Caspian Report - Issue: 08 - Fall 2014

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ARZU YORKAN 114 TURKEY’S RENEWABLE ENERGY POLICY – TOWARDS ACHIEVING ‘2023’ TARGETS “RESOURCE CAPACITY, CURRENT SITUATION, SHORTCOMINGS, AND REMEDIES” ARZU YORKAN PHDC IN POLITICAL SCIENCE, FREE UNIVERSITY OF BERLIN
Foreign sources provide 70 per cent of Turkish energy supply comes from, notably oil and gas. The country is therefore heavily dependent on external suppliers: more than 90 per cent for its oil and close to 100 per cent for gas. INTRODUCTION As an emerging economy, currently ranked seventeenth in the world, Turkey’s energy demand has been rapidly increasing, and consequently so has its import dependence. Foreign sources provide 70 per cent of Turkish energy supply comes from, notably oil and gas. The country is therefore heavily dependent on external suppliers: more than 90 per cent for its oil and close to 100 per cent for gas. However, Turkey possesses enormous potential in its renewable energy resources. It has already begun utilising this potential where economically and technologically possible, particularly for the promotion of wind, geothermal and solar energy. Hydropower, notably, has been a source of power for decades. Since 2000, the share of these non-traditional renewable sources in Turkish total energy consumption has been gradually increasing, though not at the rate required to meet market demand. To this end, Turkey has declared a decisive target for 2023: renewable energy sources will account for 30 per cent of total electricity generation. In order to achieve this goal, Turkey has taken a number of initiatives, such as enacting legislation, subsidising private investors and promoting awareness of renewable energy across the country. In addition to official government goals for renewables, the motto of ‘green energy’ has already been adopted by the Turkish private sector, which has been recently trying to disseminate this concept in order to increase business opportunities in this promising field. Furthermore, the awareness of environmental protection is rapidly growing among the Turkish public; they are much more concerned about the climate change and its dramatic consequences than they were in the past. Thus, the issues around the high level of dependence on foreign fossil fuels and environmental protection together with private business interests have been pushing the Turkish government and its industry to produce and implement more pro-renewable policies. POTENTIALS AND CURRENT USES OF RENEWABLES Although Turkey is not a rich country in terms of fossil fuels, it possesses remarkable renewable energy resources such as hydropower, solar, geothermal and wind energy. In terms of global rankings, Turkey 115 CASPIAN REPORT, FALL <strong>2014</strong>
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CASPIAN PUBLISHED BY CASPIAN STRATE
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Dear Readers, CASPIAN REPORT 2 It i
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CASPIAN CASPIAN REPORT 4 06 FATIH M
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 6 THE U.S.
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 8 shale rev
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 10 in the 1
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 12 SINCE TH
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 14 these tw
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 16 LNG’s
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FATIH MACIT, HOLLY REHM 18 kets, pa
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MANFRED HAFNER 20 THE SOUTHERN GAS
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MANFRED HAFNER 22 THE DOCUMENT RECO
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MANFRED HAFNER 24 Notwithstanding t
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MANFRED HAFNER 26 TANAP, A PROJECTE
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MANFRED HAFNER 28 by the Shah Deniz
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MANFRED HAFNER 30 Snam Rete Gas has
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MANFRED HAFNER 32 THE ESTABLISHMENT
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MATTEO VERDA 34 LNG MARKET: TRENDS
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MATTEO VERDA 36 traditionally accou
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MATTEO VERDA 38 bcm), Brunei (9 bcm
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MATTEO VERDA 40 for transport vesse
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MATTEO VERDA 42 of the global LNG m
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MUBARIZ HASANOV 44 AN OVERVIEW OF E
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MUBARIZ HASANOV 46 Figure 1. Primar
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MUBARIZ HASANOV 48 Figure 4. Real c
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Figure 7. Price of transport fuels
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Figure 10. Electricity generation i
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Figure 13. Breakdown of electricity
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THE SOUTHERN GAS CORRIDOR - WINDOW
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NINO KALANDADZE 58 become comprise
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NINO KALANDADZE 60 This picture mak
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NINO KALANDADZE 62 Security policy.
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Page 96 and 97: Figure II: Russian energy infrastru
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Page 104 and 105: THANOS DOKOS, THEODORE TSAKIRIS 102
Page 118 and 119: ARZU YORKAN 116 is 12 th in the wor
Page 120 and 121: Figure 4: Solar Energy Potential At
Page 122 and 123: ARZU YORKAN 120 Figure 8: The share
Page 124 and 125: ARZU YORKAN 122 THE STRATEGY PAPER
Page 126 and 127: ARZU YORKAN 124 TURKEY HAS NOT YET
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Page 132 and 133: EU Commission President Jean Claude
Page 134 and 135: ROMAN RUKOMEDA 132 THE PHANTOM OF R
Page 136 and 137: Russia’s gas giant Gazprom CEO, A
Page 138: CASPIAN CALL FOR PAPERS 136 Caspian
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Caspian Report - Issue: 08 - Fall 2014

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