4.8 Protocol Analysis CasperFDR app
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4.9 Summary whereas the online atte
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5.1 Introduction 5.1 Introduction E
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5.2 GlobalPlatform Card Management
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5.3 Multos Card Management Framewor
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5.4 Proposed Smart Card Management
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5.4 Proposed Smart Card Management
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5.5 Card Management-Related Issues
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Chapter 6 Secure and Trusted Channe
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6.2 Secure Channel Protocols 6.2 Se
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6.2 Secure Channel Protocols smart
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6.2 Secure Channel Protocols SOG-16
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6.2 Secure Channel Protocols Notati
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6.3 Secure and Trusted Channel Prot
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6.4 Secure and Trusted Channel Prot
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6.5 Application Acquisition and Con
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6.6 Analysis of the Proposed Protoc
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6.7 Summary For the STCP ACA , we n
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Chapter 7 Application Sharing Mecha
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7.2 Application Sharing Mechanism 7
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7.2 Application Sharing Mechanism I
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7.2 Application Sharing Mechanism a
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7.3 UCTD Firewall utilises CDAM to
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7.3 UCTD Firewall application. Ther
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7.3 UCTD Firewall 7.3.6 Cross-Devic
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7.3 UCTD Firewall and asynchronous
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7.3 UCTD Firewall Table 7.2: Protoc
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7.4 Application Binding Protocol L
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7.5 Platform Binding Protocol The r
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7.6 Application Binding Protocol D
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Chapter 8 Smart Card Runtime Enviro
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8.2 Smart Card Runtime Environment
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8.3 Runtime Protection Mechanism In
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8.3 Runtime Protection Mechanism it
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8.3 Runtime Protection Mechanism er
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8.3 Runtime Protection Mechanism id
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8.3 Runtime Protection Mechanism Th
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8.4 Analysis of the Runtime Protect
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8.4 Analysis of the Runtime Protect
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8.5 Summary representation; the abs
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Chapter 9 Backup, Migration, and De
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9.2 Backup and Migration Framework
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9.2 Backup and Migration Framework
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9.3 Application Deletion tion of th
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9.3 Application Deletion The deleti
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9.3 Application Deletion authorises
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9.5 Summary 9.5 Summary In this cha
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10.1 Summary and Conclusions 10.1 S
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10.1 Summary and Conclusions giving
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10.2 Recommendations for Future Wor
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Appendix A Description of Protocols
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A.3 Aziz-Die (AD) Protocol on the p
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A.5 Just-Fast-Keying (JFK) Protocol
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A.8 Markantonakis-Mayes (MM) Protoc
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A.9 Sirett-Mayes-Markantonakis (SM)
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B.1 Brief Introduction to the Caspe
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B.3 Secure and Trusted Channel Prot
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B.4 Secure and Trusted Channel Prot
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B.6 Application Binding Protocol L
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B.7 Platform Binding Protocol B.7 P
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B.8 Application Binding Protocol D
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C.1 Oine Attestation Mechanism C.1
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C.1 Oine Attestation Mechanism 93 (
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C.1 Oine Attestation Mechanism 194
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C.1 Oine Attestation Mechanism 47 (
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C.1 Oine Attestation Mechanism 148
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C.2 Online Attestation Mechanism C.
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C.2 Online Attestation Mechanism 10
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 15 import
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 112 f a l
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 214 } 215
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 312 inLeng
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 410 this .
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 7 import j
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 107 this .
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C.3 Attestation Protocol 204 ( this
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C.10 Abstract Virtual Machine 42 "
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C.11 Implementation Helper Classes
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BIBLIOGRAPHY August 2009, pp. 2035.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Available: http://www.
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