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Howl 49
the two adjectives, not wanting to associate drug addiction with
black people.
7. In fact we know that Ginsberg revised, against Kerouac’s advice,
as Ginsberg explains in AGHO.
WORKS CITED
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Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1990.
Birkerts, Sven. “Not Then, Not Now.” The Poem that Changed America: “Howl”
Fifty Years Later. Ed. Jason Shinder. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux,
2006. 73–83.
Doty, Mark. “Human Seraphim: ‘Howl,’ Sex, and Holiness.” The Poem that
Changed America: “Howl” Fifty Years Later. Ed. Jason Shinder. New York:
Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2006. 11–18.
Ginsberg, Allen. Howl and Other Poems. San Francisco: City Lights, 1956.
. Howl: Original Draft Facsimile, Transcript and Variant Versions, Fully
Annotated by Author, with Contemporary Correspondence, Account of
First Public Reading, Legal Skirmishes, Precursor Texts & Bibliography.
Ed. Barry Miles. New York: Harper & Row, 1986. Rpt. New York:
HarperPerennial, 1995.
.The Fall of America. San Francisco: City Lights, 1972.
Kerouac, Jack. On the Road. New York: Penguin, 1985.
Morgan, Bill and Nancy J. Peters, eds. Howl on Trial: The Battle for Free
Expression. San Francisco: City Lights, 2006.
Ostriker, Alicia. “Howl Revisited: The Poet as Jew.” American Poetry Review
26.4 ( July-August 1997): 28–31.
Perloff, Marjorie. “ ‘A Lost Battalion of Platonic Conversationalists’: ‘Howl’ and
the Language of Modernism.’ ” The Poem that Changed America: “Howl”
Fifty Years Later. Ed. Jason Shinder. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux,
2006. 24–43.
Raskin, Jonah. American Scream: Allen Ginsberg’s Howl and the Making of the
Beat Generation. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.
Saunders, Frances Stonor. The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts
and Letters. London: New Press, 2000.
Whitman, Walt. The Portable Walt Whitman. Ed. Mark Van Doren. New York:
Penguin, 1973.